一般现在时定义一般现在时:表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或者动作(有时间规律发生的事件)的一种时间状态1.表示现在的状态:e.g.He’stwelve.She’satwork.2.表经常或习惯性的动作:e.g.Igetupat6:30everyday.HereadsEnglisheverymorning.常用的状语:often,sometimes,usually,everyday等。3.表主语具备的性格和能力等:e.g.Shelikesnoodles.TheyspeakFrench.4.表示不受时间限制的普遍真理和自然规律:e.g.Twoandfourissix.Themoongoesaroundtheearth.具体用法具体用法•1.表示经常的或习惯性的动作,常与表示频率的时间状语连用。(时间状语:always,usually,everymorning/night/evening/day/week/year,often,sometimes,seldom,onceamonth,onSundays)e.g.Ileavehomeforschoolat7:00everymorning.Hegetsupatsixinthemorning.2.表示客观事实和普遍真理。e.gTheearthmovesaroundthesun.ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.3表示格言或警句中。e.gPridegoesbeforeafall.骄者必败。4.表示按规定、计划或时间表将要发生的事。e.gThetrainstartsat10o'clockinthemorning.火车将在早上10点开出。Weleaveverysoon.我们很快就离开。这类用法限于表示“移动”的动词:go去,come来,leave离开,start出发,begin开始,arrive到达,takeoff起飞,等。常用的时间状语1.频度副词:sometimes(有时),often,always(总是),usually(通常),seldom,never(决不)twiceaweek,seldom,onceamonth,onSundays2.inthemorning/afternoon/evening…每周六onSaturdays每周日onSundays3.everymorning/night/evening/day/week/year,e.g.Ileavehomeforschoolat7:00everymorning.Igetupat6:30everyday.HereadsEnglisheverymorning.4.一次once两次twice三次threetimes一周两次twiceaweek每周四次fourtimesaweek结构•结构1:主语+be(am/is/are)+其它•陈述句:SheisfromAmerica.•否定句:SheisnotfromAmerica.•一般疑问句:IsshefromAmerica?•肯定回答:Yes,sheis.•否定回答:No,sheisn’t.一般现在时含有be动词变疑问、否定句的口诀:要变一般疑问句,be动词提前很容易。否定句,很简单,not在be动词后面站。结构•结构2:主语+行为动词+其它•陈述句结构:主语+行为动词+其它•(但是当主语是第三人称单数时,行为动词+s/es/y改i加es)•Wegotoschoolat7:00.•ShestudiesEnglisheveryday.•否定句结构:主语+don’t/doesn’t+动词原形+其它•Wedon’tgotoschoolat7:00.•Shedoesn’tstudyEnglisheveryday.•疑问句结构:Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其它Doesshegotoschoolat7:00?肯定回答:Yes,shedoes.否定回答:No,shedoesn’t.一般现在时行为动词变疑问句口诀:一添、二改、三原、四问号。即一添Do/Does,二大写改小写,三动词用原形,四句末加“?”一般现在时变否定句口诀:若是没有be动词,do,does加not要牢记。1.如果主语是名词复数和第一人称I、we,第二人称you第三人称they谓语动词不用做任何变化,即仍然用动词原形表示:肯定句主语+动词原形+其他否定句主语+don't+动词原形+其他一般疑问句Do+主语+动词原形+其他例1)Weusuallygotoschoolat7:30.我们通常7:30上学去。[go]2)Myparentsgivetenyuantomysistereveryweek.我父母每星期给我妹妹十元钱。2.主语是任何一个单数名词或者是第三人称单数,谓语动词要进行必要的变化。特别提一点:不可数名词也算作单数处理。肯定句:主语+动词的第三人称单数+其他否定句:主语+doesn't+动词原形+其他一般疑问句:Does+主语+动词原形+其他肯定回答:Yes,主语+does否定回答:No,主语+doesn't特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句一般现在时动词的第三人称单数形式(一般现在时第三人称单(he,she,it))1.一般情况词尾加-s:reads,writes2.以ch,sh,s,x,结尾的词加-es:watches,washes,guesses,goes.3.以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y为i,再加-es:cry-cries,study-studies4.以辅音字母+O结尾的词,一般情况是在词尾加esgoesdoes.5.特殊is-arehas-have1、一般动词,在词尾加s;如:work--works,live--lives,play--plays,sing--sings.eg:ShelivesinNingbo.