SleepmedicationlinkedtobizarrebehaviourNewevidencehaslinkedacommonlyprescribedsleepmedicationwithbizarrebehaviours,includingacaseinwhichawomanpaintedherfrontdoorinhersleep.UKandAustralianhealthagencieshavereleasedinformationabout240casesofoddoccurrences,includingsleepwalking,amnesiaandhallucinationsamongpeopletakingthedrugzolpidem.Whiledoctorssaythatzolpidemcanoffermuch-neededreliefforpeoplewithsleepdisorders,theycautionthatthesenewlyreportedcasesshouldpromptacloserlookatitspossiblesideeffects.Zolpidem,soldunderthebrandnamesAmbien,StilnoctandStilnox,iswidelyprescribedtotreatinsomniaandotherdisorderssuchassleepapnea.Variousformsofthedrug,madebyFrenchpharmaceuticalgiantSanofi-Aventis,wereprescribed674,500timesin2005intheUK.AnewlypublishedreportfromAustralia’sFederalHealthDepartmentdescribes104casesofhallucinationsand62casesofamnesiaexperiencedbypeopletakingzolpidemsincemarketingofthedrugbegantherein2000.Thehealthdepartmentreportalsomentioned16casesofstrangesleepwalkingbypeopletakingthemedication.MidnightsnackInoneofthesesleepwalkingcasesapatientwokewithapaintbrushinherhandafterpaintingthefrontdoortoherhouse.Anothercaseinvolvedawomanwhogained23kilogramsoversevenmonthswhiletakingzolpidem.“Itwasonlywhenshewasdiscoveredinfrontofanopenrefrigeratorwhileasleepthattheproblemwasresolved,”accordingtothereport.TheUK’sMedicinesandHealthcareproductsRegulatoryAgency,meanwhile,hasrecorded68casesofadversereactionstozolpidemfrom2001to2005.ThenewlyreportedcasesintheUKandAustraliaaddtoagrowinglistofbizarresleepwalkingepisodeslinkedtothedruginothercountries,includingreportsofpeoplesleep-drivingwhileonthemedication.Inonecase,atransatlanticflighthadtobedivertedafterapassengercausedhavocaftertakingzolpidem.HypnoticeffectsThereisnobiologicalpathwaythathasbeenproventoconnectzolpidemwiththesebehaviours.Thedrugisabenzodiazepine-likehypnoticthatpromotesdeepsleepbyinteractingwithbrainreceptorsforachemicalcalledgamma-aminobutyricacid.Whilepartsofthebrainbecomelessactiveduringdeepsleep,thebodycanstillmove,makingsleepwalkingapossibility.Theproductinformationforprescribersadvisesthatpsychiatricadverseeffects,includinghallucinations,sleepwalkingandnightmares,aremorelikelyintheelderly,andtreatmentshouldbestoppediftheyoccur.Patientadvocacygroupssaytheywouldlikegovernmenthealthagenciesanddrugcompaniestotakeacloserlookatthepossiblerisksassociatedwithsleepmedicines.Theystressthatstrangesleepwalkingandsleep-drivingbehaviourscanhaveriskyconsequences.“Whenpeopledosomethinginwhichthey’renotinfullcontrolit’salwaysadanger,”saysVeraSharavoftheNewYork-basedAllianceforHumanResearchProtection,aUSnetworkthatadvocatesresponsibleandethicalmedicalresearchpractices.Triedandtested“Themorereportsthatcomeoutaboutthepotentialsideeffectsofthedrug,themoreresearchneedstobedonetounderstandifthesearerealsideeffects,”sayssleepresearcherKennethWrightattheUniversityofColoradoinBoulder,US.Millionsofpeoplehavetakenthedrugwithoutexperiencinganystrangesideeffects,pointsoutRichardMillmanatBrownMedicalSchool,directoroftheSleepDisordersCenterofLifespanHospitalsinProvidence,RhodeIsland,US.Hesaysthatunlikeoldertypesofsleepmedications,zolpidemdoesnotcarryasgreatariskofaddiction.AndWrightnotesthatsomeofthereportsof“sleep-driving”linkedtozolpidemcanbeeasilyexplained:somepatientshavewronglytakenthedrugrightbeforeleavingworkinhopesthatthemedicinewillkickinbythetimetheyreachhome.Doctorsstressthatthemedicationshouldbetakenjustbeforegoingtobed.TheUSFood&DrugAdministrationsaysitiscontinuingtoactivelyinvestigateandcollectinformationaboutcaseslinkingzolpidemtounusualsideeffects.TheAmbienlabelcurrentlylistsstrangebehaviourasa“specialconcern”forpeopletakingthedrug.“It’sapossiblerareadverseevent,”saysSanofi-AventisspokespersonMelissaFeltmann,addingthatthestrangesleepwalkingbehaviours“maynotnecessarilybecausedbythedrug”butinsteadresultfromanunderlyingdisorder.Shesaysthat“thesafetyprofile[ofzolpidem]iswellestablished”.ThedrugreceivedapprovalintheUSin1993.Questions1-6Dothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationgiveninthereadingpassage?Inboxes1-6onyouranswersheetwriteTRUEifthestatementistrueaccordingtothepassageFALSEifthestatementisfalseaccordingtothepassageNOTGIVENiftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage1.Ambien,StilnoctandStilnoxarebrandnamesofonesamedrugtreatinginsomnia.2.Thewoman’sobesityproblemwasn’tresolveduntilshestoppedtakingzolpidem.3.ZolpidemreceivedapprovalintheUKin2001.4.ThebizarrebehaviourofapassengeraftertakingzolpidemresultedinthediversionofaflightboundfortheothersideoftheAtlantic.5.Zolpidemistheonlysleepmedicationthatdoesn’tcauseaddiction.6.Thesleep-drivingoccurrenceresultedfromthewronguseofzolpidembyanofficeworker.Question7-9ChoosetheappropriatelettersA-DandWritetheminboxes7-9onyouranswersheet.7.HowmanycasesofbizarrebehavioursaredescribedinanofficialreportfromAustralia?A.68B.104C.182D.2408.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedintheproductinformationaboutzolpidem?A.Treatmentshouldbestoppedifsideeffectsoccur.B.Medicationshouldbetakenjustbeforegoingtobed.C.Adverseeffectsaremorelikelyinthee