第二章 区域贸易集团与全球化

国际贸易地理作者：李荣庆责任编辑：张琛出版日期：2009年9月IDPN：308-2009-158课件章数：17Unit2RegionalTradeGroupsandGlobalization区域贸易集团与全球化InthisUnit,youwilllearn:1）Lead-in中文导读2）GlobalizationandInternationalTrade全球化和国际贸易3）RealMerchandiseTradeDevelopments商品贸易发展4）Asia’sMerchandiseTrade亚洲的商品贸易APECNAFTAEUSAARCCEDEAO1.Howmanyregionaltradegroupsintheworld?Twenty-six.Lead-inQuestions2.Whyneighbourcountrieswouldliketoattendacertaintradegroup?Reference:Theyusuallybelongtoonecontinentorthesameplateingeography.Sotheyhavesimilarweather,similartopography,similarnaturalresources,similarculture,similarreligions,etc..Therefore…Lead-inQuestionsTheycansharetheresources,producesimilarproductswithsimilareconomicstructure,andenhancecooperationtoincreaseeconomicbenefits.北美自由贸易区由美国、加拿大和墨西哥3国组成，是在原美国、加拿大自由贸易区基础上的扩大和延伸，美、加、墨三国于1992年8月12日宣布成立一个横跨北美洲的自由贸易区，并于1994年1月1日起施行。此协议促使三国的3亿8千余万的消费者组成了一个庞大的市场，国民生产毛额达7兆7367亿美元，而出口总值6134亿美元，进口总值7728亿美元。•截至２００７年９月，亚太经合组织共有２１个成员.•亚太经合组织总人口达２６亿，约占世界人口的４０％；国内生产总值之和超过１９万亿美元，约占世界的５６％；贸易额约占世界总量的４８％。这一组织在全球经济活动中具有举足轻重的地位。What’syourunderstandingofglobalization?Pre-readingQuestions1.interdependence2.boundary3.impediment4.financial5.constraint相互依赖国界阻碍，障碍金融的，财政上的限制VocabularyAccordingtotheparagraphtwoandthree,summarizetherelationshipbetweenglobalizationandinternationaltradeinyourownwords.ComprehensionReference：Globalizationmakesinternationaltradebecomefeasible.Moreover,itincreasetheeffectivenessofinternationaltrade.Meanwhile,theinternationaltradepromotetheformingofglobalization.Whyitissaid“thehistoryoftheworldisahistoryofexploration,conquestandtradebysea”?DiscussionRealmerchandisetrade:clock，clothes,cotton,food,paper,car…Servicetrade:labour,tourism,study…Canyoulistmore?Lead-inQuestionsExports(%)Imports(%)2005200620052006NorthAmerica6.08.56.56.5SouthandCentralAmerica8.02.014.010.5Europe4.07.54.07.0CommonwealthofIndependentStates(CIS)3.53.018.020.0AfricaandMiddleEast5.01.013.08.5Asia11.513.58.08.5World6.58.0Tableofannualpercentagechangeofdifferentareas.Table1Chart21.variation:somethingalittledifferentfromothers2.attribute:leadtosomethinghappen3.merchandise:tangibleproducts4.import:buysomethingfromothercountriesVocabulary5.export:sellproductstoothercountries6.considerable:alargeamountof7.integration:theactionofincorporatingaracialorreligiousgroupintoacommunity8.stagnate:standstillVocabularyWhataretheinfluencesofincreasingordecreasingexporttoacountry?DiscussionSomeAsiancountries:JapanChinaIndiaKoreaSingaporeThailandVietnamBangladeshCambodiaMongoliaBackgroundNotesChinacontinuedtorecordthehighestexportandimportgrowth,andasitsexportgrowthcontinuedtoexceeditsimportgrowth,themerchandisetradesurplusrosesharply.Exports(%)Imports(%)2005200620052006China25.022.011.516.5BackgroundNotes1.morethantheotherpartcompared:surplus剩余的，多余的2.animpellingforce:momentum动力3.slowdown:slacken停滞4.fallbehind:lag落后5.anareainwhichsomethingacts:range范围,区域6.theportiongotbydividingsomething:share份额VocabularyWhichcountrydoyouthinkplaysthemostimportantroleinAsia’strade?Andwhy?Discussion