设计说明书一、设计资料1、地址及水文河床土质:从地面(河床)至标高32.5m为软塑粘土,以下为密实粗砂,深度达30m;河床标高为40.5m,一般冲刷线标高为38.5m,最大冲刷线为35.2m,常水位42.5m。2、土质指标表1土质指标类型地基系数m(KN/m4)极限摩阻力τ(KPa)内摩擦角φ容重γ(KN/m3)软塑粘土8×1034020°12密实粗砂25×10312038°123、桩、承台尺寸与材料承台尺寸:7.0m×4.5m×2.0m。拟定采用四根桩,设计直径1.0m。桩身混凝土用20号,其受压弹性模量MPaEh4106.2。4、荷载情况上部为等跨25m的预应力梁桥,混凝土桥墩,承台顶面上纵桥向荷载为:恒载及一孔活载时:、风力等引起的弯矩)(竖直力偏心、制动力(制动力及风力)mKNMKNHKNN·7.38478.2984.5659000恒载及二孔活载时:KNN2.64980桩(直径1.0m)自重每延米为:(已扣除浮力)mKNq/78.111540.12故,作用在承台底面中心的荷载力为:mKNMKNHKNN·3.44450.28.2987.38478.2984.7234)250.25.40.7(4.5659恒载及二孔活载时:KNN2.8073250.25.40.72.6498)(。桩基础采用冲抓锥钻孔灌注桩基础,为摩擦桩。二、单桩容许承载力的确定根据《公路桥涵地基与基础设计规范》中确定单桩容许承载力的经验公式,1初步反算桩的长度,设该桩埋入最大冲刷线以下深度为h,一般冲刷线以下深度为h3。则,}3]{[21][22200)(hkAmlUPNiih当两跨活载时:)(KNhNh78.112178.113.342.8073计算[P]时取以下数据:桩的设计桩径1.0m,冲抓锥成孔直径为1.15m,桩周长mhNhhPKPaKPamKNKPaKmmAmUh78.889.517.2057)]33.3(120.6550[785.09.070.0]120)7.2(407.2[61.321][12040/12550][0.69.070.0485.04161.315.1212202022。,(已扣除浮力),,,,,,,现取h=9m,桩底标高为26.2m。桩的轴向承载力符合要求。具体见如图1所示。图1双排桩断面(a)纵桥向断面(b)横桥向断面三、桩顶及最大冲刷线处荷载的计算、、及、、000MQPMQPiii一、参数计算1、桩的计算宽度1bKKKddKKKbf8.1119.0)1(9.001238.1767.099.0767.065.16.06.016.06.016.0;2;613;5.111111bhLbbKbnmdhmL故,又,2、桩的变形系数α1573442733233222121151489.00491.0106.267.038.11025.170491.064/106.267.067.0/1025.1743.13.17.2210257.21082mmdImKNEEmKNhhhhmhmmEImbhm;桩在最大冲刷线以下深度h=9m,其计算长度则为:5.2401.49489.0hh故按弹性桩计算。3、桩顶刚度系数4321、、、值计算EI520.0EI107.00.031EI1.0631810.4484030.262564191817614.13.3489.044401.49489.0977.010355.891.4105.21106.2785.09213.313191.45.24/105.210251010785.0421;9;3.342332005157000122035300220m m Q mmQhEIEIxEIxxxllhhEIACAEhlmAmKNmCmdAmhml;;得:、、查附表,取用已知:故取按桩中心距计算面积,;34、计算承台底面原点O处位移000、、baEIEIEIEIEIEInxnnHnMnEIEIEIEIEIEInxnnMnHxnaEIEInEIEInEIEInEIEIEIxnEIEInNbmiimiimiimii80.820184.0185.8124.08.298429.03.4445124.066.5299184.0185.8124.03.4445429.08.298185.8184.0429.0429.0107.04124.0031.04185.825.14977.050.0442.1851977.044.723422312142320223121423121402223322121410二计算作用在每根桩顶上的作用力iiiMQP、、的计算及最大弯矩位置四、最大弯矩及轴向力水平力弯矩计算最大冲刷线处桩身三校核弯矩水平力竖向力maxmax0000000110304030200173.2849153.3785.087.28107.7400.1053.37.7450.141`,4.72344.723433.80687.281023.44453.444550.141425.133.80687.281028.2988.2987.74450.14166.5299107.080.820520.07.7480.820107.066.5299031.033.80687.281080.82025.142.1851977.0`ZMKNPKNQKNmlQMMPQMKNPKNnPKNmMKNmMnPxKNHKNnQmKNEIEIEIEIaMKNEIEIEIEIaQKNKNEIEIEIxbPiiniiiniiii