数字电视地面广播系统的定时同步研究与实现

上海交通大学硕士学位论文数字电视地面广播系统的定时同步研究与实现姓名：孔德佳申请学位级别：硕士专业：通信与信息系统指导教师：孙军20051201IIADTBTFPGAADTBTFPGATSIIGardnerPNTURBOABSTRACTIIITHERESEARCHANDIMPLEMENTATIONONTIMINGRECOVERYOFDIGITALTELEVISIONTERRISTRIALBROCASTINGSYSTEMABSTRACTComparedwithtraditionalanalogtelevision,digitaltelevisionbringsusenhancedvideoquality,highertransmissionefficiencyandstrongerinterferenceresistance,whichhavemademanynewservicesavailable.Therearethreetransmissionmeansfortelevision:terrestrial,cableandsatellite.Theuncertaintyofwirelesschannelmakestheterrestrialbroadcastingthemostchallengeable.Therefore,DTVterrestrialbroadcastingtechnologyrepresentsthetrendofwirelessbroadbanddigitalcommunication.Itsuniqueprofitpotentialhasattractedbroadinterest.Currentlyourcountry’sdigitalindustryisatitsinitialstage.TherewillbeanewtransmissionstandardonDTVterrestrialbroadcastingsysteminthenextyear,andADTB-T(AdvancedDigitalTelevisionBroadcasting-Terrestrial)whichismadebySJTUwillleadanimportantroleinit.Digitalmodulationanddemodulationisoneofthemostimportanttechnologiesappliedintransmissionsystems.Inthispaper,wewillseehowthemodulatorworks.,especiallyinhardware.SoitisnecessarytogiveansimpleintroductionaboutFPGAdesign.BasedonthestructureofABSTRACTIIIFPGAchips,themodeloftoptodowndesignisillustrated.ThenwewillgetanoutlineaboutADTB-Tsystem,andtherearemanyuniquefeaturesinthissystem.Asformodulator,itisdifferentfrommodulation,butincludingrandomizer,TPCcoding,interleaverwhichwecalledcoding,andalsosomemodulationworkssuchasmapping,addingpilotandshapefilter.Therearefewsimulationsinthispart.Mostofitfocusesonhowtosolveproblemsofhardwarerealization.Takinganexample,theinterfacebetweenFPGAandotherchipsontheboardisveryimportantinthedesign.Andthemodulator’sstructureincludingafeedbackloopisthe1stimportantideasinthispaper,becauseitgivesmoreconvenienceaboutthechangeofframestructureinthehardwaredesign.ThechannelconditionsofrealtransmissionsystemssuchasDTVterrestrialtransmissionsystemareusuallyverycoarse,sothereceiveristhemostimportant.Aboveallsynchronizationshouldbeconsideredfirst,becausesynchronizationisthefoundationofreceiver.Theotherpartsinthereceiversuchasequalizationandchanneldecodingcannotworkwithoutreliablesynchronization.Thispaperfocusesonthetimingsynchronization(alsocalledtimingrecovery).Itisrelatedtothesampleclockwhichcanconvertthesignalfromanalogtodigital.Beforediscussthealgorismoftimingrecovery,wegiveanintroductionofPLLwhichisthebasetheoryinsynchronization.Inalldigitalreceivers,interpolatoriseasytobeusedanditcanmakethetimingrecoverysosimplethatweABSTRACTIIIonlyneedsomeadder.Thewaytosimplifytheinterpolatorisanimportantworkinthispaper.TimingrecoveryusinginterpolatorisinvestedbyF.M.Gardner,butitisunsatisfiedfortheDTVterrestrialtransmissionbecauseofthemuti-path.SoanefficientwayoftimingrecoverybyusingPNcorrelationisappliedinthesystemandgetsgoodperformance.Finally,wenotonlypresentthesimulationsofsoftware,butalsohardware,whichconformitscorrectnessandstrongreliability.Ofcourse,itisthemostimportantworkinthispaper.KEYWORDS:digitaltelevision,terrestrialbroadcasting,FPGA,modulator,TS,interleaver,TPC,timingrecovery,TEDIADTB-TAdvancedDigitalTelevisionBroadcasting-TerrestrialAGCAutomatedGainControlASICApplicationSpecificIntegratedChipATSCAdvancedTelevisionSystemCommitteeBBBaseBandBPSKBinaryPhaseShiftKeyingBWBandWidthCADComputerAidedDesignDVBDigitalVideoBroadcastingDVB-TDigitalVideoBraodcastingforTerrestrialchannelDMB-TDigitalMultimediaBroadcastingforTerrestrialEDAElectronicDesignAutomationESDAElectronicSystemDesignAutomationFECForwardErrorCorrectionFIRFiniteImpulseResponseFPGAFieldProgrammableGateArrayMFMatchFilterMPEGMovePictureExpertGroupMUXMultiplexerPRBSPseudoRandomBinarySequencePLDProgrammableLogicDeviceQAMQuadratureAmplitudeModulationRFRadioFrequencyRTLRegisterTransferLevelSTBSet-TopBoxTEDTimingErrorDetectTSTransportStream:20061200611920061191113HDTVHighDefinitionTelevisionHDTVHDTV12AnalogTV11Fig1.1ReceptionperformanceofanalogTelevision213DigitalTV2015/123//3VideoSubsystemAudioSubsystemVideoSourceCodingAudioSourceCodingServiceMultiplexandTransportServiceMultiplexTransportRF/TransmissionSystemChannelCodingModulationVideoAudioAncillaryDataControlData12Fig1.2DTVsystemblockdiagram“”MPEG-2AC3MPEG-1Layer2“”“”“”ATSCDVB-TISDB-TATSC8VSB[14]DVB-TISDB-4TATSCDVBISDBATSCDVB-TDVB-T[20]141989HDTV(HDTV)”HDTVHDTVHDTVHDTV(HDTV)HDTVHDTVMPEG-2HDTV”19931995HDTV”HDTV”,HDTV”HDTV”19961998HDTVHDTV9898HDTV1999101HDTV98905HDTVAdvancedDigitalTelevisionBroadcastingSystemTerrestrialADTBTDigitalMultimediaBroadcastingforTerrestrialDMBTADTBTATSCDVBT15200376ADTBTFPGA20082015FPGA7FPGA21DSMDeepSub-MicronVDSMVeryDeepSub-Micron3G1G1GHz1GbpsEDAElectronicDesignAutomationEDAFPGAFieldProgrammableGateArray21FPGAEDACADComputerAidedDesignCAMComputerAidedMadeCATComputerAidedTestCAEComputerAidedEngineeringEDAICPCBFPGA8EDAPARPlaceAndRouteEDAConcurrentEngineeringTop-downBehaviourDescriptionRTLRegisterTransferLevelLogicSynthesisPLDProgrammableLogicDeviceASICApplicationSpecificIntegratedCircuitFPGACPLDProgrammableLogicDevicePLDFPGAXil