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WelcomeBack•NCEL73-96Lesson73Therecord-holder['rekɔ:d-'həuldə]n.记录保持者record-holder•record-breaker•n.破记录者truant['tru:ənt]•n.旷课者，逃学者•Thetwoboysdecidedtoplaytruantandgofishing.•playtruant逃学•逃学的念头在我脑子里闪了一下。•ForamomentIthoughtofplayingtruant.unimaginative•[,ʌni'mædʒinətiv]•adj.缺乏想象力的；无趣的•反义？•imaginative•n.？•imaginationshame•n.惭愧，羞耻•Whatashame!=Whatapity!Shameonyou!putsb.toshame使…感到羞愧的Theyhaveallbeenputtoshamebyaboywho,whileplayingtruant,travelled1600miles.adj.?•shameful令人惭愧的•ashamed感到惭愧的•你应该为你的可耻的行为感到羞愧。•Youshouldbeashamedofyourshamefulbehaviors.hitchhike•['hitʃhaik]•v.搭便车•thumbalift•givesb.aliftmeantime•n.其间•inthemeantime•在此期间•请你叫辆出租汽车，趁这功夫我包上些食物。•Pleasefindataxi,andinthemeantimeI'llpacksomefood.•meanwhile•Icontinuedworking,meanwhile,hewentoutshopping.lorry•n.•运货汽车,卡车(truck)border•['bɔ:də]•n.边境；边界；国界•Thisgatemarkstheborder,thispartisItalianproperty.•这扇门是边界的标记，这部分是意大利领土。evade•[i'veid]•v.逃避;回避•Ifyoutrytoevadepayingyourtaxesyouriskgoingtoprison.逃学•playtruant•evadeschool•skipclass•playhookyLesson73therecord-holder•Littleboyswhoplaytruantfromschoolareunimaginative.Aquietday'sfishing,oreighthoursinacinemaseeingthesamefilmoverandoveragain,isusuallyasfarastheyget.Theyhaveallbeenputtoshamebyaboywho,whileplayingtruant,travelled1600miles.Hehitch-hikedtoDoverand,towardsevening,wentintoaboattofindsomewheretosleep.Whenhewokeupnextmorning,hediscoveredthattheboathad,inthemeantime,travelledtoCalais.Noonenoticedtheboyashecreptoff.•Fromthere,hehitch-hikedtoParisinalorry.Thedrivergavehimafewbiscuitsandacupofcoffeeandlefthimjustoutsidethecity.ThenextcartheboystoppeddidnottakehimintothecentreofParisashehopeditwould,buttoPerpignanontheFrench-Spanishborder.TherehewaspickedupbyapolicemanandsentbacktoEnglandbythelocalauthorities.Hehassurelysetuparecordforthethousandsofboyswhodreamofevadingschool.GofurtherintextChildrenwhoplaytruantfromschoolareunimaginative.•playtruantfromschool表示“逃学”;也可以直接说playtruant.•truant也可以单用，表示“逃学者”•汤姆小时候常逃学。•Asaboy,Tomusedtoplaytruant(fromschool).•那边3个钓鱼的孩子都是逃学者，应被送回学校。•Thethreeboyswhoarefishingovertherearetruantsandoughttobesentbacktoschool.Aquietday’sfishing,oreighthoursinacinemaseeingthesamefilmoverandoveragain,isusuallyasfarastheyget.•overandoveragain为固定短语•表示“一再地”、“反复许多次地”：•由于我奶奶听力不大好，我不得不反复说好几遍。•Asmygrandmothercan'thearverywell,Ihadtosayitoverandoveragain.Aquietday’sfishing,oreighthoursinacinemaseeingthesamefilmoverandoveragain,isusuallyasfarastheyget.•asfaras表示“到……程度”、“就……而言”•是连词，与距离没有关系•就我所知，他的手术是成功的。•AsfarasIknow,hisoperationissuccessful.Noonenoticedtheboyashecreptoff.•creep•V.