搜索
中南民族大学硕士学位论文社会壁垒对我国出口贸易影响研究——兼论少数民族地区应对社会壁垒的特殊性姓名：王厚义申请学位级别：硕士专业：中国少数民族经济指导教师：沈道权20080501IIIAbstractWiththedevelopmentoftheeconomicglobalizationandtradeliberalizationtradeplaysamoreandmoreimportantroleinthedevelopmentofeconomyManyacountrystressestheimportanceofinternationaltrade.Duringthoseyears,thevolumeofinternationaltradekeepsgrowing.However,someproblemshiddenintheworldtradeemergegradually.Manyacountryononehandtakesmeasurestoboostitsforeigntradeontheotherhandblocktheimportofgoodstoitscountryinvariousways.FormtheendoftheSecondWorldWartotheendofthe1970ssuchrestrictionsweremainlyhightariffbarriers.Formthemiddleofthetwentiethcenturyaftertheharshnegotiationtheaveragelevelofworldtariffswereloweredtremendouslytheprotectionfunctionsoftariffswasstrictlylimited.OnthisbackgroundthetradeprotectivemeasuresfordevelopedcountrieshaveshiftedfromtariffstotraditionalNTBimport-exportquotasystempermitadministrationvoluntaryrestrictionofexportforeignexchangecontrolandsoonwerewidelyused.Fromtheendofthe1990’sdependingontheadvantagesoftheadvancedtechnologysomenewNTBssuchastechnicalbarriersgreentradebarriershavecomeintobeingoneafteranother.ScholarshavedonemuchresearchonthosesubjectsandmanyachievementshavecomeuponandthenIdon’twanttosayheremorethanisnecessary.Thisthesistendstostudyontradebarriersinanewvantageafterabriefreviewonthestatusquoanewconceptisputupi.esocialbarriersontrade.Itisquitedifferentfromthetraditionalsocialbarrierswhichconcentratedmainlyonthetradeprotectionbasedontheexcusesoftheworkers’workingenvironmentworkingconditionsandtheirrightstoliveandsoon.FromthispointofviewthetraditionalsocialbarrieronlyreferstoSocialAccountability8000(SA8000forshort)anditsrelatedregulations.InthisthesishoweverIdefinedthesocialbarriersontradeasasetofregulationsconcerningpoliticshistorycultureethnicemotionsandsoon.Thosetradebarriersconsistofanimalwelfarebarriersethnicmisunderstandingsandthetradebarriersoriginatedfrompoliticalfactorsandsoon.Thisdefinitionenlargestheexpansionofthesocialbarrierwhichmakesforasystemicstudyonthissubject.Afteranewdefinitionwassetthethesisanalysisthemainlyformsofsocialbarriersthenanalysisitsimpactsonourforeigntradeindynamicandstaticways.Itshowsthatnomatterintheshortorlongterm,thesocialbarriershaveinfluencedourinternationaltradenegatively,butrespectinglabors’rightsandcultureisanirreversibletrend,wemustfollowthistrendtoboostourtrade.AccordingtoproblemsconcerningIIIsocialbarrierssomecountermeasureswereputupinthreelayersi.e.governmentpositionbusinessunionpositionandenterpriseposition.Atlastthisthesisalsomentionssomeproblemstheregionsinhabitedbyethnicgroupsshouldpayattentionto.KeywordsSocialbarriers;SA8000;Moralbarriers;Ethnicareas1______212.345100InternationalLaborOrganization199313SA8000(SocialAccountability8000InternationalStandardSA8000)IS09000SGSICSCEPAASA8000SA8000SA8000SA8000..(11):10-116SA8000(SocialAccountability8000InternationalStandard)(ILO)1997(SAISocialAccountabilityInternational)SA8000SA8000ISO9000ISO14000SA8000SGSICSCEPAASA8000()SA8000123456789ISO9000SA8000SA8000SA8000SA8000.SA8000.(11):10-11,.SA8000..2005,133(3):34-377SA8000SA8000SA8000SA80001912...2007,1(1):70-74...2006,27(2):108-11188h8h3123456...2006,27(2):108-11193-411191911...2006,9(9):114-116101921191844.9%1919192124.5%1922192324.2%1217200471112151990-20048000313Lobbying12,.2007,22(1):52-5313Loong,.blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4bdfda2e01000bg7.html,2007-11-41160-70WTOSA800019SA80001997(SAISocialAccountabilityInternational)122001WT01520073691414..,2004,7750-5213123P1P10Q2Q1QAC1AC3AC2141ACPQ1P1AC2Q2AC32APQACP0Q02AAC1AC2P1-P02BQ0P0P1(A)P1P00Q0AC1QAC2(B)P00Q0AC1QP152B3L1P1X1M1XMU1SA8000XL2X1X2M1M2MXMXP2XMX2M2U2U115GDPXM15...2005,78-79MOM1M2U1U2P1P2XX1X2L1L2161616,,2007,23(7):57-5917(A.Smith)(D.Ricado)(Heckscher)(BertilGotthardOhlin)SA8000250~30030000~60000800001717..,2006,149(11):10-1118(1985)18(,1947)SA800018.SA8000.,2005,8(8):210-2111917200471112151990-200480001919Loong..blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4bdfda2e01000bg7.html,2007-11-420200448552020TED1995500020,.,2006,12(12):18-1921200522122SA80001231978-199615%1997SA800021,.,2006,12(12):18-1922.SA8000.,2005,8(8):210-211221978-1996SA80001995200485%SA80004PPF1EOX1XOM1MSA8000PPF3E1EYOM1M3PPF2XX3X1E2PPF1X2M2PPF323E1OX3XOM3MSA8000PPF2(SA8000)E2OX2XOM2M100SA8000SA8000SA8000VMPW()WVMPWSA8000SA800024WTO200352(DOC)200351422.94%26.37%9.69%5.22%TCL21.25%78.45%5212312323,.,2005,7(1):62-6725WTOWTOSA8000SA800060SA8000IS09000SA80004004800024SA8000SA8000SA800024.SA8000..2004,3(3):32-3426200282634SA80002161.8%1132.4%926.5%3325SA8000;197619792001427199620012625,.SA8000.,2004,3(3):43-4626...2006,27(2):108-11127ILO12()28150%2345%52%79.4420045933.74507.6%2.1%27TED19952002SA800027,..,2007,06(505):38-3929200485%SA800050%SA8000SA80002828..,2007,08(08):62-64302004SA8000200485%SA800029198930(1)29,SA8000.,2005,8(8):210-21130,.,2006,9(9):30-3131(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)3220021220509465555003131(develop