形容词的比较等级

形容词的比较等级英语形容词比较等级通常有3个：即原级、比较级和最高级。构成法(规则变化)原级比较级最高级一般单音节词末尾加-er,-esttalltallertallestgreatgreatergreatest以不发音的e结尾的单音节词和nicenicernicest少数以-le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-stlargelargerlargestableablerablest以“一元+一辅”结尾的闭音节单音节词，bigbiggerbiggest双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er,-esthothotterhottest以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，easyeasiereasiest改y为i,再加-er,-estbusybusierbusiest少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词clevercleverercleverest末尾加-er,-estnarrownarrowernarrowest其他双音节词和多音节词，easilymoreeasilymosteasily在前面加more,mostdifficultmoremostdifficultdifficultNotes:●形容词比较等级所加的-er和-est,读作[ə][ist].e.g.tall[tɔ:l]taller[tɔ:lə]tallest[tɔ:list]●如果形容词原级的词末为不发音的字母r,加-er和-est时，r要发[r]音.e.g.near[niə]nearer[niərə]nearest[niərist]●如果形容词原级词末的发音为[ŋ],加-er和-est时,[ŋ]音后要加一个[g]音.e.g.long[lɔŋ]longer[lɔŋgə]longest[lɔŋgist]●有些形容词通常没有比较等级，如right,wrong,woolen,wooden等.●有些形容词的比较级和最高级可采用在词尾加-er和-est的形式，也可采用在单词前加more和most的形式，这类形容词有：clear,common,free,handsome,lively,often,pleasant,polite,pretty,quiet,solid,stupid,timid.不规则变化原级比较级最高级原级比较级最高级goodbetterbestmanymoremostwellmuchbadworseworstfarfartherfarthestillfurtherfurthestoldolderoldestlatelaterlatesteldereldestlatterlastlittlelessleast运用1.原级⑴★as+形容词原级+as“与…一样”RickisastallasTom.Thereareasmanystudentsinourclassasinyours.Heearnsasmuchmoneyashisfatherdoes.⑵否定形式：notso/as+形容词原级+asRickisnotso/astallasNick.★Comeassoonaspossible.⑶有些as…as结构是现成说法，如aswellas,asmuchas,asfaras,aslongas,assoonas等.2.比较级⑴★形容词的比较级+thanRealfriendshipismorevaluablethanmoney.Thisroadisbroaderthanthatone.⑵★less+形容词原级+than降级比较Georgeislesseasy-goingthanhisbrother.乔治不如他哥哥容易接近。Thefirmhaslessmoneyandfewerstaffthanlastyear.公司的资金和人员都比去年少了。⑶★形容词的比较级可以由far,still,even,much,alittle,abit,agreatdeal,rather等来修饰Lighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.Healthisagreatdealmorevaluablethanwealth.Maryisalittlebitshorterthanherbrother.⑷★比较级+and+比较级“越来越…”Thingsaregettingbetterandbettereveryday.Johnisbecomingmoreandmoreactiveinsports.约翰越来越积极参加体育运动了。⑸★the+比较级+the+比较级“越…就越….”Themorehaste,thelessspeed.欲速则不达。ThemoreIstudyit,themoreIlikeit.⑹如果两者之间表示“最…”时，要在比较级前加the,如Johnistheclevererofthetwoboys.Thebookisthethinnerofthetwo.⑺★英语里的比较级有时并无具体的比较含义。youngergeneration青年一代highereducation高等教育3.最高级⑴★the+形容词最高级+比较范围(如介词of或in的短语或that从句ShanghaiisthebiggestcityinChina.Thisisthebestofall.ThisisthemostinterestingfilmthatIhaveseen.⑵★用形容词的原级或比较级也可以表示最高级的意义，如1)否定词语+so/as+形容词原级+asNobodyissobraveasTominhisclass.在班里没有哪个男孩比汤姆更勇敢。2)否定词语+形容词比较级+thanNothingismoreexcitingthantotravel.没有什么比去旅游更令人兴奋。(3)形容词比较级+than+anyother+单数名词形容词比较级+than+theother+复数名词Thebookismoreinterestingthananyotherone.Thisplanisnicerthantheotherthree.Shesingsbetterthananyoneelseinherclass.=Shesingsbestinherclass.Heisthetalleststudentinmyclass.=Heistallerthantheotherstudentsintheclass.=Heistallerthananyotherstudentintheclass.=Nobodyelseistallerthanheintheclass.Exercises用所给词的正确形式填空：1.Ofthetwogirls,IfindLucythe_______(clever).2.Gold(黄金)is______(little)usefulthaniron(铁).3.Mysisteristwoyears_______(old)thanI.4.John’sparentshavefourdaughters,andsheisthe_____(young)child.5.The_____(cheap)bagsarethenotusuallythebestones.6.Theshortoneisbyfar_______(expensive)ofthefive.7.Theboyisnotso______(interesting)ashisbrother.8.Dicksings_____(well),shesings______(well)thanJohn,butMarysings______(well)inherclass.9.Shewillbemuch______(happy)inhernewhouse.翻译句子：1.这本书跟那本书一样有趣。Thisbookis_______________thatone.2.今天比昨天冷的多。Itis___________today____itwasyesterday.3.他比我大两岁。Heis_________________thanI.4.这个故事不如那个有趣。Thisstoryis_______________thanthatone.5.她的身体状况一天天好起来。Heisgetting_________________everyday.6.他对英语越来越感兴趣。Heisbecoming_______________________English.7.他吃的越多,人越胖。Themoreheeats,the_______hegets.8.你的问题是两个中比较难的那个。Yourquestionis_________________oftwo.Thankyou!