北京交通大学毕业设计(论文)中文摘要摘要交通延误是评价道路运行效率和服务水平的重要度量,它不仅反映了司机不舒适性、受阻程度、油耗和行驶时间的损失,还反映了道路设计和交叉口信号控制方案设计的合理性。因此,延误分析对评价道路服务水平、交叉口信控方案设计有着很大的意义。本论文针对道路交通延误计算问题进行了研究,包括交叉口延误和路段延误。首先论述了交通延误的各种概念,然后探讨了各种情况下道路交通延误的计算方法,并结合方法给出了具体实例分析,最后在此基础上还阐述了道路服务水平的评价方法。具体地说,本文内容共由七部分组成。第一部分为绪论,简要地提出了问题,并说明了本论文研究的目的和意义。第二部分主要对交通延误的常用概念和影响因素作了简要介绍,并介绍了延误的研究状况和目前所存在的一些问题。第三部分对交叉口延误的计算作了概述,分析了车头时距分布,并分别对无信号交叉口和信号交叉口的延误计算方法作了详细论述,这一部分是本篇论文的重点。第四部分针对交叉口的延误计算做了实例分析,并对部分方法提出了改进方案。第五部分对路段延误的计算方法作了详细论述,并结合实例进行了计算分析。第六部分通过前面延误的分析讨论了道路服务水平的评价方法。第七部分为结束语,对本文的研究成果和不足之处作了最后的总结。关键词:交通延误;延误计算;车头时距;服务水平北京交通大学毕业设计(论文)外文摘要AbstractTrafficdelayisthemeasurementonestimatingroadefficiencyandservicelevel,whichnotonlyreflectsunconformityofdrivers,blocklevel,oillosing,andtimelosing,butalsoreflectstherationalityofthetrafficandsignaldesign.Therefore,trafficdelayanalysisisofgreatimportancetotheestimateofroadservicelevelandtrafficsignaldesign.Thisstudyisaimedattheaccountoftrafficdelay,whichincludesroaddelayandintersectiondelay.Thisstudyfirstlydiscusseskindsoftrafficdelayconcept,secondlydiscussestheaccountmeansoftrafficdelayindifferentconditions,thirdlygivessomeexamplesoftrafficdelayaccount,andfinallyexpatiatesthemeansofroadserviceestimate.Indetail,thisstudyconsistsofsevenchapters.Thefirstchapterputsoutthequestioninbrief,andexplainsthepurposeandsignificanceofthestudy.Thesecondchaptersimplyintroducessomeconceptsandinfluencefactorsoftrafficdelay,showsthegeneralsituationandsomeproblemsoftrafficdelayresearch.Thethirdchapter,whichisthecoreofthisstudy,givesabriefintroductionoftheaccountoftrafficdelay,analysesthevehicletimegapdistribution,andexpatiatesthedelayaccountmeansofintersectionwithandwithouttrafficsignal.Thefourthchaptergivessomeexampleofintersectiondelay,andimprovessomemeans.Thefifthchapterexpatiatestheaccountmeansofroaddelay,andgivessomeexamples.Thesixthchapterexplainsthemeansofroadserviceestimatebasedontheanalysisofdelayabove.Andtheseventhchapteristheendofthestudy,whichexplainsthevalueanddeficiencyofthestudy,andsumsuptheeffectonmyself.KeyWords:Trafficdelay;Delayaccount;Vehicletimegap;Servicelevel北京交通大学毕业设计(论文)目录目录第一章绪论....................................................................................11.1问题的提出..........................................................................................11.2本文研究的目的和意义......................................................................21.3论文的内容安排..................................................................................2第二章交通延误概述..................................................................32.1交通延误的基本定义..........................................................................32.2交通延误的影响因素..........................................................................52.3延误研究的现状及趋势......................................................................52.4目前延误研究存在的问题..................................................................6第三章交叉口延误计算................................................................83.1交叉口延误计算概述..........................................................................83.2车辆到达率和车头时距分布分析......................................................93.2.1到达率服从Poisson分布的车头时距分析...........................93.2.2到达率服从负二项分布的车头时距分析............................103.3无信号交叉口延误计算.....................................................................113.3.1无信号交叉口延误概述.........................................................113.3.2无信号十字交叉口延误计算.................................................113.3.3无信号环形交叉口延误计算................................................153.4信号交叉口延误计算........................................................................203.4.1传统数学模型法....................................................................20北京交通大学毕业设计(论文)目录3.4.2实地观测法............................................................................233.4.3路口拓宽条件下的延误计算................................................263.4.4交叉口设有左转信号灯的延误计算....................................31第四章交叉口延误计算实例分析与方法改进.........................374.1点样本法的实例计算与方法改进....................................................374.1.1实例分析................................................................................374.1.2点样本法的评价....................................................................384.1.3点样本法改进........................................................................394.1.4结论........................................................................................404.2路口拓宽条件下延误计算方法改进和实例....................................414.2.1改进方法................................................................................414.2.2改进方法实例分析................................................................42第五章路段延误计算与实例分析..............................................455.1输入输出法概述................................................................................455.2实例分析............................................................................................465.3输入输出法的评价............................................................................49第六章道路服务水平的评价.......................................