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AdaptedfromElianaDockterman,TheDigitalParentTrap.2013byTimeInc.OriginallypublishedAugust19,2013.1Byallmeasures,thisgenerationofAmericankids(ages3to18)isthetech-savviestinhistory:27%ofthemusetablets,43%usesmartphones,and52%uselaptops.Andinjustafewweekstheywillstartthemosttech-saturatedschoolyearever:LosAngelesCountyalonewillspend$30milliononclassroomiPadsthisyear,outfitting640,000kidsbylate2014.WordChoice：“tech-savviest””Tech-saturated”描写科技趋势Statistics:通过具体的科技产品使用比例体现科技产品在这一代的使用之广Example:LosAngeles的例子说明数字课堂的趋势，引入本文章2Yet,accordingtothelatestfindingsfromtheresearchfirmGrunwaldAssociates,barelyhalfofU.S.parentsagreethatmobiletechnologyshouldplayamoreprominentroleinschools.Someareevenpayingasmuchas$24,000tosendtheirkidstomonthlong“digitaldetox”programsliketheoneatCapioNightingaleHospitalintheU.K....Research:有一部分家长不赞同3Sowho’sright—themomtryingtoprotectherkidsfromtheperilsofnewtechnologyorthedadwho’scoachinghiskidstoembraceit?It’sanurgentquestionatatimewhenmorethan80%ofU.S.schooldistrictssaytheyareonthecuspofincorporatingWeb-enabledtabletsintoeverydaycurriculums.RhetoricalQuestion:引发读者思考议论两方4Foryears,theParentalAdagewassimple:Thelesstimespentwithscreens,thebetter.Thatthinkingstemsfrom,amongotherthings,reportsabouttheriseofcyberbullying...aswellasthefactthatsocialmedia—specificallythesightofotherslookinghappyinphotos—canmakekidsfeeldepressedandinsecure.AppealtoLogic:解释家长不赞同的原因是因为电子会使人压抑5There’salsoafundamentalaversiontosittingkidsinfrontofscreens,thankstodecadesofstudiesprovingthatwatchingtoomuchTVcanleadtoobesity,violenceandattention-deficit/hyperactivitydisorder.AppealtoLogic:家长不赞同原因之二：对身心健康有影响6Inthatvein,theWaldorfSchools—aconsortiumofprivateK-12schoolsinNorthAmericadesignedto“connectchildrentonature”and“ignitepassionforlifelonglearning”—limittechintheclassroomandbartheuseofsmartphones,laptops,televisionsandevenradiosathome.“Youcouldsaysomecomputergamesdevelopcreativity,”saysLucyWurtz,anadministratorattheWaldorfSchoolinLosAltos,Calif.,minutesfromSiliconValley.“ButIdon’tseeanybenefit.Waldorfkidsknitandbuildthingsandpaint—alotofreallypracticalandcreativeendeavors.”AuthoritativeQuotation:认为自然的活动更加实用、培养创造力7Butit’snotthatsimple.WhiletherearedangersinherentinaccesstoFacebook,newresearchsuggeststhatsocial-networkingsitesalsoofferunprecedentedlearningopportunities.“Online,kidscanengagewithspecializedcommunitiesofinterest,”saysMimiIto,ananthropologistattheUniversityofCaliforniaatIrvinewho’sstudyinghowtechnologyaffectsyoungadults.“They’renolongerlimitedbywhat’sofferedinschool.”AppealtoLogic:马上用research直接反驳8Earlytechusehascognitivebenefitsaswell.Althoughparentingexpertshavequestionedthevalueofeducationalgames—asJimTaylor,authorofRaisingGenerationTech,putsit,“they’realoadofcrap...meanttomakemoney”—newstudieshaveshowntheycanaddrealvalue.InarecentstudybySRI,anonprofitresearchfirm,kidswhoplayedgameslikeSamorost(solvingpuzzles)did12%betteronlogicteststhanthosewhodidnot.AndatMIT’sEducationArcade,playingtheempire-buildinggameCivilizationpiquedstudents’interestinhistoryandwasdirectlylinkedtoanimprovementinthequalityoftheirhistory-classreports.Logic架构:科技产品的好处之一：cognitivebenefit；直接打了第六段“butIdon’tseeanybenefit”的脸Authority:用JimTaylor、数据证明了玩游戏能够提高人们的逻辑能力。9Thereason:engagement.Onaverage,accordingtoresearchcitedbyMIT,studentscanrememberonly10%ofwhattheyread,20%ofwhattheyhearand50%ofwhattheyseedemonstrated.Butwhenthey’reactuallydoingsomethingthemselves—inthevirtualworldsoniPadsorlaptops—thatretentionrateskyrocketsto90%.Logic架构：解释上一段中能够提高逻辑能力的原因ResearchData:有说服力地证明了科技能够通过engagement提高孩子的认知能力10ThisisamainreasonresearcherslikeItosaytheAmericanAcademyofPediatrics’recommendationofatwo-hourscreen-timelimitisanoutdatedconcept:activelybrowsingpagesonacomputerortabletiswaymorebrain-stimulatingthanveggingoutinfrontoftheTV.Logic:以上的证明可以说明电子产品好Neutrality:到现在才提出自己的观点，使自己favorable11Themostconvincingargumentforearly-agetechfluency,however,ismorebasic:stayingcompetitive.“Ifyoulookatapplyingforcollegeorajob,that’sonthecomputer,”saysShawnJackson,principalofSpencerTech,apublicschoolinoneofChicago’slower-incomeneighborhoods.Dittotheessentialskillsforjobsinfast-growingsectorssuchasprogramming,engineeringandbiotechnology.“Ifwe’renotexposingourstudentstothisstuffearly,”Jacksoncontinues,“they’regoingtobeleftbehind.”...Logic:举出孩子们接触科技的好处之二：为了以后学习需要Authoritative:“leftbehind”appealtoemotion,让家长们感到影响的严重性，从而支持孩子多用科技12Noneofthismeanskidsdeserveunfetteredaccesstothegadgetoftheirchoice—especiallyif,asMcGrathnotes,they’vealreadybeencaughtabusingit.Aswithanychildhoodprivilege,monitoringiskey.Butparentsshouldkeepanopenmindaboutthebenefitsoftechfluency.Logic:最后给自己找了一个相对比较mild的位置，说电子产品的使用量应该把握好度，使自己更favorable