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Summary[edit]Bassanio,ayoungVenetianofnoblerank,wishestowoothebeautifulandwealthyBelmont.Havingsquanderedhisestate,heneeds3,000ducatstosubsidisehisexpendituresasasuitor.BassanioapproacheshisfriendAntonio,awealthymerchantofVenicewhohaspreviouslyandrepeatedlybailedhimout.Antonioagrees,butsinceheiscash-poor–hisshipsandarebusyatsea–hepromisestocoverabondifBassaniocanfindalender,soBassanioturnstoJewishmoneylenderShylockandnamesAntonioastheloan'sguarantor.AntoniohasalreadymadeanenemyofShylockthroughhisoutspokenantisemitism,andalsobecauseAntonio'shabitoflendingmoneywithoutinterestforcesShylocktochargelowerrates.Shylockisatfirstreluctanttogranttheloan,citingabusehehassufferedatAntonio'shand,butfinallyagreestolendthesumtoAntoniowithoutinterestupononecondition:ifAntonioisunablerepayitatthespecifieddate,ShylockmaytakeapoundofAntonio'sflesh.BassaniodoesnotwantAntoniotoacceptsuchariskycondition;Antonioissurprisedbywhatheseesasthegenerosity(nousance–interest–isaskedfor),andhesignsthecontract.Withmoneyathand,BassanioleavesforBelmontwithhisfriendGratiano,whohasaskedtoaccompanyhim.Gratianoalikeableyoungman,butisoftenflippant,overlytalkative,andtactless.Bassaniowarnshiscompaniontoexerciseself-control,andthetwoleaveforBelmontandPortia.MeanwhileinBelmont,Portiaisawashwithsuitors.Herfatherleftawillstipulatingeachofhersuitorsmustchoosecorrectlyfromoneofthreecaskets–oneeachofgold,silverandlead.Ifhepickstherightcasket,hegetsPortia.Thefirstsuitor,theluxuriousPrinceofMorocco,choosesthegoldcasket,interpretingitssloganWhochoosethmeshallgainwhatmanymendesireastoPortia.Thesecondsuitor,theconceitedPrinceofArragon,choosesthesilvercasket,whichproclaimsWhochoosethmeshallgetasmuchashedeserves,imagininghimselftobefullofmerit.Bothsuitorsleaveempty-handed,havingrejectedtheleadcasketbecauseofthebasenessofitsmaterialandtheuninvitingnatureofitsslogan:Whochoosethmemustgiveandhazardallhehath.ThelastsuitorisBassanio,whomPortiawishestosucceed,havingmethimbefore.AsBassaniopondershischoice,membersofPortia'shouseholdsingasongwhichsaysthatfancy(nottruelove)isengend'redintheeyes,Withgazingfed.,[1]promptingBassaniotodisregardoutwardshowsandornamentandchoosetheleadcasket,winningPortia'shand.AtVenice,Antonio'sshipsarereportedlostatsea.Thisleaveshimunabletosatisfythebond.ShylockisevenmoredeterminedtoexactrevengefromChristiansafterhisdaughterJessicahadfledhomeandelopedwiththeChristianLorenzo,takingasubstantialamountofShylock'swealthwithher,aswellasaturquoiseringwhichwasagifttoShylockfromhislatewife,Leah.ShylockhasAntoniobroughtbeforecourt.AtBelmont,BassanioreceivesalettertellinghimthatAntoniohasbeenunabletoreturntheloantakenfromShylock.PortiaandBassaniomarry,asdoGratianoandPortia'shandmaidNerissa.BassanioandGratianothenleaveforVenice,withmoneyfromPortia,tosaveAntonio'slifebyofferingthemoneytoShylock.UnknowntoBassanioandGratiano,Portiahasdisguisedherselfasservant,Balthazar,toseekthecounselofPortia'scousin,Bellario,alawyer,atPadua.巴萨尼奥，一个年轻的威尼斯出身高贵，希望向美丽的和富有的女继承人鲍西娅贝尔蒙特。有了他的财产，他需要3000块钱来资助他的支出作为求婚。巴塞尼奥接近他的朋友安东尼奥，一个富有的威尼斯商人曾多次把他保释出来。安东尼奥同意了，但因为他是现金短缺的–如果巴塞尼奥可以找到贷款人他的船和商品在海上–他承诺支付债券忙，巴塞尼奥向犹太放债人夏洛克和名称安东尼奥作为贷款的担保人。安东尼奥已经通过他的outspokenantisemitism了夏洛克的敌人，也因为安东尼奥借钱的习惯没有利率的夏洛克收取较低的利率。夏洛克是起初不愿意发放贷款，以滥用他受到了安东尼奥的手，但最终同意借给和安东尼奥没有兴趣在一个条件：如果安东尼奥无法偿还它在指定的日期，夏洛克可以以每磅安东尼奥的肉。他不想让安东尼奥接受这样一个危险的状态；安东尼奥是由他所认为的放债人的慷慨惊讶（没有“远期”–利益–要求），和他签合同。钱在手，他离开贝尔蒙特和他的朋友葛劳提阿诺，谁问陪他。葛莱西安诺是一个可爱的年轻人，但往往是轻率的，过于健谈的，不老练的。他警告他的同伴练习自我控制，和两个离开贝尔蒙特和鲍西娅。同时在贝尔蒙，鲍西娅是充斥着求婚者。她的父亲留下了一个将规定每个求婚者必须正确选择从三个棺材–每一金，银和铅。如果他选择正确的棺材，他得到了波西亚。第一个求婚的，豪华的摩洛哥亲王，选择黄金棺材，解释其口号“谁选我应得到众多男人梦寐以求的东西”是指波西亚。第二个求婚者，自负的王子亚拉公，选择的银匣子，宣称“谁选我要得到他应得的”，想象自己充满价值。两个求婚者空手离开，在否决了铅盒由于其材料的卑鄙和其口号不吸引人的性质：“谁选我必须放弃一切的风险。”最后的求婚者是巴塞尼奥，Portia想要成功的话，以前见过他。当巴塞尼奥思考他的选择，鲍西娅的家庭成员唱一首歌，说：“幻想”（不是真正的爱）是“engend'red的眼睛，凝视，美联储。”[1]提示巴塞尼奥无视“向外展示”和“装饰”选择铅盒，赢得了波西亚的手。在威尼斯，安东尼奥的船被报道在海上迷失了方向。这使得他无法满足债券。夏洛克是更坚定了复仇的基督徒在他的女儿杰西卡逃家私奔的洛伦佐，以大量的夏洛克的财富与她，以及一个绿松石戒指是从他已故的妻子对夏洛克的礼物，利亚。夏洛克安东尼奥闹上法庭。在贝尔蒙特，他收到一封信告诉他，安东尼奥已经无法返回从夏洛克借款。波西亚和巴萨尼奥成婚，做葛劳提阿诺和尼瑞莎波西亚的婢女。巴塞尼奥和葛劳提阿诺火速然后离开威尼斯，钱从鲍西娅夏洛克，通过提供资金挽救安东尼奥的生命。对巴塞尼奥和葛劳提阿诺火速未知，她已经把自己伪装成一个仆人，巴尔萨扎，寻求波西亚的堂兄，bellario，律师的律师，在帕多瓦。TheclimaxoftheplaycomesinthecourtoftheDukeofVenice.ShylockrefusesBassanio'soffer6,000ducats,twicetheamountoftheloan.HedemandshispoundoffleshfromAntonio.ThewishingtosaveAntoniobutunabletonullifyacontract,refersthecasetoavisitorwhointroduceshimselfasBalthazar,ayoungmaledoctorofthelaw,bearingaletterofrecommendationtotheDukefromthelearnedlawyerBellario.ThedoctorisactuallyPortiaindisguise,andthelawclerkwhoaccompaniesherisactuallyNerissa,alsoindisguise.AsBalthazar,PortiarepeatedlyasksShylocktoshowmercyinafamousspeech,advisinghimthatmercyistwiceblest:Itblesseththatgivesandhimthattakes(IV,i,185).However,Shylockadamantlyrefusesanyandinsistsonthepoundofflesh.AsthecourtgrantsShylockhisbondandAntoniopreparesforShylock'sknife,PortiadeftlyappropriatesShylock'sargumentfor'specificperformance',andpointsoutthatthecontractonlyallowsShylocktoremovetheflesh,nottheblood,ofAntonio(seequibble).Thus,ifShylocktoshedanydropofAntonio'sblood,hislandsandgoodswou