她住在宁波。2、以/s//z/等音素结尾的动词,词尾加-es,如词尾为e,只加-s.读作/iz/如:teach------teaches,wash-----washes.eg:Mymotherwashesthecoat.我母亲洗了大衣。行为动词do一般现在时第三人称单(he,she,it)的构成规则:动词变化规律3.以辅音字母加y结尾的词,把y变i在加es,读作[Z]Studyflystudiesflies4.以辅音字母+O结尾的词,一般情况是在词尾加es读作[Z]godogoesdoes5.特殊情况:havehasEX21.Tomoften_____(get)upatsixinthemorning2.Theearth______(go)aroundthesun.3.Mary’sparent______(live)inBeijing.4.She_______(draw)verywell.Ex1.写出下列词的单三形式:look;go;give;fly;havelooks;goes;gives;flies;hasgetsgoeslivesdraws特殊疑问句特殊疑问词:what(什么),when,whattime(什么时间),who(谁),where(在哪里),why(为什么),how(怎样),howmany+可数名词的复数(多少),howlong(多长时间),howoften(多久一次)which(哪一个)等定义:含有特殊疑问词的句子叫特殊疑问句一般现在时变否定句口诀:若是没有be动词,do,does加not要牢记。一、疑问词+一般疑问句句序:•Whereareyoufrom?I’mfromthenorth.•Whatdoyouwant?Iwantthebooksonyourdesk.特殊疑问句的语序二,与陈述句的语序同:(疑问词作主语或修饰主语)Whogivesyouthepresent.Mr.Wanggivesmethepresent.Whatisinthebox?Whichismine?Whosebookisonthedesk?一般现在时•Summary(小结)•一般现在时顺口溜第一、二人称和复数,动词原形不变换。•当主语是三单时,动词后加s(es)别忘怀。•要变一般疑问句,be动词提前很容易。•若是没有be动词,Do和Does开头要注意。•否定句,很简单,not在be动词后面站。•若是没有be动词,do,does加not要牢记。一般现在时Completethepassage.(用括号内词的适当形式填空)I______(be)astudent.I_______(be)fromChinaMrWei____(be)myEnglishteacher.He______(speak)Englishwellandhe_______(work)hardalot.I_____(like)Englishverymuch.Lucy____(be)myfriend.She_____(be)fromAmerica.She__________(notspeak)Chinesewell.We____________(notlike)football.We______(be)goodfriends.amamisspeaksworkslikeisisdoesn’tspeakdon’tlikeareTomgoestoschooleverydaybybike.1.就Tom提问2.就goestoschool提问3.就bybike提问Ex.请做练习。1.Whogoestoschooleverydaybybike?2.WhatdoesTomdoeverydaybybike?3.HowdoesTomgotoschooleveryday?V选择疑问句选择疑问句:(直接回答,与YES和NO无关)1.Doessheworkinafactoryorinanoffice?2.Whichdoyoulikebest,football,basketballorvolleyball?Eg:Doessheplayfootballorbasketball?A.Yes,shedoesB.sheplaysfootball.C.No,shedoesn’tsome、any一般说来,some用于肯定句中,any用于否定句和疑问句中。改疑问句或否定句时,原句里的some要改成anyTherearesomebooksonthedesk.(改为否定句)→Therearen’tanybooksonthedesk.→Arethereanybooksonthedesk?Whynotbuysomeapples?为什么不买些苹果呢?Wouldyoulikesomemoreapples?你要不要再吃点苹果?注意:在表示建议或希望得到肯定回答时,some可用于疑问句,不用变成any.andor变否定句时,and要变成orThereissomeairandwateronthemoon.→Thereisn'tanyairorwateronthemoon.Hehassomebrothersandsisters.→Hedoesn’thaveanybrothersorsisters.在否定句当中,too要改为eitherIlikeeatingapples,too.→Idon’tlikeeatingapples,either.三、仿造示例完成句子,用上but和and。Module:Jack,rideabike,rideahorse.Jackcanrideabike,buthecan’trideahorse.Jackcanrideabikeandhorse.1.Betty,rideabike,swim__________________________________________________________________________________________________Bettycanrideabike,buthecan’tswim.Bettycanrideabikeandswim.含be或情态动词一般疑问句的改写•秘诀:一调二改三问号一调:即把句