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Lesson56Fasterthansound!Readthetext,tryingtokeepinmindsomeimportantdetails,thencloseyourbooksandanswerthefollowingquestions.•1.Howoftenistheraceheld?•2.WhywasaBenzunusualinlastyear’srace?•3.Whenwastheoldestcarbuilt?•4.Whydidsomedriversspendmoretimeundertheircarsthaninthem?•5.Whatwasthespeedofthewinningcar?•6.Whydidthedriverofthewinningcarhavealotoftroubletryingtostopit?•7.Whatdidtheracebringtopeople?【Newwordsandexpressions】•★soundn.声音•①n.声音•soundn.任何声音都可以•voicen.人的声音•noisen.和周围不和谐的声音,躁音•②v.听起来+adj./n.•③adj.合理的（等于reasonableadj.合理的,有道理的,通情达理的,讲道理的）•Ihaveapieceofsoundadvice.•我有一个合理的建议。•soundlyadv.deeply,completelyHesleepssoundly.•★excitementn.激动,兴奋•toone'sexcitement…令某人激动的是……•Themostexcitingthingisthat…最令人激动的是……•Themostsurprisingthingaboutitisthat最令人惊讶的事情是……•Itexcitedmethat…让我激动的是……•★handsomeadj.漂亮的,美观的•handsomeadj.形容男孩,英俊,一般与男孩子连用•handsome与人连用有阳刚的美，与物相连表示美观大方，并表示制作精良；handsome跟女性连用的时•候就表示这个女孩子有阳刚气，类似女侠的概念•Yourhusbandishandsome.•beautiful形容人的时候表示内在和外在美的统一,完美的概念•Youlookbeautiful.•Flowersarebeautiful.•Thepictureisbeautiful.•prettyadj.美丽(用于女孩或小孩)，有柔美之意•pretty跟男性连用就表示没有阳刚气，女性化•Yourwifeispretty.•prettyboy/prettygirl/prettywoman•niceadj.美好的(人，天气,食物,物品的品质等)•Youarenice.你长得不错•lovelyadj.可爱的•Thisisalovelystory.这是一个可爱的故事•good-lookingadj.很好看的•smartadj.小巧而美丽的(物)或时髦而美丽的(人)Sheissmart.•cuteadj.漂亮的，可爱的常用来形容小孩•Thebabyiscute.•Whatacutebaby!多漂亮的宝宝啊!•Howcuteyouare!你多漂亮啊!(可爱啊!)•★explosionn.爆炸,轰响•explosiven.爆炸物,炸药；adj.爆炸(性)的,爆发(性)的,暴露•explodevt.使爆炸；vi.爆炸,爆发,破除,推翻,激发•bombn.炸弹；vt.投弹于,轰炸•Thebombexploded.•★coursen.跑道，行程•①n.跑道，行程•onthecourse按照轨道运行•offcourse偏离轨道•ofcourse当然•②n.课程•Thisterm,Itook/takesevencourses.这学期我学了七门课•★rivaln.对手•competitionn.竞争,竞赛•Thepersonwhotakespartinthecompetition.•competitorn.竞争者,对手•rival和competitor都可以指比赛中的竞争者•oppositen.相反的事物；adj.相对的,对面的,对立的,相反的,对等的,对应的•opponentn.对手,反对者(持反对意见的人,同某人对立的敌方)•enemyn.敌人•rivaladj.势均力敌的；n.势均力敌的对手•★speed（sped，sped）v.疾驶•①v.疾驶，急行•Thepolicecarspedpastus.•Thetwomenspedoutoftheroom.•②n.速度•atthespeedof以……的速度•Thecargoesatthespeedof40milesanhour/at40milesanhour.•在车后的3speed/4speed表示档位•speedup速度的增加,加速；slowdown减速•blowup风力的增加•1、Onceayear,araceisheldforoldcars.•=Oldcarraceisheldonceayear.•once+表示时间的名词每……一次•Thepostmancallsonce/twiceaday.•beheldfor比赛为……而举行•2、Alotofcarsenteredforthisracelastyearandtherewasagreatdealofexcitementjustbeforeitbegan.•enterfor报名参加….•agreatdealof+不可数名词大量的……•Therewas/isagreatdealofexcitement.•人们非常激动•agreatnumberof+可数名词•agreatmany+可数名词许多……•alargeamountof+不可数名词•justbefore=just起强调作用•3、OneofthemosthandsomecarswasaRolls-RoyceSilverGhost.