进出口实务2

InternationalTradeTermsChapterTwo22.1ThreesetsofrulesWarsaw-OxfordRules1932RevisedAmericanForeignTradeDefinitions1941InternationalRulesfortheInterpretationofTradeTerms20103Warsaw-OxfordRules1932Initiallyin1928--“WarsawRules,1928”22provisionsgoverningtherightsandobligationsofthepartiestoasaleofgoodsonCIF(Cost,InsuranceandFreight)contractterms.Revisedin1932--the“Warsaw-OxfordRules1932”21provisionsagainmainlyaboutCIF4RevisedAmericanForeignTradeDefinitions1941Defines6terms:ExPointofOriginFOB(freeonboard)FAS(freealongside)6variantsofFOBFOB(namedinlandcarrieratnamedinlandpointofdeparture)FOB(namedinlandcarrieratnamedinlandpointofdeparture)FreightPrepaidto(namedpointofexportation)FOB(namedinlandcarrieratnamedinlandpointofdeparture)FreightAllowedto(namedpointofexportation)FOB(namedinlandcarrieratnamedinlandpointofexportation)FOBVessel(namedportofshipment)≈Incoterms’FOBFOB(namedinlandpointincountryofimportation)C&F(CostandFreight)CIF(Cost,InsuranceandFreight)ExDock(NamedPortofImportation)5InternationalRulesfortheInterpretationofTradeTerms2010(Incoterms2010)1936--firstcreatedbyInternationalChamberofCommerce(ICC)ThepurposesofIncoterms:TogivethebusinessmenasetofinternationalrulesfortheinterpretationofthemostcommonlyusedtradetermsToclarifytheobligationsofthebuyerandthesellerTosimplifythecontractnegotiationsTosavetimeandcostRevisedin1953,1967,1976,1980,1990,2000,2010Incoterms2010includes11terms.62.2BasicsofIncoterms20102.2.1ScopeofGovernancePartiesinvolved:concerningonly2parties--seller&buyerDocumentapplied:onlytothecontractofsaleSpecificaspectsgoverned:onlysettlemattersconcerningthedeliveryoftangiblesgoodssoldFocusingonlyonthedeliveryoftangiblegoodsDeliveryalsoindicatingthetransferofobligations,costandriskdistributionbetweentheparties72.2.1ScopeofGovernanceObligationObligation--alegaldutytodosomethingaccordingtoacertainagreement.universallyacceptedobligation,eg:theseller--providegoodsinconformitywiththecontractThebuyer--paythepriceasstipulatedinthecontractotherobligations:handlethecustomsclearance,carriageofgoods,insurance82.2.1ScopeofGovernanceCostlocalandoverseastransportationandinsurancecostsgoodscheckingandinspectionexpenses,customsclearancechargesloadingandunloadingchargesofthegoodsatsomeparticulartransportpointsTransferofrisk“Risk”referstoaccidentaldamagetothegoods.time:whendoestheriskpassfromthesellerstothebuyers?92.2.2CategorizationofTerms13termsintofourcategoriesE-term—theselleronlymakesthegoodsavailabletothebuyerattheseller'sownpremises.F-terms—theselleriscalledupontodeliverthegoodstoacarrierappointedbythebuyer.C-terms—thesellerhastocontractforcarriage,butwithoutassumingtheriskoflossordamagetothegoodsoradditionalcostsduetoeventsoccurringaftershipmentordispatch.D-terms—thesellerhastobearallcostsandrisksneededtobringthegoodstotheplaceofdestination.10Incoterms2010GroupEDepartureEXWExWorks(…namedplace)工厂交货（…指定地点）GroupFMainCarriageunpaidFCAFreeCarrier(…namedplace)货交承运人（…指定地点）FASFreeAlongsideShip(…namedportofshipment)船边交货（…指定装运港）FOBFreeonBoard(…namedportofshipment)船上交货（…指定装运港）GroupCMainCarriagepaidCFRCostandFreight(…namedportofdestination)成本加运费（…指定目的港）CIFCost,InsuranceandFreight(…namedportofdestination)成本、保险费加运费（…指定目的港）CPTCarriagePaidto(…namedplaceofdestination)运费付至（…指定目的地）CIPCarriageandInsurancePaidto(…namedplaceofdestination)运费保险费付至（…指定目的地）GroupDArrivalDATDeliveredatTerminal(…namedterminalatportorplaceofdestination)运输终端交货（…指定港口或目的地的运输终端）DAPDeliveredatPlace(…namedplaceofdestination)目的地交货（…指定目的地）DDPDeliveredDutyPaid(…namedplaceofdestination)完税后交货（…指定目的地）112.2.3BriefofIncotermsThe“E”term(EXW)Seller’sobligationmin.Placingthegoodsatthedisposalofthebuyerattheagreedplace—usuallyhisownpremisesInpractice,alsoincludingassistingthebuyerinloadingthegoodsonthebuyer’scollectingvehiclewithoutchargingaloadingfeeForthebuyertogetlowerprice,buttoodemandingforhim,thereforeonlyappliedtobuyershavingoffshorebranches12EXWDelivery:atseller’spremisesTransferofrisks:goodsatthedisposalofthebuyerPackagingandloading:Usu.sellernoobligationforexportpackagingandloading;ExportcustomsclearanceUsu.buyer’sresponsibility,sometimessellerdoesitforbuyer,butbearsnorisks13The“F”terms(FCA,FAS,FOB)ShipmentcontractSellerdeliversthegoodsforcarriageasinstructedbythebuyerbuyerpaysfreightandsignscarriagecontractwithcarrierandnotifysellerFAS&FOBonlyforseaorinlandwaterwaytransportationmodeSeller’sobligation,costandrisktransferstobuyerafterdeliveryofthegoodsSeller—exportinglicenseandexportcustomsclearanceBuyer—importinglicenseandimportcustomsclearance14FCAFreeCarrier(….Namedplace)Transferofrisksgoodsatthedisposalofthe(1st)carrierDeliverypointIfatseller’ssite,sellerresponsibleforloadingIfanywhereelse,sellerresponsiblefordeliveringthegoodstothepointrequired,butnotresponsibleforunloadingorreloading15FASFreeAlongsideShip(…namedportofshipment)Deliverypoint:atportofshipmentTransferofrisk:goodsputalongsidethevesselIfvesselunabletoentertheportduetoforcemajeure,thesellerisresponsibleforarrangingand