数字电视条件接收系统原理研究与工程实践

华中科技大学硕士学位论文数字电视条件接收系统原理研究与工程实践姓名：段先德申请学位级别：硕士专业：通信与信息系统指导教师：王宏远20050509IInternetDVB-CDESRSAIIAbstractPay-TVanddatabroadcastingareconsideredtobethefuturedirectionandmomentumofTVbroadcastingnetworks.ButcontrollableandpayableserviceisthebasicqualificationtodeveloppayTVanddatabroadcastingbusiness.InordertodevelopTVbusinesswell,wemustfetchinthecondtionalaccesssystem(CAS),Intheotherhand,CASisalsoanimportantpartofintegratedusingofdigitalTV,forexample,VideoonDemandbusiness,electronicscommercebusiness,Internetconnectbusinessalsoneedchargecountingandmanagement.SoCAShasbecometobearesearchanddevelopmenthotspotinmanyacademeandcompaniesinTVfields.ThethesismainlystudiesthebasicprincipleofCASanditsimplementationofonDVB-CSetTopBox(STB).ThedevelopinghistoryofCASanditscurrentsituationareintroducedfirstly.ThensomeCASrelatedinternationalstandardsandChinesenationalstandardsarebrieflydescribed,andsmartcardcommunicationprotocol,encryptionarithmeticslikeDESandRSAaresimplyintroduced.ThentheframeworkandworkmechanismoftheCASareanalysed,andtheencryptionanddecryptionprocedureofCASarediscussed,too.Especially,somekeytechnologiesinCASaredescribledthrouthly,suchasthekeydistributionandmanagementtechnology,theentitlementcontrolmessage(ECM)andentitlementmanagementmessage(EMM)generationandpluggingtechnology,theApplicationofICcardtechnology.Astheprojectinstance,thethesisintroducesthedesignandimplementationofChinaCrypt’sCASontheDVB-CSTBbasedontheQAMi5516platform,anddetailedlydescribeseachmoduleofthesoftwaresystem,andmentionssomedifficultiesandtheirsettlementsinthedevelopment.Finally,thethesisgivesacommenttothesecurityoftheCAS.Bytheendofthisthesis,theauthorforecaststhefutureCAStechnologywillbemoreflexible,exotericandsecurer.FurthermorethethesisdescribestheroughframeworkofRemovable-Cardtechnologywhichhasreceivedagreatattention.Keywords:DTV,ConditionalAccess,STB,SmartCard,Encryption,Scramble,ECM,EMMI££111-1[1]1Gbit/sQAMCOFDMPAL2/VOD(VideoonDemand)EPG(ElectronicProgramGuide)(databroadcasting)[2]86-8DVDCD1695.13//FreeTVPayTV[3]=+4150(ConditionalAccess,CA)[4]CA[6]entitlementcontrolmessage,ECMentitlementmanagementmessage,EMMECMEMM5///[5][5]6().