下驻中国外籍记者与台湾媒体报导分析

SARS暴ARiskReportingAnalystonSARSReportsfromForeignCorrespondentsbasedinChinaandReportsfromTaiwaneselocalmedia聯SARS暴ARiskReportingAnalystonSARSReportsfromForeignCorrespondentsbasedinChinaandReportsfromTaiwaneselocalmediaSARS不兩見數不烈SARS來率量不度SARS更例來說SARS見了AbstractTheSARScoveragefromforeigncorrespondentsbasedinChinareflectsmanyaspectsdiscussedbyriskreportingorriskcommunicationexperts,namelyopinion-orientedandlackofscientificstatistics.ThiscurrentresearchaimstocomparereportsdispatchedbyforeigncorrespondentsbasedinChinaandreportsfromTaiwaneselocalmedia,inahopetoseehowdifferentsocialandpoliticalenvironmentsaffecttheirSARScoverage.IncontrasttoTaiwan’sopenanddynamicsociety,Chinainawayreflectsaclosedsocietywithoutmediaplayingtheroletosupervisethegovernmentanditsadministration.Therefore,foreigncorrespondents’coveragemainlycriticizethegovernment,playingtheroletosupervisethegovernment,andasawindowfortheinternationalcommunitiestounderstandChina.Keywords:ForeigncorrespondentsbasedinChina,riskreporting,SARS,socialandpoliticalenvironment料SARS2003年3211料來WHO來力說不不讀不暴(不)2索不SARS了SARS陸1.32003年不路省流連來4192歷省305例例59復省類SARS年71122004年來41232387北兩3SARS陸例SARS42003年六3北不流行勞罹北理力例北彦料彦六北行北數數例例立了SARSSARS流行狀不漏數5落來療更度6切北72.立5北2004年北老林女6北行例行7北省來北4來立來不力理論論理念不1989年輪不不8說不了殺年理李令省行年數行留()不SARS拉行SARS量來量不CNNSARS不見數CNN數9數CNN北北李李令路留料聯了流浪CNNSARS來3.流度8李1996年不利立落9旅數宅樓數樂MTV52004年流例不流省年暴來不力立療了10不聯2004年北留度裡僚11度流僚不2003年北了立了列例北參留離12參量北1.力北路(14)聯(10)13數SARS離不易數SARS例SARS聯拉不SARS了數量北14力亂量力不北年林10RoyWadia,WHO北聯11‘ChinalearningfromSARS,’byAudraAng,AssociatedPresswriter,Beijing,February2,200412北108留離離13(2003年)北14聯路力6數連不例數15例數更論2.療年例年數不不路理療流療流行3.SARS2003年年度兩16說論來來理療識不不參SARS數不來例流易刺不15北年林聯16兩年北()7聯拉來說更力北更了力來見數不不來(Peters,2000)Sandman力率怒見(hazard)怒(outrage)兩了怒來(Sandman,1994)數來SARS數來說車冷落SARS度切不不更來更不理(2003)SARS1.烈見來烈見怒例聯SARS(Chinesegovernment)SARS(cover-up)索聯北來來說不17SARS(Ilieva,2003)SARS17‘DenyingDisaster,’byTedAnthony,AssociatedPresswriter,Beijing,March27,20038領18領僚2.數療量數易來數數了來(Friedman,1994)例數來例數例數更見省例數更不了例數來不論參193.SARS見匿六來北2021北見來(Walter,Kamrin&Katz,2000)度來留省見數來說力18“SARStestsCommunistruleinChina,”InternationalHeraldTribune,HongKong,April28,200319“SARS—Aspecialreport:OurFuturewithSARS,”GeoffreyA.FowlerinHongKongandBenDolveninShanghai,FarEasternEconomicReview,August21,200320“SARSHubGuangdong’sfour-montlyGDPup12.9percent,”AgenceFrance-Presse,Beijing,May19,2004;SARSonlyatemporarysetbacktoChina’seconomy:economists,AgenceFrance-Presse,Beijing,May14,2004,“EconomistssayimpactofSARSonChineseeconomywillbe‘brief,”BBC,MonitoringAsiaPacific,May14,200421“Expert:ChinaTourismMayonlyreboundfromSARSlate2004,”DowJonesInternationalNews,July15,20039(Peters,1994)怒不不來切Peters不了數料療例路2002年22力不說不SARS不不了例1949年裂見見烈怒SARS了SARS不例北23聯暴度車讀年洛立立22ReutersHealthE-Line,‘ahealthyalternativetotheusuallyskimpytreatmentinthegeneralmedia,’“InChina,SARS’SurvivorsHauntedbyGuilt,IsolatedbyFearfulSociety,”byGadyA.Epstein,TheBaltimoreSun,Beijing,July7,200310來SARS理不SARS度度零錄零零零北SARS呂蓮SARS陸見24SARS立北漏洞不僚了不不索了SARS來不來(2003)25不度不例漏力量不行理(李2003)SARSSARS(34%)SARS(23.46%)類24‘Taiwan-SARSvirus,’byWilliamForeman,AssociatedPresswriter,Taipei,March27,200325SARS92年論聯11(17%)見參(2003)數SARS利度例行論輪爐率(呂2003)2003年SARSSARS度不不來SARS26金2003年SARS度不65%29%17%16%(2003年)來SARS療識不例率(呂2003)不SARS來例來說率不樂說連裡SARS來說率量更律27量留26SARS“Chinacracksdownonhigh-techspreadofSARSrumors,”byJoeMcDonald,AssociatedPresswriter,Beijing,May14,200312暴28了來論SARS兩見數兩僚立行率不僚來不SARS烈更例來說量立行SARS見了SARS烈陸量例路索()SARS索年年數來SARS理兩兩SARSSARS兩SARS領立SARS兩28“NetusetospreadnewsonVirus,”byMichaelJen-SiuinBeijing,SouthChinaMorningPost,May20,200313論度北例量力例北年2003年量六北連SARS兩異識不參(2003)SARS92年論北(2003)SARS理論北(2003年)SARS聯李(2003年11)SARS歷論北呂(2003年11)SARS論北(2003年7)金3514-18WernerJ.SevernandJamesW.Tankard,Jr.(1997).CommunicationTheories:Origins,MethodsandUsesintheMassMedia,(4thed.)pp134-144,LongmanPublishersUSA.Peters,H.(1994).Massmediaasaninformationchannelandpublicarena.InRisk:Health,SafetyandEnvironment.Vol.5,No.3,pp.241-250.14Sandman,P.(1993).Massmediaandenvironmentrisk:SevenPrinciples.(1994).Themedia,riskassessmentandnumbers:Theydon’taddup.(2000).Riskcommunicationbasics.(2003).ThesoundandfuryofSARScoverageinInternationalHeraldTribune,InternationalHeraldTribunecoverageofSARS路北年5年NormanBottorf,聯北年25年TedAnthony,聯北年10年北年8年15