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:2008-02-18:,,,,,33123(1.,100084;2.,100875;3.,100101),1997-2006,:1997-2006,,1999-2005,1997,19982006;,1000050000t,1997-200210%,,200618.8%(),,;;F206A1002-2104(2008)03-0069-07,,19972000t,2006,1.7t,2020,4.55t,2t,60%[1],,10%[2],,20004700,2006,17600,,,1994,200024120061775,,20072750,,??1,,,,[3][4],embodiedenergyEmbodiedenergy1974,(IFIAS),,embodied;,embodied,[5],,,Odumemergy()[6]Emergyembodiedenergy,[5]2090,TonyAllyembodied,(virtualwater),[3,78]2090,962008183CHINAPOPULATION,RESOURCESANDENVIRONMENTVol.18No.32008WiliamWackernagel,,(Ecologicalfootprint),(,,,,,)[910],,embodiedembodied:,;,,,,embodied,embodied,Embodied,,embodied2090,,embodied,,:[1112][1314][1517][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][2526,34],[34,15,17,19,23,25][1213,1517,1921,26][18],[1112][20,22],[14]2006,,,20022003,GDP[3],,LiHong1997,20,1996-2004,,2004[25]ShuiandHarrissEconomicInputOutput-LifeCycleAssessment,,1997-2003,,7%14%[26],,,2002122,20001042001-2005,24%33%,,20%27%[4],22.1,:E=ni=1Mii(1),E,Mii,,ii,,[27],[3],,,,,,,ji,ji,aij,aij=Xij/Xj(2)aijA,Abij,j,ibijBAB[27]:B=(E-A)-1-E(3),,,i,2.2,,,,:(1)1992,HS(The0720083HarmonizationCodeSystem)HS2298,,,HS,98(2)2002[28](,2006),122HS,HS,122,,98(3),,,,,,,,,,,(),;,,,,(4)200220022002,,,,(1)11997-2005Tab.1AmendedparametersofenergyintensityofChinaandJapanin1997-2005199719981999200020012002200320042005a101.94101.1299.71100.11100.81100.00101.20105.15107.04a8.298.288.288.288.288.288.288.288.19b1.381.231.121.040.991.001.051.101.08c100.03100.70100.37100.0099.2098.3198.0798.0597.49d120.83130.40113.54107.70121.59124.96115.80108.13109.97e0.990.981.001.000.990.980.980.970.97:a12006;b11997-2005GDP,;c1,://://(5),,,,:,(6),,,,,,,,,,:,,33.1,,,,,,,,(1)1,17:,,,,1,1997-2006,,,,1997-200212%,2002,2006,26%1997-200628t,200611997-2006Fig.1AccountingmaximumofembodiedenergybenetexportedininternationaltradeinChinain1997-2006,,,21997-2006,1997-2003,7000t,4%;2003,200415000t,2003,200617000t,?,,33,1997-2006,,1000050000t1997-200210%,,200621997-2006Fig.2ActualenergyinimportandexportinChinain1997-200631997-2006(+)()Fig.3Totalenergy(embodiedenergyaddactualenergy)benetexportedinChinain1997-2006(maximum)18.8%,,,,?,3.2,,(),:,,,,,272008344,,,,,4,,1997-2004,2%,2004,20068%,41997-2006Fig.4AccountingminimumofembodiedenergybenetexportedininternationaltradeinChinain1997-2006,,51999-2005,,10010000t;1997,19982006,,15003500t1997-2004,,2004-2006,(),0.6%4.5%,,,4(1),,1997-2006,,1000050000t;,,,2004-2006,,2003,,,(2),,,51997-2006(+)()Fig.5Totalenergy(embodiedenergyaddactualenergy)beexportedinChinain1997-2006(minimum),,5,,,,,,(3),,,E,P,,1.5E,0.5P,3E,(PurchasingPowerParities,PPP),(4),;,37:2a:Tab.2Importandexportofforeigninvestedenterprisesaccountfortheproportionofthetotalimportandexport19971998199920002001200220032004200520060.4100.4410.4550.4790.5010.5220.5480.5710.5830.5820.5460.5470.5180.5210.5170.5430.5620.5780.5870.597-0.0690.0990.0920.0870.3240.3190.3290.4390.5560.514a.1997-2005,20061997,15%,2006,34%,,,,21997-20061997,1997-2006,,2005,200650%,,(EnergyandEcologicalFootprints),,(:)(References)[1].[J].,2007,(13):4144.[WuShuang.SummaryofChinasEnergySecurity[J].ReviewofEconomicResearch,2007,(13):4144.][2].[J].,2006,(23):4345.[SongYuchun.ChineseFutureEnergySecurityDrawAttentiontoWesternNations[J].EconomicAnalysisofChinaPetroleumandChemicalIndustry.2006,(23).2343.][3],.[J].,2006,(21):320323.[ZhouZhitian,YangDuogui.VirtualEnergy-aNewVisualAngletoAnalyzetheHypernormalGrowthrateofEnergyConsumptioninChina[J].AdvancesinEarthScience.2006,(21):320323.][4].[D].:,2007.[LiuFeng.ResearchonEnergyConsumptionofTradeinChina[D].Beijing:TsinghuaUniversity,2007.][5]BrownMT,HerendeenRA.EmbodiedEnergyAnalysisandEMERGYAnalysis:aComparativeView[J].EcologicalEconomics.1996,19(3):219235.[6]OdumHT.Self2organization,TransformityandInformation[J].Science,1998,(242):11321139.[7]AllanJA.VirtualWater:aLongTermSolutionforWaterShortMiddleEasternEconomics?PaperPresentedatthe1997BritishAssociationFestivalofScience[M].Leeds:UniversityofLeedsPress,1997:2429.[8].[J].,2003,(4):260265.[ChengGuodong.VirtualWater2aNewThinkingontheStrategyofWaterResourceSafetyinChina[J].BulletinofChineseAcademyofScience,2003,(4):260265.][9],,.[J].,2000,(15):630636.[YangKaizhong,YangYong,ChenJie.EcologicalFootprintAnalysis:Concept,MethodandCases[J].AdvanceinEarthScience,2000,(15):630636.][10],,.[J].,2007,(22):872878.[WangXuemei,ZhangZhiqiang,XiongYonglan.ABibliometricalAnalysisofStatusandTrendsofInternationalEcologicalFootprintResearch[J].AdvanceinEarthScience,2007,(22):872878.][11]ReindersAH,VringerK,BlokK.TheDirectandIndirectEnergyRequirementofHouseholdsintheEuropeanUnion[J].EnergyPolicy,2003,31(2):139153.[12]AhmadN,WyckoffAW.CarbonDioxideEmissionsEmbodiedinInternationalTradeofGoods[EB/OL].OECDpublications.[13]AckermanF,IshikawaM,SugaM.TheCarbonContentofJapan2USTrade[J].EnergyPolicy,2007,35(9):44554462.[14]KondoY,MoriguchiY,ShimizuH.CO2EmissionsinJanpan