(IPPV)DVDInternet7CA1-1CA8910[7]QAMi5516DVB11DVBDVB-CQAMi5516122[8][9]13MUXEMMG1EMMG2ECMG1ECMG2SCSCW/[11][12]1415[13]16[14][20]CAS[15]GY/Z175SIECMEMMCAECMEMMCACAS172-2220x00000xFFFF0x00000xFFFF2-32-418.:1;2;3()GB/T16649;192-5()2-6530()20IntelligenceCardICsmartcard2-32-4EEPROMMaskedROMRAMDataResetClockVcppGnd1MaskedROMhousekeeper2EEPROM3RAM2-421[16]22[17]23KDESDataEncryptionStandard24(_)_fPlaintextKeyCiphertext+=Plain_textKeyfCipher_textDESDESXYKM=64N=64K=64M=NDESpermutatiosubstitutionDES2DES2-5[18]DESDES2-5EDSRSARSAR.RivestA.ShamiL.Adleman1977RSARSA/2-6[18]RSARSA2-6RSAARSAKeyKey25NPNSSNPSPNRSAN517Mod5253151715241XYXYNN=XYPSMod[(X1)(Y1)]1P[(X-1)(Y-1)+1]/SP()PModN()SModNNXYPS3002004billion5001025N47793113P[(471)(791)1]9737AT126AT12037120Mod37131404971404Mod3713120RSARSA384512102420482-726[19]CWDESCWRSADESRSA273[21]28[22]2930CWGACGCWGCSCEISPSIGMUXCMUXSMSSASEMMGOESVideoServerIASUNIUICVAM/[5]31[23](1);(2)(Pay–PerView,PPV)(3)(ImpulsePPV,IPPV)MPEG-2DVBECMEMMDVBECMEMMICIC32ICICIPPVIPPV(1)33(2)(3)(IPPV)(4)[24]34[25][26]35CWECMEMM//ECMEMMCWSKPDKCW[27](1)(2)36[28][34]37[29](1)38(2)[30][31]39(1)40(2)[32]41TMSMAMFM[33]424DVB-CSetTopBoxSTB()CATVWebCAS[35](1)43(2)4-1(3)[36][37][38][39](4)44(5)[40]45STLite/OS20STLite/OS20STST20ST20ST20ST20STLite/OS20STLite/OS20STLite/OS20STLite/OS20[42]GUISTLite/OS20[41](1)STLite/OS20ST20(2)16STLite/OS2016(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)STLite/OS20(8)(Contextswitch)6(9)STLite/OS20ST20STLite/OS20STLite/OS20STLite/OS20Name_create()Name_init()NameName_create()STLite/OS20Name_init()46[42][41]QAMi5516demo[43](1)47(2)(3)48ECMDDGSASEMMSASEMMTRDTOKENMUX4-4[44]QAMECMEMMEPGModemICCATV49[45][46]CAlibOSSCFlashDSCDEMUXPSIINITOSDRTOS50SmartcardTaskOSInterfaceEMMTaskECMTaskSCInfoTaskParseECMTableParseEMMTableParseCATParsePMTSCInterfaceDscInterfaceOSDInterfaceFLASHInterfaceCA51(1)52[47]STLite/OS20API4.3(2)[54](3)[48][49]53CATCATCACASEMM_PIDEMMEMM54TSPATPATTSNITProgramTSPATECMCA_DescriptorECM_PID55(4)[50]56(5)(6)CASFlahOSPSIOSDCAPATCAS57(7)(8)libQAMi5516libchinacrypt_ca.libchinacrypt_rsa.libmakefilebugCAS(1)58(2)59(1)ATRATRtimeoutICATRATR0x3B0x780x120x000x000xE70xF80x190x8F0xF10x900x00ATR[51]TST0TA1TB1TC1TD1TA2TB2TC2TD2TA3…T1TKTCKTA10x12F1372D2baudrate3.57012Mhz37221920019200ATR96009600(2)ECMCACACAECM60ECMCAECM3CACA[52]OSCA2CACA(1)(2)(3)61[53]625[55](1)(2)(3)63[56]CPUCPUTSTSCIA/VCA64[57]656666799200546869DVBPOD200414[22]Angebaud,D.,Giachetti,J.-L..Conditionalaccessmechanismsforall-digitalbroadcastsignalsConsumerElectronics,IEEETransactionson,Volume:38,Issue:3,Aug1992.188194.[23][24]2004198182[25]MarkusG.Kuhn.Tv-Cryptterminologyandintroductoryliterature.UniversityofCambridge.,~mgk25/tvcrypt/terminology.txt[26]DVB2004291101103[27]B.M.MacqandJ.J.Quisquater,CryptologyfordigitalTvbroadcasting,ProceedingsoftheIEEE,Vol.83,No.6,pp.944-957,June1995.[28]F.K.Tu,C.S.Laih,andH.H.Tung,Onkeydistributionmanagementforcond