Ch2国际贸易理论与中国对外贸易思想

周英中央民族大学Ch2国际贸易理论与中国对外贸易贸易原因贸易模式福利分析要素流动与贸易政策分析第一节国际贸易理论综述古典国际贸易理论新古典国际贸易理论新贸易理论的前期学说当代新国际贸易理论（产业内贸易理论）新新贸易理论贸易理论的交叉学科保护主义贸易理论/发展中国家的贸易理论一、古典国际贸易理论（一）重商主义早期重商主义/重金主义/货币差额论。对外贸易差额论托马斯.孟，《英国得自对外贸易的财富，或我们的对外贸易差额是我们财富的尺度》。重农主义[法]魁奈，《经济表》——（二）斯密绝对利益学说《国民财富的性质和原因的研究》（三）李嘉图比较利益学说《政治经济学及赋税原理》二、新古典国际贸易理论古典国贸理论的新古典分析——边际分析赫克歇尔—俄林要素禀赋理论《地区间贸易与国际贸易》三、新贸易理论的前期学说（一）列昂惕夫反论及其解释国际贸易的新要素学说（人力资本说、研究与开发说、信息贸易理论）林德的需求偏好相似（重叠）论巴克尔的需求多样化理论克拉维斯的可获得性说（二）动态国际贸易学说筱原三代平的动态比较优势理论赤松的雁形理论波斯纳的技术差距贸易理论产品生命周期理论小岛清的边际产业理论四、当代新国际贸易理论（产业内贸易理论）（一）与完全竞争相协调的产业内贸易和规模经济垂直差异产品的产业内贸易——新H-O理论FalveyRE.1981.CommercialPolicyandIntral-IndustryTrade.JournalofInternationalEconomics11v.495~511水平差异产品的产业内贸易——HO-Ricardo方法DavisDR.1995.Intra-industrytrade:aHeckscher-Ohlin-RicardoApproach.JournalofInternationalEconomics,39.201~226外部规模经济下的国际贸易HelpmanE,PRKrugman.1985.MarketStructureandForeignTrade.TheMITPress内部规模经济的可竞争市场分析法HelpmanE,PRKrugman.1985.MarketStructureandForeignTrade.TheMITPress（二）垄断竞争、内部规模经济和水平差异产品的产业内贸易针对水平差异产品的两类需求偏好水平差异产品的产业内贸易考虑要素禀赋的产业间与产业内贸易综合模型SpenceMichaelE.1976.ProductSelection,FixedCosts,andMonopolisticCompetition.ReviewofEconomicStudies,43.217~236DixitAK,JEStiglitz.1977.MonopolisticCompetitionandOptimumProductDiversity.TheAmericanEconomicReview,67(3).297-308HelpmanE（三）寡头市场下同质产品的产业内贸易完全垄断市场下的贸易影响DixitAK,VNorman.1980.TheoryofInternationalTrade.CambridgeUniversityPress古诺寡头市场下贸易对卖者垄断程度的影响HelpmanE,PRKrugman.1985.MarketStructureandForeignTrade.TheMITPressBowenHP,HollanderA,ViaeneJM.1998.AppliedIinternationalTradeAnalysis.UniversityofMichiganPress古诺寡头市场下的相互倾销动机BowenHP,HollanderA,ViaeneJM.1998.AppliedIinternationalTradeAnalysis.UniversityofMichiganPress伯特兰德寡头贸易均衡KrepsDA,ScheinkmanJA.1983.QuantityPrecommitmentandBertrandCompetitionYieldCournotOutcomes.BellJournalofEconomics,4.326~327古诺寡头市场的战略性贸易政策——第三国市场模型BranderJA,BJSpencer.ExportSubsidiesandInternationalMarketShareRivalry.JournalofInternationalEconomics,18(1985).83-100.五、新新贸易理论Melitzv模型新新贸易理论对跨国经营模式的解释Melitzv,MarcJ.2003.TheImpactofTradeonIntra-industryReallocationsandAggregateIndustryProductivity.Econometrica71(November):1695-1725AntràsPol,(2003)“Firms,Contracts,andTradeStructure,”QuarterlyJournalofEconomics118(4):1375–1418.AntràsPolandElhananHelpman,(2004)“GlobalSourcing,”JournalofPoliticalEconomy112:3,552-580.AntràsPol,(2005)“IncompleteContractsandtheProductCycle,”AmericanEconomicReview95(4):1054–73.Antràs,Pol,LuisGaricanoandEstebanRossi-Hansberg,(2006)“OffshoringinaKnowledgeEconomy,”QuarterlyJournalofEconomics121:1,31-77.BernardA.J.BradfordJensenStephenJ.ReddingPeterK.Schott,(2007)“FirmsinInternationalTrade,”JournalofEconomicPerspectives,Forthcoming.HelpmanE.M.MelitzandS.Yeaple,(2004)“Exportsvs.FDIwithHeterogeneousFirms,”AmericanEconomicReviewMarch,300-316.HelpmanE,(2006)“Trade,FDI,andtheOrganizationofFirms,”JournalofEconomicLiteratureVolXLIV,589—630.MelitzM,(2003)“TheImpactofTradeonIntra-industryReallocationsandAggregateIndustryProductivity,”EconometricaVol.71,1695-1725.StephenYeaple,(2005)“FirmHeterogeneity,InternationalTradeandWages,”JournalofInternationalEconomics65,1-20.WagnerJoachim,(2007)“ExportsandProductivity:ASurveyoftheEvidencefromFirm-LevelData,”TheWorldEconomyVol.30,No.1,60-82.六、贸易理论的交叉学科（一）贸易理论与管理学国家竞争优势钻石模型MichaelE.Porter.CompetitiveStrategy.FreePress,1980MichaelE.Porter.CompetitiveAdvantage.FreePress,1985MichaelE.Porter.CompetitiveAdvantageofNations.1990MichaelE.Porter.OnCompetition,UptatedandExpandedEdition.2008（二）空间经济学/新经济地理Head,K.,T.Mayer,andJ.Ries(2000)Onthepervasivenessofhomemarketeffects,Economica69,371-390.*Krugman,P.(1991)Increasingreturnsandeconomicgeography,JournalofPoliticalEconomy99,483-499*KrugmanP.andA.Venables(1995)Globalizationandtheinequalityofnations,QuarterlyJournalofEconomics110,857-880Ottaviano,G.I.P.,T.TabuchiandJ.-F.Thisse(2002)AgglomerationandTradeRevisited,InternationalEconomicReview43,409-436Forslid,R,Ottaviano,G.I.P.(2003)Ananalyticallysolvablecore-peripherymodel,JournalofEconomicGeography3,229-240《空间经济学——城市、区域与国际贸易》（三）跨国公司JamesR·Markusen《跨国公司与国际贸易理论》——知识资本模型ThisstrandofmodelsusealotofpreviouscontributionssuchasHart-Mooreincompletecontracttheory,Melitzfirmheterogeneitymodeland/orsearchingmodels.WewillfocusonAntras'contributionAntras,P.(2003)Firms,contracts,andtradestructure,QuarterlyJournalofEconomics118,1375-1418.*Antràs,P.(2005),IncompleteContractsandtheProductCycle,AmericanEconomicReview95(4):1054-1073（四）贸易理论与宏观经济学（内生性增长）贸易，增长和要素比例边做边学（Learning-by-Doing）*Antras,P.andE.Helpman(2004)GlobalSourcing,JournalofPoliticalEconomy112,552-580.Feenstra,R.(1998)Integrationoftradeanddisintegrationofproductionintheglobaleconomy,JournalofEconomicPerspectives12,31-50.Grossman,G.andE.Helpman(2002)Integrationvs.outsourcinginindustryequilibrium,QuarterlyJournalofEconomics117,85-120Helpman,E.(2006)Trade,FDIandOrganizationofFirms.MimeoHummels,D.,J.Ishii,andK.-M.Yi(2001)Thenatureandgrowthofverticalspecializationinworldtrade,JournalofInternationalEconomics54,75-96.Marin,D.andT.Verdier(20