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专业英语——SpecializedEnglishUnit4：第二部分通信技术Common-ChannelSignaling——公共信道信令SpecializedEnglishforCommunicationEngineeringNEWWORDSANDPHRASESdetachvt.分离,分开,移出constraintn.制约,限制,约束inaudibleadj.听不见的,不可闻的quantumn.量,数量,量子obviatevt.消除,免除crucialadj.关键的,关系重大的schematicadj.图解的,概略的,示意的formulatevt配置;按配方制造;公式化;格式化terminationn.终端（装置）,终止,终点abstractionn.分离,提取refinementn.精制,明确表达,微调delimitationn.定界,划界,界限multiplicityn.多样,多样性SpecializedEnglishforCommunicationEngineeringNEWWORDSANDPHRASESflexibilityn.灵活性expandabilityn.可扩充性tailorv.修整,制造matchv.与…相适应,和…相符,匹配…noden.节点,结点exploitvt.利用,使用,发挥,开发optimizev.最优,使最佳；确定…的最佳特性resiliencen.弹性,回弹能力,恢复力databasen数据库failuren.故障,失败bearern.载体,运载工具,承载线路（信道）overheadn.总开销intactadj.原封不动的,无损伤的SpecializedEnglishforCommunicationEngineeringNEWWORDSANDPHRASESassociatedadj.关联的,连带的,有联系的non-associatedadj.非关联的quasi-associatedadj准关联的inparallelwith与…平行,和…同时,伴随着…laydown规定,设计atthetime当时SpecializedEnglishforCommunicationEngineeringNetwork-managementsignalswillbefacilitatedbythefactthattheycanbemadeavailablefromtherepertoireandbythespeedandflexibilityofthesignalingnetwork.that：引导同位语从句,说明“thefact”.把同位语从句可译为与主句并列的一个分句。基于信令网的（高）速度和方便性，网管信号（传送）方便.TEXTSpecializedEnglishforCommunicationEngineeringImportantly,itobviatestheneedformostofthepercircuitsignalingequipmentwhichisnecessarywhenchannel-associatedsignalingisused.formostof…equipment:作定语修饰“theneed”；which:引导定语从句,修饰“thepercircuitsignallingequipment”；“when”引导时间状语从句。重要的是，共路信令省略了大部分的噪声抑制电路信令设备，这些设备是当使用随路信令时是必需的。SpecializedEnglishforCommunicationEngineeringBeinginterprocessor,itisindependentofswitchortransmissiontechnology；sonewsignallingsystemsdonotneedtobeintroducedinparallelwitheveryotherdevelopmentintelephony.Beinginterprocessor:分词短语作原因状语；inparallelwith…intelephony:作状语,表示伴随情况。全句可译为“因为共路信令是跨处理器的，它独立于交换或传输技术；所以新的信令系统不需要和电话系统的每个发展同步。”SpecializedEnglishforCommunicationEngineeringAprotocolstackthusallowsthedesignertodividethefunctionsrequiredforthesignalingsystemintoseparateblocks,eachofmanageableproportionsandwithitsinformationexchangewiththoseaboveandbelowitdefined,sothateachblockcanbedevelopedinisolation.requiredforthesignallingsystem:过去分词短语作定语,修饰“thefunctions”；Aprotocol…separateblocks与eachof…itdefined为两个并列分句sothat:引导结果状语从句,全句是并列复杂句。因此，协议栈允许设计者把信令系统所需的功能划分成单独的模块，每个可管理部分和它的上、下层之间进行信息交换，所以每个模块可以单独的进行开发。SpecializedEnglishforCommunicationEngineeringForinstance,ifalowerlayerisresponsibleforcorrectingerrorsinthetransmissionofmessages,thenthelayeraboveitcanassumethatallmessagesitsendsorreceivesviathelowerlayerareerror-free.If:引导条件状语从句itsendsorreceives…layer:为省掉“that”的定语从句,“that”在从句中作宾语,代表“allmessages”。例如，如果低层负责信息传输中的错误纠正，则它的上层就会假设它通过低层传输或接收的信息是没有错误的。SpecializedEnglishforCommunicationEngineeringThiswasnotpossiblewiththeearlierchannel-associatedsignalingsystem,whichweretailoredtomatchthetransmissionandswitchingsystemswithwhichtheyworked,andwhosemessagerepertoireswereextremelylimited.which:引导的定语从句修饰“theearlierchannel-associatedsignallingsystem”；whose:引导的定语从句修饰“theearlier···signalingsystem”。翻译时可把定语从句拆译成并列分句。tailoredto…：根据...调整。这在早期的随路信令系统中是不可能的。早期的随路信令被调整到与它协同工作的传输和交换系统相匹配，并且它的全部信息极度受限。SpecializedEnglishforCommunicationEngineering小结专业英语翻译的标准忠实（True）通顺（Smooth）专业英语的翻译方法照译转译省译赠补Common-ChannelSignaling