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19.犯罪题材Crime引言青少年犯罪话题是否应限制媒体中的犯罪细节持续犯罪的原因以及解决途径犯罪后应该被关进监狱还是应该进行社区服务延长刑期是不是减低犯罪的最有效方法对待犯罪分子，提高教育和工作的培训是不是比将他们送进监狱的更好办法出现反社会的原因及解决方法女性选择步入职场，没时间照看家庭是导致青少年犯罪的原因之一么犯罪话题真题再现20080816TherearenowdetailedreportsaboutcrimesonTVandnewspapers.Somepeoplesaythatcrimedetailsshouldberestrictedinthemedia.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagreewiththisopinion?关键词解读：是否限制媒体上的犯罪细节2009917Somepeoplethinklawbreakersshouldbesenttoprisonswhileothersclaimtheyshouldbemadetoworkincommunities.Discussbothandgiveyourownopinion.关键词解读：将犯罪分子关进监狱还是进行社区服务20090613Researchsuggeststhatthemajorityofcriminalswhoweresenttoprisonwouldcontinuetocommitcrimeswhensetfree.Whydoyouthinkthisisthecase?Whatcanbedonetosolvethisproblem?关键词解读：持续犯罪的原因20100130Todaythereisagreatincreaseinanti-socialbehaviorandlackofrespecttoothers.Whatarethecausesofthis?Whatmeasurescanbetakentoreducethisproblem？关键词解读：分析反社会行为的原因20100805Inmanypartsoftheworldchildrenandteenagersarecommittingmorecrimes.Whyisthiscasehappening?Howshouldchildrenorteenagersbepunished?关键词解读：青少年犯罪链接机经关键词◎青少年犯罪的原因(thereasonsforthegrowingnumberofjuveniledelinquency)青少年犯罪成上升趋势(theincreasingnumberofyoungoffenders/teenagecriminals)青少年走上犯罪的道路(embarkonthecriminalroad)的原因是多种多样的(manifold)其一是：例如在单亲家庭(singleparentfamily)，缺乏家庭的关爱及正确的引导(lackofconnectednessandlackofparentalcare)，甚至是有些家庭存在着家庭暴力(domesticviolence/familyviolence)，不要给孩子贴上消极意义的标签(label)其二是：社会的原因(beledastrayinthecomplicatedsociety)其三是：科技的原因，互联网和手机为犯罪提供了新的渠道(anewavenueforcommittingcrimes)其四是：学校的原因，学生承受的同伴带来的压力及学业压力、竞争压力(peerpressureand2studypressure,theheatedcompetition)其五是：媒体上包括电视、电影、广告等上面的暴力和血腥的场面(theviolentscenesonthemedia，pornographicorvulgarformsofmedia)。其六是：青少年犯罪心理(psychologyofjuveniledelinquency)◎怎样尽量避免青少年犯罪为了降低犯罪(crackdownyouthcrime)，在解决减少犯罪方面共同努力(joinhandsinminimizingtherateofcrime)：教育起着不和或缺的作用(Educationhasanindispensableroletoplay)，对于家庭教育(parentingrole)，家长要教孩子(respectothers，observetherulesandregulationsofschool)，给孩子树立正确的人生观和世界观(worldoutlookandasetofdecentvalues)。学校应该丰富学生们的生活(enrichstudents’life)，开设各种各样的活动(variousactivities)，培养友谊(buildupfriendship)，树立自信(confidence)和对未来的憧憬(aspirationforthefuture)。一个重要的原因可以被归结为新的科技媒介上的信息泛滥(onetheofmostcontributingfactorsofyouthcrimecouldbeattributedtothewideaccesstothetechnologicalproductslikemobilephonesandbloodycontentsonTV),因此政府部门应该加强对媒体的监管(thesupervisionofthemedia)，媒体上的犯罪细节应该加以控制，因为年轻人的世界观和价值观在形成的过程中，有时缺乏辨别是非的能力(distinguishbetweentherightandwrong)；同时加强对网络游戏(computergames)和网吧(cybercafé)的管理。