状语从句(一).原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的,引导这类从句的最常用的连词是because,since,as,nowthat(既然)等,for表示因果关系时(它引导的不是从句)为并列连词,语气不如because强。e.g.Heisdisappointedbecausehedidn'tgettheposition.Asitisraining,Iwillnotgoout.Nowthatyoumentionit,Idoremember.注意,because,so不能同时使用(二)地点状语从句引导地点状语从句的连词是where和wherever等。e.g.Sitwhereveryoulike.Makeamarkwhereyouhaveaquestion.(三)目的状语从句引导目的状语从句最常用的词(组)是so,sothat(从句谓语常有情态动词),inorderthat,incase(以防,以免)等。e.g.Speakclearly,sothattheymayunderstandyou.ShehasboughtthebookinorderthatshecouldfollowtheTVlessons.Heleftearlyincaseheshouldmissthetrain.(四)结果状语从句结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句,通常主句是原因,从句是结果。由sothat(从句谓语一般没有情态动词),so…that,such…that等引导。e.g.1.Shewasill,sothatshedidn’tattendthemeeting.2.Hewassoexcitedthathecouldnotsayaword.3.Sheissuchagoodteacherthateveryoneadmiresher.(七)让步状语从句让步状语从句可由although,though,as,evenif(though),however,whatever,whether…or,nomatterwho(when,what,…)等引导。注意:as引导的让步状语从句一般是倒装的。e.g.Thoughheisachild,heknowsalot.Childasheis,heknowsalot.Whatever(=Nomatterwhat)yousay,I’llneverchangemymind.(五)方式状语从句方式状语从句常由as,asif(though),evenif(though)等引导。e.g.YoumustdotheexerciseasIshowyou.Heactedasifnothinghadhappened.(六)比较状语从句比较状语从句常用than,so(as)…as,themore…themore等引导。e.g.Ihavemadealotmoremistakesthanyouhave.Hesmokescigarettesasexpensiveashecanafford.Thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.(七)条件状语从句条件状语从句分真实性(有可能实现的事情)与非真实性(条件与事实相反或者在说话者看来不大可能实现的事情)条件句。引导条件状语从句的词(组)主要有if,unless,so(as)longas,(只要)so(as)faras(正如…)。注意:条件从句中的if不能用whether替换。if引导的条件状语从句结构:if+一般现在时,主语+将来时含义:如果……,将要……例如:如果你请求他,他会帮助你。Ifyouaskhim,hewillhelpyou.如果需要,我们就干个通宵。Ifneedbe,we’llworkallnight.Ifheisnotintheoffice,hemustbeoutforlunch.Youmayborrowthebooksolongasyoukeepitclean.SofarasIknow(据我所知),hewillbeawayforthreemonths.Youcangoswimmingunlessyougotoofarawayfromtheriverbank.Ifhehadcomeafewminutesearlier,hecouldhaveseenher★★练一练★★根据中文提示,完成句子。1.如果你参加聚会,你将会过得很开心。Ifyou________theparty,you__________.2.如果明天下雨,我们将不去野餐。Ifit__________tomorrow,we___________.3.如果你经常听英文歌,你将会喜欢英语的。Ifyouoften________,you_________________.一.选择填空。()1.Beijingwonthechances_________the2008Olympics.A.tohostB.hostC.hostingD.hosted()2.TigerWoodscanmakebillions______dollarsayear.A.forB.withC.ofD.on()3.-Youlookedsobeautifulattheparty.-_______.A.No,Idon’tthinksoB.OfcourseC.ThankyouverymuchD.No,I’mnotbeautiful()4.Thetextisveryeasyforyou.Thereare______newwordsinit.A.afewB.alittleC.fewD.little()5.Inthebookshop,areaderaskedtheshopkeeper________“WhoMovedMycheese”wasaninterestingbook.A.thatB.whatC.howD.if()6.-InourEnglishstudyreadingismoreinterestingthanspeaking,Ithink.