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333(),,1,,,,,,,,JISB8284-1993(1a)(1b):,,;333,,1976,,310027(a)(b)1,,,;,,,,:,,,,;,,81©1995-2003TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.;,,,22:;,;(),2123P456789[1],,,,,,[2],[3],,,,:(1),;(2),,,;(3);(4),,t,,14ni(i=1,2,,14)211(ÉÊË),33(É),,MÉQÉFÉ,4,FÉ=D2iP8R1(1)MÉ=MA-QAT12-FD12+Dm(2)912142000©1995-2003TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.4QÉ=QA+PDiT12R1(3)F=PD2iPö4P(Di+2D1+2Dm)=D2iP4(Di+2n1t+2n2t)(4)MÉ,AHAÉHAÉ=12MÉR1ET31lnR1+D1ö2R1-D1ö2(5)AwAÉMÉQÉFÉ:wAÉ=wMAÉ+wQAÉ+wFAÉ=-T12HAÉ+R21QÉET1D1-TFÉED1(6)(Ê),,FÉFÊ,MÊQÊFÊ=D2iP8R2(7)MÊ=1R2(R3MB-R1MA)-T22R2(R3QB+R1QA)(8)QÊ=1R2PDiT22+R3QB-R1QA(9)ABHAÊHBÊHAÊ=HBÊ=12MÊR2ET32lnR2+D2ö2R2-D2ö2(10)ABwAÊwBÊwAÊ=T22HAÊ+R22QÊET2D2-TFÊED2(11)wBÊ=-T22HBÊ+R22QÊET2D2-TFÊED2(12)(Ë)FË=D2iP8R3(13)BwBË=wF+PBË+wMBË+wQBË(14)HBË=HMBË+HQBË(15)PwF+PBË=PR232ED3(2-T)(16)[1],MBQB,TPK1(K1=3(1-T2)R23D2314),MBQBwMBË+wQBË=-MB2K21D1-QB2K31D1(17)HMBË+HQBË=-MBK1D1-QB2K21D1(18)D1=ED3312(1-v2)HBË=-MBK1D1-QB2K21D1(19)wBË=PR232ED3(2-T)-MB2K21D1-QB2K31D1(20):HAÉ=HAÊwAÉ=wAÊHBÊ=HBËwBÊ=wBË(21),:02©1995-2003TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.a11a12a13a14a21a22a23a24a31a32a33a34a41a42a43a44MAQAMBQB=b1b2b3b4(22)MAQAMBQBaij[4]212(ÌÍÎÏ,,[7]),55:HCÌ=HCÍwCÌ=wCÍHDÍ=HDÎwDÍ=wDÎHEÎ=HEÏwEÎ=wEÏ(23):A11A12A13A14A15A16A21A22A23A24A25A26A31A32A33A34A35A36A41A42A43A44A45A46A51A52A53A54A55A56A61A62A63A64A65A66MCQCMDQDMEQE=B1B2B3B4B5B6(24)MCQCMDQDMEQE213,,66331177(1)AS1MA,122142000©1995-2003TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,115,S1=RmA+RbA=D2iP8R1D1+6ûMAûD21115[R]t(25)S2,,115,018,S2=115ûQAûD1018[R]t(26)(2)BS3:S3=RmB+RbB=D2iP8R2D2+6ûMBûD22115[R]t(27)S4:S4=115ûQBûD2018[R]t(28)(3),F,S5F,,,(n)S5=6FDmnLc(n3t)2f16P4D2iPn2tP(Diö2+n1t)n3t2f1=115D2iPn2(Diö2+n1t)n23tf1[R]t(29)S6F115,018,S6=115FnLcn3tf1=115P4D2iPP(Diö2+n1t)n3tf1=38D2iP(Diö2+n1t)n3tf1018[R]t(30)(4)S7FS,116,(r1r2)S7=FnLc(D1-D2)ö2f1=PD2iP2nLc(D1-D2)f1=D2iP4(Diö2+n1t)(n2t-r1-r2)f1116[R]t(31)31288(1)CS8115,S8=RmC+RbC=D2iP8R4D4+6ûMCûD24115[R]t(32)S9,115,018,S9=115ûQCûD4018[R]t(33)(2)DS10:S10=RmD+RbD=D2iP8R5D5+6ûMDûD25115[R]t(34)S11:S11=115ûQDûD5018[R]t(35)(3)ES12:S12=RmE+RbE=D2iP8R6D6+6ûMEûD26115[R]t(36)S13:S13=115ûQEûD6018[R]t(37)22©1995-2003TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.(4),S14,S14=6FDmnLc(n8t)2f16P4D2iPn7tP(Diö2+n6t)n8t2f1=115D2iPn7(Diö2+n6t)n28tf1[R]t(38)S15F115,018,S15=115FnLcn8tf1=115P4D2iPP(Diö2+n6t)n8tf1=38D2iP(Diö2+n6t)n8tf1018[R]t(39)(5)S16116,S16=FnLc(D1-D2)ö2f1=PD2iP2nLc(D1-D2)f1=D2iP4(Diö2+n6t)(n7t-r1-r2)f1116[R]t(40)31399(1)FFS17:S17=RmF+RbF=D2iP8R8D8+6ûMFûD28=D2iP4(D3+n12t)n12t+115D2iPn13(D3-2n14t)n212t115[R]t(41)(2)4,,,[10],,()(),()(),[10],ABCDES2S4S9S11S13,,S1S3S8S10S12121n1n2n4n5tmmS1S3:,2n6n7n9n10n11tmmS8S10S12:,(1)t,tDiP[R]t,t(2)n1t(n6t)322142000©1995-2003TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,,(3)n4t(n9t)(4)n5t(n10t),,,(5)n11,S10,,,n115,,511:n2t(n7t)n3t(n8t)LcLpc(1)n2t(n7t)n3t(n8t),,,,,,,,n2=n7n3=n8(42)(31)n2t,n1t,tn2=n7D2iP614[R]t(Diö2+t)tf1+r1+r2t(43)(29)(30)n3t,n1ttn3=n8max115D2iPn2[R]t(Diö2+t)tf13614D2iP[R]t(Diö2+t)tf1(44)(2)LcLpc,f1[9],,,;,,,,,,,150200mm512(1)GB150-199813,n5=3(n1-1)(45)(2)2,S1S3115[R]tn1n4[10],n1n4(011),S1S3115[R]t,,513(1),42©1995-2003TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.13,n10=3(n6-1)(46)(2)JBöT4737-95,tn11;(3)n6n9n1n4,n6=n1=max{n1,n6}514(1),n2=n7=n13n3=n8=n14(2)(41):n12D2iP[R]tt16D3+n13D3-2n13t(47)515,,,36611,3,:110MPa,1600mm,3,,,,,1,2,10(a)(b),,,34,10(c)(d)24(3),1ö48,,3DNmmn1(n6)n4n5(n10)n9n11n2(n7)n3(n8)n12tmmPN=1MPa80021031531071531112119212114810002103103108104101511721011210120021031031071531318116119112121400210510310915313211172121141216002155154151115313241182141171218002155104151010219271172131161420002154154159102153011621211516PN=116MPa8002103103106153131211621011212100021051031012103131511821411712120021051031011152191811721411714140021561041515102192111921721114160021551541514102152411821621016180021551541512152122711821621018200021551541513102153011721611920PN=215MPa80021541541512103131221121821312100021551541512102191521121921514120031061561014102191821331431314140031071061015102152121331431416160021561541513102152421031121820180021571041512152132721031121822200021571541512152113021031221824:;,16Mn,16MnR61261211(1),10%,3%(2)(Rz)m,5%(3)a-ac-c(Rz)b,5%522142000©1995-2003TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.(a)1(b)2(c)3(d)410(4)b-bd-d(Rz)b40%,(5),T4(n9t)T4,,,b-ba-a,4(),T4(n9t)138mm7715mm,T456%,T144%61212(1),3%(2)a-ab-b,,a-a23%,b-b12%(3),,;,a-ab-b,,613,,,,:(1)PL,PL78%;Pm+Pb,Pm+Pb5%,,,(2)PL38%;Pm+Pb69%,614,:(1),,(2);,62©1995-2003TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,(3)7(1),,(2),,(3),,,(4),,,;1LE,EH..,.:,1964.2,..:,1997.3.:[].:,1998.4.:[].:,2000.5CoatesWM,etal.Thestateofstressinfullheadsofpressurevessels.TransactionsoftheASME,1930:1171316JISB828419937,,.JISB8284(1,2,3).,1994,32(4):1827;32(5):3641;32(6):31368,..,1986,3(4):41449..,1989,6(3):525710,..:,1993.(:2000206211)3(),,,1,(1)3,,19686,,244000,UGB150-89(),,,,722142000©1995-2003TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.