爬行，匐匍，（像爬行似地）慢慢前进•悄悄地／蹑手蹑脚地走；渐渐产生•那辆旧车在乡间小路上慢慢行驶。•Theoldcarcreptalongthecountryroad.•为了不吵醒爷爷，我们蹑手蹑脚地上了楼。•Wecreptupstairssoasnottowakegrandpa.TherehewaspickedupbyapolicemanandsentbacktoEnglandbythelocalauthorities.•pickup的含义之一是“逮捕”、“拘捕”：•事故之后，他被警方拘捕了。•Aftertheaccident,hewaspickedupbythepolice.•localauthorities•地方当局，地方政权•authority[ɔ:'θɔrəti]•n.权威；权力；当局Grammar句子按其结构可分为：简单句、并列句和复合句。一、简单句定义：由一个主语部分和一个谓语部分组成的的句子叫简单句。2.句子成份•句子一般由六个成份组成：•主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语。•主语(subject)：动作的发出者(myfather)•谓语(verb)：动作(beat)•宾语(object)：动作的承受者(me)•副词(adverb)：修饰动作(angrily)•时间状语(theadverbialoftime)：动作发生的时间(yesterday)•地点状语(theadverbialofplace)：动作发生的地点(athome)3.简单陈述句的语序时间+主+谓语+宾语+状语+地点+(时间)（动词）（副词/介词短语）方式/状态4.句子结构•1）.S+V(主+谓)•eg.Thesunrises.•2）.S+V+O(主+谓+宾)•eg.Ilikecats.•3）.S+V+P(主+系+表)•eg.Therosesarebeautiful.•4）.S+V+Oi+Od(主+谓+双宾)•eg.Hesenthersomeroses.•5）.S+V+O+C(主+谓+宾+宾补)•eg.Englishisdrivingmecrazy.二、并列句由并列连词把两个或两个以上的互相关联而又互相独立的单句（即简单句）连在一起而构成的句子称为并列句。其结构为：简单句+并列连词+简单句。常用的连词：and,or,but,for,notonly…butalso…,neither…nor,either…or。我愿意来但是我不能来。I’dlovetocomebutIcan’t.他肯定是一早就出去了，因为早餐时他没有出现。Hemusthavegoneoutearly,forhedidn’tshowupatbreakfast.二、并列句•1.并列关系并列句•连词有：and,notonly…butalso,neither…nor•2.转折关系并列句•连词有：but,yet,however•3.选择关系并列句•连词有：or,either…or..•4.因果关系并列句•连词有：for,so,therefore三、复合句复合句可用两种方法构成：一是用连词把从句与主句连接起来；二是用分词结构或不定式。1、用连词连接的复合句•名词性从句•形容词性从句(定语从句)•副词性从句(状语从句)名词性从句•名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句.•引导词:1.从属连词:that,if,whether2.连接代词:who,what,which,whom,whose3.连接副词:when,where,how,why等.定语从句•引导词分为两类:1.关系代词:who,whom,whose,which,that,as2.关系副词:where,when,why等•引导词的作用:1.代替先行词;2.引导定语从句;3.在从句中充当成分,关系代词作主语,宾语(可以省略),表语;关系副词作状语.that关系代词与先行词的关系限制性定语从句先行词关系代词主语关系代词宾语关系代词所有格代替人who/thatwhich/thatwhom/thatwhich/thatthatwhose=ofwhom代替物whose=ofwhich代替人和物代替人代替物代替人和物非限制性定语从句代替人和物代替前一句话whichwhichwhosewhich九种常用的状语从句时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句条件状语从句让步状语从句结果状语从句目的状语从句方式状语从句比较状语从句状语从句有九种，时地原因条状补，目比结果方让步，连词引导各不同；主句通常前面走，连词引导紧随后，从句若在主前头，主从之间有个逗。九种常用的状语从句及其常用的连接词时间状语从句when,while,as,before,after,assoonas,till,until,not…until,thefirst/second…/lasttime,themoment,theminute,theinstant,immediately,directly,instantly,hardly…when,scarcely…when,nosooner…thanwhere,whereverbecause,since,as,nowthat,seeingthat,consideringthat地点状语从句原因状语从句九种常用的状语从句及其常用的连接词if,unless,now(that),as(so)longas,incase,onconditionthat,suppose/supposing,provided/providingalthough,though,eventhough/if,as,while,nomatterwhich/what/when/where/who/how,whichever,wherever,whatever,whoever,whenever,however,whether…or条件状语从句让步状语从句九种常用的状语从句及其常用的连接词结果状语从句sothat,so