KolcabaK的舒适理论及实践应用

doi10．3969/j．issn．1002－7386．2012．21．064··KolcabaK吕素红胡学慧刘荣琴071000【】舒适理论;概念【】R363．16【】A【】1002－7386(2012)21－3312－03。1。1974、DHEW1974、2。、、。、。KolcabaK。、、、、KolcabaK。1KatharineKolcaba·1944196519871997。。KolcabaK、、、、。。2KolcabaKKolcabaK2080。。Nightingale、Orlando、Roy、Murray13。、、Kolcaba1991“”1。123×44。。、。。1994KolcabaK“”theoryofcomfort5。20006。2001KolcabaK3。2003《》7。3KolcabaK1、KolcabaK“”。、。2、。3。、、38。44．1、、、、5。4．21relief。。2ease、。。3transcendence。、。4．31。2、。、、、、。3、、、、。4、、、、5－9。、。、。、、、10。4．41、、21332012113421HebeiMedicalJournal2012Vol34NovNo.21。2、、、。3、1。4．53－5。、、11。、、———HSBs。。。、。。55．11992KolcabageneralcomfortquestionnaireGCQ。Likert-type。Cronbach’sα0．885。50．86α0．92。12。、13－1516。Eoll-end-of-lief。、、Cronbach’sα17。KolcabaK18。5．2“”、“”。“”。9。6KolcabaK6．1wholepersonholism3。Kolcaba“”、、。。Kolcaba、、、、。、。Kolcaba、。。、9。6．2Kol-caba、。、。Kolcaba、、、1920。。Kolcaba2122。6．3Kolcaba。、、、、11。、、、、。、2324。7。。25。。1KolcabaKYKolcabaRJ．Ananalysisoftheconceptofcomfort．JournalofAdvancedNursing1991161301-1310．2DepartmentofHealthEducationandWelfare1974．PublucationnoHRA76-25USGovernmentPrintingOfficeWashingtonDC．1996．397-400．3KatharineKolcaba．Evolutionofthemidrangetheoryofcomfortforout-comesresearch．NursingsOutlook20014986-92．4KolcabaKY．Ataxonomicstructurefortheconceptcomfort．JournalofNursingScholarship199123237-240．5KolcabaKY．Atheoryofholisticcomfortfornursing．JournalofAdvancedNursing1994191178-11846KolcabaKSteinerR．Empiricalevidenceforthenatureofholisticcom-fort．JournalofHolisticNursing20001846-62．7KolcabaK．ComforttheoryandPracticeAVisionforholistichealthcareandresearch．NewYorkSpringerPublishing2003．8．．．201016328-329．31332012113421HebeiMedicalJournal2012Vol34NovNo.219KolcabaKTiltonCDrouinC．ComforttheoryAunifyingframeworktoenhancethepracticeenvironment．JournalofNursingAdministration200636538-544．10．．4．2006．338．11KolcabaKY．Theartofcomfortcare．JournalofNursingScholarship199527287-289．12．．20062257-59．13．．2009782-84．14．72．200742225-228．15．．200774-7．16．24h．20109561-562．17NovakBKolcabaKSteinerRetal．Measuringcomfortincaregiversandpatientsduringlateend-of-lifecare．AmericanJournalofHospiceandPalliativeCare200118170-180．18SandraJPetersonJBredowTS．Middlerangetheoriesapplicationtonursingresearch．PhiladelphiaLippincottWilliamsWilkins200429263-265．19KolcabaKFoxC．Theeffectsofguidedimageryoncomfortofwomenwithearlystagebreastcancerundergoingradiationtherapy．OncologyNursingForum19992667-72．20ApostoloJLAKolcabaK．Theeffectsofguidedimageryoncomfortde-pressionanxietyandstressofpsychiatricinpatientswithdepressivedis-orders．ArchivesofPsychiatricNursing200923403-411．21KolcabaKSchirmVSteinerR．EffectsofhandmassageoncomfortofNursingHomeResidents．GeriatricNursing20062785-91．22KolcabaKDowdTSteineretcR．Efficacyofhandmassageforenhan-cingcomfortofhospicepatients．JournalofHospiceandPalliativeNurs-ing2004691-102．23KolcabaKDiMarcoMA．Comforttheoryanditsapplicationtopediatricnursing．PediatricNursing200531187-194．24PannoJMKolcabaKHolderC．AcuteCareforEldersACEaholis-ticmodelforgeriatricorthopaedicnursingcare．OrthopaedicNursing20001953-60．25．．20097992-993．2012－03－19doi10．3969/j．issn．1002－7386．2012．21．065··RhD－RhD+1兰基山刘恒刘亚君[e-mail]【】RhD(－);输血【】R457．13【】A【】1002－7386(2012)21－3314－0135、。。BP110/70mmHgHR135～140/minRhD－O。RhD－O400ml。1mg2mg10μg50mg50mg。RhD+RBC16RhD－1300ml。4pH7．10、PaCO236mmHgPaO2496mmHg、Na+129、K+4．0、Ca2+0．78、Glu22．8、Lac8．2、Hct＜15%、BE-17．5、Hbc。CaCl21g、NaHCO3200ml。5pH7．24、PaCO242mmHgPaO2586mmHg、Na+130、K+5．04、Ca2+0．66、Glu17．3、Lac5．7、Hct＜15%、BE-9．0、Hbc。CaCl21g、NaH-CO3100ml400U。6pH7．30、PaCO245mmHgPaO2606mmHg、Na+132、K+5．9、Ca2+0．99、Glu14．0、Lac4．5、Hct19%、BE-4．0、Hbc5．9g/dl。6∶10ICUICURhD－2400mlRhD+2URhD+RBC6URhD－RBC4U。。RhD－O16URhD+RBC1300mlRhD－RhD－。ICURhD－2400mlRh+D2URhD+RBC6U。《》。RhD-DRhDRhDRhD。RhD－ORhD+。。2012－01－1841332012113421HebeiMedicalJournal2012Vol34NovNo.21