-Idon’tagree.Speakingis_______reading.A.asimportantasB.soimportantasC.themoreimportantD.themostimportant()7.Ifhe________harder,he’llcatchupwithus.A.workB.worksC.workedD.willwork()8.Themanager________thatthebusinesswouldbeworseafterthestock(股票)wentdown.A.talkedB.toldC.saidD.spoke()9.Weshouldkeep_________inthereading-room.A.quietB.quietlyC.quiteD.quickly()10.-Ithinkeverythinggoesonwell.-_______.A.SoIdoB.IdosoC.SodoID.SoisI()11.IfyouwanttowatchTV,youmayturn_______.A.downB.itonC.onitD.itoff()12.I’msorryIhaven’tgotanymoney.I’ve________myhandbagathome.A.missedB.leftC.putD.forgotten()13.Heislisteningtothemusic_______sheiswashingclothes.A.afterB.beforeC.thatD.while()14.Ittakes________timetogotoBeijingbyplanethanbytrain.A.moreB.fewerC.longerD.less()15.-Excuseme.Haveyougotaneraser?-Sorry,Ihaven’t.Why_______youaskMary?Perhapsshe’sgotone.A.doB.don’tC.didD.didn’t二.根据汉语提示填空:1.不知道该怎么办,你能给我点建议吗?Idon’tknow__________todo,canyougivemesome_______?2.外星人正在买纪念品的时候,我给警察打了个电话。Whilethealienwas_______asouvenir,I________thepolice.3.我放学回家的路上,看见一只猫从窗户里跑了出来。Onmywayhomefromschool,Isawacatget_______________awindow.4.我不想在电话里跟你谈论这件事情。Idon’twanttotalk_________itwithyou_________thephone.5.我们要在周五晚上为约翰举办一个惊喜的晚会。Wearegoingtohavea_______partyforJohn________Fridayevening..(八)时间状句1.由when,while,as,引导的时间状句Whenyouthinkyouknownothing,thenyoubegintoknowsomething.当你以为自己一无所知的时候,你就是在开始知道一些事物了2.由before和after引导的时间状语从句。注意before引导的从句不再用否定式的谓语,并且当before引导的从句位于主句之后,有时译成“就,才”。还要注意主句和从句之间的时间关系。当主句用将来时,从句总是用现在时;如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时,则主句动词多用过去完成时,这样以便体现动作发生的先后。After表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。主句和从句的动作的时间关系正好与before引导的从句相反。例如:Itwillbefourdaysbeforetheycomeback.他们要过四天才能回来。Einsteinalmostknockedmedownbeforehesawme.爱因斯坦几乎把我撞倒才看到我。3.由till或until引导的时间状语从句。till和until一般情况下两者可以互换,但是在强调句型中多用until。并且要注意的是:如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时,必须用否定形式;如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时,用肯定或否定形式都可以,但表达的意思不同。till不可以用在句首,而until可以放在句首。例如:Ididn'tgotobeduntil(till)myfathercameback.直到我父亲回来我才上床睡觉。4.由since引导的时间状语从句。since引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词,又可以是瞬时动词。一般情况下,从句谓语动词用一般过去时,而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。但在Itis+时间+since从句的句型中,主句多用一般现在时。例如:IhavebeeninBeijingsinceyouleft.自从你离开以来,我一直在北京了5.由assoonas,,引导的时间状语从句。这些连词都表示“一……就”。例如:IwillgothereassoonasIhavefinishedmybreakfast.吃完早饭,我立即到那里去。AssoonasIreachCanada,Iwillringyouup.我一到加拿大,就给你来电话。6.由bythetime引导的时间状语从句。注意时态的变化:在一般情况下,如果从句的谓语动词用一般过去时,主句的谓语动词用过去完成时;如果从句的谓语动词用一般现在时,主句的谓语动词用将来完成时。例如:Bythetimeyoucameback,Ihadfinishedthisbook.到你回来时,我已经写完这本书了。Bythetimeyoucomeheretomorrow,Iwillhavefinishedthiswork.你明天来这儿的时候,我将已经完成此工作了。7.由eachtime,everytime和whenever引导的时间状语从句。例如:Eachtimehecameto