i iii401.49489.0489.0h4MPaRMPaRIDgreCeABrRRgrDRBrRMeNrCRArRNKNNKNmMZcmmmxmmEIMlxmmEIQlxradEIEIBEIMAEIQmmmmmEIEIBEIMAEIQxBABAxKNmKMMKZZQMCgagagsbacbjjgsbacbjjjmQxxxxmmQ240112036.270821132.261.34078.11132.22173.284906.207132.25.2255.0][43.151043.1510897.0042.13.12027.1644.2897.01097.810588.823.350.1412042.110042.110588.833.37.74310027.11.75058-489.01051.62100-489.07.746644.210644.21.62100489.01052.44066489.07.74-1.75058-1.621001.621002.4406606.207972.100.105972.113132.2489.0043.1043.113687.07.7400.105489.00033022331452203533032020032320300000max00,级钢筋,号混凝土,现拟定采用分析,整理得:取以上两式的临界状态:由截面强度的计算公式设计最大弯矩为为处,次处设计最大弯矩最大弯矩截面在〈一〉配筋的计算算六、桩身截面配筋的计,符合要求。水平位移容许值桩顶纵向水平位移符合规范要求,,,:和转角位移桩在最大冲刷线处水平验算五、桩顶纵向水平位移所以,得,查得附表得,查得附表5CACArCRArRNDCABDCABDgreCeABrRRmmgrrgmmdrmmedlmmlhmmNMegsbacbugagppjj45600000209000050024025.195.05001125.195.0108000183605.84155004505.765.765002401145050090.09.05002100025.765.761217740.510005740740.5489.00.43.35.00.4401.45.7639.270806.207122220000,则设、计算受压区高度系数。偏心矩的影响,取,可不考虑纵向弯曲对长细比,故桩的计算长度因、计算偏心距增大系数现采用试算法列表计算(见表2):表2受压区高度系数ξ计算表ξABCDμNu(N)Nj(N)Nu/Nj0.962.58900.40112.33590.6847-0.00088310531731027081.9630.972.61580.38652.36900.65900.002726310576131027082.1270.982.64240.37172.40120.63390.007353310632831027082.3360.992.66850.35662.43240.60940.013435310706731027082.6091.002.69430.34132.46270.58560.021637310806131027082.976由计算表可见,当ξ=0.97时,计算纵向力Nu与设计值Nj之比较为合理,故取ξ=0.97,μ=0.002726为计算值。3、计算所需纵向钢筋的截面积2222141500002726.0mmrAg6现选用10φ18,245.25cmAg,布置如图2所示。混凝土净保护层,255022060mmmmc纵向钢筋间净距为256mm80mm。二对截面进行强度复核由前面的计算结果,,mme5.76001296.05045.25449.04506022dAgmmrmmagg筋率,实际配,,1、在垂直与弯矩作用平面内,,实际纵向钢筋面积混凝土截面积为。故纵向弯曲系数长细比,222254578539841,7740.5mmAmmdAdlghp则在垂直于弯矩作用平面内的承载力为rRCARgRDBReKNNARARNgagajggshacbu0227087030.137KN254524025.117853981125.1195.0111、在弯矩作用平面内CADBCADB110.31195.1327550050024001296.0112409.001296.011为计算值。故取很接近与设计的时当同样采用试算法可得98.0,5.76,99.78,98.0,00mmemme在弯矩作用平面内的承载力为KNNKNrCRArRNjgsbacbu270873.632750000