词汇部分commitcrimes犯罪【题干原句】Researchsuggeststhatthemajorityofcriminalswhoweresenttoprisonwouldcontinuetocommitcrimeswhensetfree.研究表明关进监狱的大部分犯罪分子被释放后还会持续犯罪。词汇拓展commitacrime犯罪crimeprevention预防犯罪pettycrime轻微犯罪crackdowncrime打击犯罪blackmail勒索hijack劫持kidnap绑架plunder抢劫shoplift入店行窃smuggle走私gamble赌博pirate盗版criminaln.罪犯adj.刑事的，犯罪的，罪恶的【经典搭配】criminalminds犯罪心理criminalmotivation犯罪动机criminalrecord[法]犯罪记录3【题干原句】Habitualcriminalsthreatenthepublicsecuritytoalargedegree.惯犯从很大程度上威胁着公共安全。crimedetails犯罪细节【题干原句】TherearenowdetailedreportsaboutcrimesonTVandnewspapers.Somepeoplesaythatcrimedetailsshouldberestrictedinthemedia.现在电视、报纸会有犯罪的详细报道。有些人认为媒体应该限制犯罪细节的报道。思路拓展限制媒体上的犯罪细节①Would-becriminalslearnhowtocommitcrimesthroughthecrimedetailsreportedonTV,andtherateofcrimewillbehoveringathighlevel.（潜在犯罪分子会学习犯罪细节，犯罪率会继续上升）②detailedreportsofcrimesmaybethenightmarestothevictims,especiallyofthegraphicaccountsofcrimes.（对于受害者来说不公平，尤其是出现一些关于他们的画面）juveniledelinquency青少年犯罪【同义表达】youthcrime青少年犯罪【经典搭配】preventionofjuveniledelinquency预防青少年违法犯罪【题干原句】Manyoftheproblemsyoungpeoplenowexperience,suchasjuveniledelinquency,arisefromthefactthatmanymarriedwomennowworkandarenotathometocarefortheirchildren.现在年轻人面临的像青少年犯罪等问题，是源自于许多已婚女性走进职场，无法在家照看孩子。词汇拓展关于“青少年”的几种说法adolescentjuvenileteenagerunderageyoungsteryouthcrimerate犯罪率【题干原句】Thebestwaytodecreasethecrimerateistoextendtheperiodofsentenceforcriminals.降低犯罪率最好的方法就是延长罪犯的刑期。juvenilecrimerate青少年犯罪率【同义表达】adolescentcrimerate青少年犯罪率therateofcrimeamongyouth青少年犯罪率therateofyouthcrime青少年犯罪率【即学即用】Juvenilecrimeratehasarousedgreatconcerninthesociety.青少年违法犯罪率问题已经成为社会关注程度最高的问题之一。思路拓展Reasonsfortherisingrateofjuveniledelinquency1学校的压力Failureinschool:Themountingpressurefromschoolandsocietygivesrisetotheyouth4crime.Foronething,theyareconfrontedwiththeexam-orientededucationandsufferfromthestudypressure.Failureatschoolincludespooracademicperformance,poorattendance,ormorelikely,droppingoutofschool.Thisisanimportantfactorforpredictingfuturecriminalbehavior.Leavingschoolearlyreducesthechancethatjuvenileswilldeveloptheirsocialskillsthataregainedinschool,suchaslearningtomeetdeadlines,followinginstructions,andbeingabletodealconstructivelywiththeirpeers.2.社会影响SocialFactorsChangesinthesocialstructuremayindirectlyaffectjuvenilecrimerates.Forexample,changesintheeconomythatleadtofewerjobopportunitiesforyouthandrisingunemploymentingeneral.Whentheyenterthesocietytoseekajob,prejudice,misunderstandingandbiasarethebarriersandmaycreatethealienation.3.家庭影响LackofParentalSupervisionFamilieshavealsoexperiencedchangeswiththelast25years.Morefamiliesconsistofone-parenthouseholdsortwoworkingparents;conse