Lesson65Jumboversusthepolice小象对警察Newwordsandexpressions:1.versusprep.对2.approachv.走近3.Christmasn.圣诞节4.oughtmodalverb应该5.circusn.马戏团6.weighv.重7.presentn.礼物8.fortunateadj.幸运的9.accompanyv.陪伴,随行.1.versusprep.对(1)(两队或上方对阵)对;对抗Eg:ThebigmatchtonightisEnglandversusSpain.今晚的大赛是英格兰对西班牙。(2)(比较两种不同想法,选择等)与...相对theproblemofdeterminismversusfreedom决定论与自由论相抗衡的问题2.Christmasn.圣诞节ChristmasEve圣诞前夜(12月24日)Christmaspresent圣诞礼物Christmastree圣诞树FatherChristmas圣诞老人SantaClaus圣诞老人圣诞节快乐!MarryChristmas!HaveagoodChristmas3.circusn.马戏团acircusclown马戏团小丑runacircus演马戏4.present['prezənt]n.礼物(1)adj现在的,当前的thepresentprice现价(2)n现在,目前atpresent现在Thereisnotimelikethepresent.机不可失,时不再来。(3)n.礼物,赠品Heoftengavehisneighbor'skidslittlepresents.他常常送些小礼物给邻居的孩子。5.approach[ə'prəutʃ]v.走近(1)接近,靠近comenearerandnearerTheoldmanapproaches80yearsold.这个老人将近80岁了。approachsbHeisapproachingme.他正向我逼近。(2)着手处理,开始对付Heapproachedthequestionassoonaspossible他尽快地处理了这个问题。(3)途径,方法,方式;态度+toIlikeherapproachtotheproblem.我喜欢她解决这个问题的方法。wehavefoundanapproachtosuccess.我已经找到了成功的方法。6.oughtmodalverb应该(1)(表示义务、责任等)应当,应该Studentsoughttostudyhard.学生应该努力用功。(2)(表示愿望)应该,该Yououghttoreadhisnovels.你应该读读他的小说。(3)(表示可能性、期望)该Itoughttobeafinedaytomorrow.明天该是好天气。(4)区别oughttodosth和shoulddosthshould:应该(我认为)oughtto:应该(强调义务)Youshouldknockatthedoor.Yououghttoknockatthedoor.7.weighv.重(1)v.称...的重量,掂估...的分量Heweighedtheparcelbyhand.他用手估量那个包裹的重量。(2)v.有...重量;称起来Howmuchdoyouweigh?你体重多少?sb+weigh+体重(3)weightn.重,重量;体重Whatisyourweight?你体重多少?loseweight减肥1.DressedupasFatherChristmasandaccompaniedbyaguardofhonourofsixprettygirls,hesetoffdownthemainstreetofthecityridingababyelephantcalledJumbo.dressupas:打扮成为+角色/职业dressupin:穿上+颜色/衣服beaccompaniedby在……陪伴下aguardofhonour:仪仗队setoff:出发2.Heshouldhaveknownthatthepolicewouldneverallowthissortofthing.shouldhaveknown本应知道shouldhavedone原本应该做而没做needn'thavedone过去不必做但是做了3.ApolicemanapproachedJimmyandtoldhimheoughttohavegonealongasidestreetasJumbowasholdingupthetraffic.(1)oughtto:应该should(应该)/oughtto(应该)/haveto的区别haveto:不得不(客观)oughtto:应该(强调义务)should:应该(含有建议)(2)所有的情态动词+havedone都跟过去有关①跟虚拟语气有关的:wouldhavedone②表示推测句型:may/must/can'thavedone③shouldhavedone:原本该做但是没做④needn'thavedone:原本不必做但是做了(3)as=because(4)holdupthetraffic:阻碍交通4.ThoughJimmyagreedtogoatonce,Jumborefusedtomove.though/although尽管+句子inspiteof+名词/代词/动名词agreetodosth:同意做某事agreewithsb:同意某人IagreewithyouIagreetoyouradvice.refusetodosth拒绝做某事表示“应该”和“必须”的情态助动词should,oughtto,haveto与must(1)在第17课的语法中,我们学习了表示不可逃避的义务或表示“必须”的must。must通常只用于现在时和将来时,其他时态则用haveto代替。haveto比must往往更强调客观的要求或外在的原因:Imustgotoschoolnow.Itisraining,Ihavetoleavenow.(2)should和oughtto都可译为“应该”,表示义务、责任或某个正确的行为。oughtto比should语气略强些,多用于肯定句;疑问句与否定结构则多用should。与它们相比,must和haveto的语气要强得多,没有选择余地:Ican’tgotothecinematonight;Imust(orhaveto)writesomeletters.今晚我不能去看电影,我必须写几封信(我没有选择,我必须而且将会写这些信。Ishould(oroughtto)dosomeworktonight,butIthinkIshallgotothecinemainstead.今晚我应当做一些工作,不过我想我会去看电影的(对我来说,正确的做法是工作,但是我选择了去看电影。)(3)hadto表示“过去的必须”,表示过去必须做某事。而“should(oroughtto)+have+过去分词”表示过去应该做或完成)而没有做的事,我们经常翻译为“本该做…”。Imissedthetrain,soIhadtotakeataxi.(我没有选择,只有叫计程车)I’msorryI’mlate,Ishould(oroughtto)havetakenataxi.(我知道正确的做法应该是叫车来的,但是我没有叫。)Yououghtto(should)havebeenmorecarefulinthisexperiment.你当时在做试验时应该更仔细点。