•oneof直接作主语的时候,它是做单数看待的•Oneoftheanswersisture.•Oneofthosepeopleisgood.•如果在定语从句中出现了oneof作为先行词，它后边的关系代词指代的是后面的复数名词；如果在oneof前面还有一修饰词only，那么后边的关系代词将指代one这个词，才作单数看。•Heistheonlyoneofthoserarepeoplewhobelievesinancientmyths.•Heisoneofthoserarepeoplewhobelieveinancientmyths.•4、Builtin1885,itwastheoldestcartakingpart.•Thecarwasbuiltin1885.•takingpart理解为takingpart(intherace)•5、Afteragreatmanyloudexplosions,theracebegan.•afterexplosions许多爆炸声之后•6、Manyofthecarsbrokedownonthecourseandsomedriversspentmoretimeundertheircarsthaninthem!•manycars；manyofthecars•manystudents；manyofmystudents•somepictures；someofthepicturesmostpeople;mostofthepeople•breakdown车子抛锚，（机械等）出故障，出毛病•ThismorningIwaslateforwork,becausemycarbrokedowntwice.•underthecar指在车下面修理；inthecar指正常驾驶。句中的under和in都是斜体，英文中的斜体字起强调作用•spentmoretimeundertheircarsthaninthem•他们花在车下的时间比在车里的时间还多•7、Thewinningcarreachedaspeedoffortymilesanhour--muchfasterthananyofitsrivals.•thewiningcar获胜车•aspeedof+数量词速度为……•Youmusthavebeendrivingataspeedofseventymilesanhour.•muchfaster快得多；alittlefaster快一点•anyofitsrivals＝anyrival任何一个•any在比较级中一旦出现,它往往要加可数名词的单数•Beijingisbiggerthananyothercity.（注意“other”不能丢）•如果是不定代词,可以说someoneelse,anyoneelse；如果不是不定代词,要在名词前加other.•anyothercompetitor•8、Itspeddownhillattheendoftheraceanditsdriverhadalotoftroubletryingtostopit.•attheendof…在……的末尾/最后部分•Hespokeafewwordsattheendofthemeeting.•havetrouble(in)doingsth.干……有麻烦，做……很困难（trouble既可数又不可数）•Theyhadsometroublefindingoutthecauseofthefire.•difficulty•9、Theracegaveeveryoneagreatdealofpleasure.•givesb.+n.给某人……•givesb.pleasure•Itwillgivesb.agreatdealofpleasure.•=Therewasagreatdealofexcitement.•givesb.afright吓了某人一跳•givesb.asurprise给某人一个惊喜•10、Itwasverydifferentfrommoderncarracesbutnolessexciting.•bedifferentfrom和……不同•AismuchdifferentfromB.•nomore和noless都表示“和……一样”,相当于only,thesame•Therearenomorethan10studentsintheroom.•这个房间仅有10个学生。•nolessexciting一样的激动•nomorethanyou和你一样•notlessexciting更令人激动•Hearingthenews,Iwasnotlesssurprisedthanyou.•【Keystructures】•比较关系的句型•as…as和……一样•thesame(…)as与……相同/同样•You’vemadethesamemistakeasTom.•有时thesame可以单独使用：•Mymotherismuchyoungerthanyours.•Sheisn’t!They’reaboutthesameage.•Thosetwodressarethesame.•notso…as/notas…as不如……•bedifferentfrom与……不同（different前面可加very，much，alittle等修饰语）•IsFrenchfoodverydifferentfromItalianfood?•AFrenchmancouldtellyoubetterthanIcan!•We’replanningsomethingdifferentthisyearfromwhatwedidlastyear.•litte和few在口语中多用notmuch，notmany代替：•Thereisn’tmuchsugar/aren’tmanysweets,butyoucanhavealittle/few.•much,many•alotof•lotsof•agreat/gooddealof+不可数