Unit-Five-Love-is-a-Fallacy

Unit5LoveisaFallacyLiXingqiaoCollegeofInternationalExchange&CompulsoryForeignLanguagesEducationTeachingObjectives1.Learnsomebackgroundinformationofthetext;2.understandthestructureandgraspthemainideaofthetext;3.masterthelanguagepointsappearedintheunit;4.Tofamiliarizestudentswithbasicknowledgeoflogicalfallacies;5.helpstudentstoappreciatethehumoroftheauthor.6.conductaseriesofdiscussing,analyzing,presentingactivitiesrelatedtothethemeofthisessay.Unit5LoveisaFallacyCONTENTSBEADCLead-inGlobalReadingDetailedReadingExercise&HomeworkPostReadingUnit5LoveisaFallacyBackgroundKnowledge1.Whatdoyouknowabouttheauthor?Lead-inMaxShulman(March14,1919–August28,1988)wasoneofAmerica’sbest-knownhumorists.Hehaswrittennovels,stories,Broadwayplays,moviescenarios,televisionscripts.Lotsofhisnovelswereadaptedtothescreen.BestrememberedforcreatingthepopularcharacterDobieGillis,atypicalAmericanteenwhofrequentlysufferedfromromanticangst(worry).Thecharacterappearedonapopulartelevisionsitcom(situationcomedy)duringthe50sandwasinafeaturefilmin1953.Lead-inHisworksLead-inHisworks2.WhatdoyouknowaboutJohnRuskin?Lead-inJohnRuskin(8February1819–20January1900)wasanEnglishartcriticandsocialthinker,alsorememberedasapoetandartist.HisessaysonartandarchitecturewereextremelyinfluentialintheVictorianandEdwardianeras.Hisworks:TheStonesofVeniceTheSevenLampsofArchitectureTimeandTidePositiveprogramforsocialreforms:SesameandLilies（芝麻和百合）TheCrownofWildOliveTheKingoftheGoldenRiver3.WhatdoyouknowaboutFrankenstein?Lead-inFrankensteinisanovelwrittenbytheBritishauthorMaryShelley.Thetitleofthenovelreferstotheprotagonist,ascientistnamedVictorFrankenstein,wholearnshowtocreatelifeandcreatesabeinginthelikenessofman,butlargerthanaverageandmorepowerful.Itprovestobeamonsterwhodestroyedthecreator.Inpopularculture,peoplehavetendedtorefertotheCreatureasFrankenstein,despitethefactthatthiswasthenameofthescientist,notthecreature.4.Whatisloveinyouropinion?Lead-inLoveisaprofoundlytender,passionateaffectionforanotherperson.Toloveistogive,tocare,tomaketheonelovedhappierwithoutwantinganythinginreturn.Thefollowingquotationshelpinterpretthemeaningoflove:Loveisacollaborativeworkofart.Loveiswork.Loverequirescooperation.Loverequirescompromise.Loverequiressharedresponsibility.Lead-inLoverequirescommunication.Lovedemandssacrifice.Loveisanaestheticexperience.Loveinvolvescreativity.Lovecannotbeachievedbyformula.Loverequireshowyouseetheworld.Lovemaybetransientorpermanent.Loveisuniqueineachinstance.Lifeisthequestion,loveistheanswer.Truelove5.Whatdoyouknowaboutlogicfallacies?Lead-in1).DictoSimplicity绝对判断谬误：thefallacyiscommittedbyanargumentthatappliesageneralruletoaparticularcaseinwhichsomespecialcircumstancesmaketheruleinappropriate.Carisfast.Thereforeeverytimewehangout,weshoulddriveacar.Dogisapet.Everyonelikesit.Posteducationisbeneficial.soeveryoneshouldatleastgetabachelordegree.JapanesewagedawartoChinese,whichhadnothingtodowithhumanitybuteverythingtodowithaggression.ThereforeeveryJapaneseisguiltyandshouldbecondemned.Lead-in2).HastyGeneralization草率结论谬误：Theconversefallacyofaccidentarguesimproperlyfromaspecialcasetoageneralrule.Tomisaprimestudent.Janeisaprimestudent.Jackisaprimestudent.Allthestudentsthereforeinthisclassareprimestudents.Ihaven’tseenaUFO;Jasonhasn’teither;MsYanhasn’tprobably;sonoUFOatall.3).PostHoc牵强附会谬误：Thefallacyoffalsecausemislocatesthecauseofonephenomenoninanotherthatisonlyseeminglyrelated.Posthocmistakestemporalsequenceforcausalconnection.Don’tsingthissong.Everytimeyousingthissong,thebabygetssick.Hiseyesareverybig,sohemusthavegoodeyesight.Lead-in4).ContradictoryPremises矛盾前提谬误：Theconclusioniscontradictorytothepremise.Thisisthemightiestswordwhichisabletoshatteranyshield,andthatisthemostindestructibleshieldwhichiscapableofenduringanystroke.5).AdMisericordiam文不对题谬误：Thefallacyofirrelevantconclusioniscommittedwhentheconclusionchangesthepointthatisatissueinthepremises.“Hewaslatetotheclasstoday.”“Becausehewasscoldedbyhismotheryesterday.”Maybeheisn’tqualifiedenoughforthisjob,butthinkabouthisrelationships,hisuncleisthemayor,andhisfatheristhechairmanofthecompanywhichhassteadybusinessrelationswithus.Lead-in6).FalseAnalogy错误类别谬误：SincewehavemooncakesintheMoonFestival,whydon’twehavespringcakesintheSpringFestival?7).HypothesisContrarytoFact与事实相反的假设谬误：“Ifthegunpowderhadn’tbeeninvented,therewouldn’thavebeensomanywarsintheworld.HowcouldyouhavepassedtheexamwhatifIhadn’ttoldyoutheanswerinadvance?8).PoisoningtheWell投井下毒谬误:“speakingagainsttheman”ratherthantotheissueinwhichthepremisesmayonlymakeapersonalattackonapersonwhoholdssomethesis,insteadofofferinggroundsshowingwhywhathesaysisfalse.Don’tlistentoanywordfromhim,forheismostshamefulcheatingaroundtheworld.1.Whatimplicationdoesthetitlecontain?GlobalReadingThereisadeceptiveordelusivequalityaboutlove.Loveisanerror,adeceptionthatdoesnotfellowtheprincipleoflove.2.What’sthemainideaortheplotofthestory?Thenarratorofthestory,DobieGilles,afreshmaninalawschoolstruggledagainstPeteyBurch,hisroommatewhosegirlfriendheplannedtosteal.Inorder