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成人高等学历教育毕业设计（论文）基于PLC的电梯控制系统设计学生姓名：xxx学号：2xxx指导教师：xx年级专业：xx级电气工程及其自动化重庆大学继续教育学院二〇一六年五月重庆大学成人高等学历教育毕业设计（论文）中文摘要I摘要随着城市化进程地不断加快，高层建筑己经越来越多。电梯作为垂直交通工具，发挥的作用也越来越大。电梯是为高层建筑运输服务的设备，它具有运送速度快、安全可靠、操作简便的优点。继电器控制是电梯产业中最为传统的一种控制方式。继电器控制系统存在很多缺点与不足，如：故障率高、维护不方便、耗能比较大、编程繁琐等缺点。从人们对电梯的需求出发，这种系统己经满足不了人们日常的需求，将逐渐被淘汰。本文将可编程序控制器(PLC)应用于五层电梯控制系统，此种控制方式具有易编程、易维护、抗干扰性强、安全稳定性强等优点。大大提高了电梯安全性、舒适感、灵活性与可维护性，缩短了电梯的开发周期，同时降低了电梯的损耗。PLC控制系统作为电梯的控制方式能满足人们可靠性、安全性、舒适性等需求，己经成为当今电梯控制系统的一种发展潮流。PLC在电梯控制上的应用主要体现在它的逻辑开关控制功能。由于PLC具有逻辑运算，计数和定时以及数据输入输出的功能。在电梯控制过程中，各种逻辑开关控制与PLC很好的结合，很好的实现了对电梯的控制。本设计在原有的电梯控制模式上，完善厅召唤、指层、选层、选向等功能，比原有控制系统可以更容易的实现更为复杂的控制任务。从而降低了电梯的能耗，提高了电梯工作效率，进一步增强了市场竞争力。设计中首先了解五层电梯的构造与工作原理，对PLC的特性与功能进行了详细阐述。接着根据输入、输出点数和存储容量选择了合适的PLC机型，结合PLC机型与I/O分配表画出梯形图与接线图，设计出指令程序，以实现电梯的指层控制、选层选向等功能。最后选取选层选向功能的指令程序，输入实验台，通过实验结果可以验证本设计可行。关键词:可编程控制器，电梯，指令程序，控制系统重庆大学成人高等学历教育毕业设计（论文）英文摘要IIAbstractWiththecontinuousaccelerationofurbanization,high-risebuildingshavebecomemoreandmore.Elevatorasaverticaltransport,theroleisalsogrowing.Theelevatoristheequipmentforthehigh-risebuildingtransportationservice,ithastheadvantagesoffasttransportation,safeandreliable,simpleoperation.Relaycontrolisoneofthemosttraditionalcontrolmethodsintheelevatorindustry.Relaycontrolsystemhasmanyshortcomings,suchas:highfailurerate,maintenanceisnotconvenient,energyconsumptionisrelativelylarge,programmingandsoon.Fromthedemandofpeopletotheelevator,thissystemhasbeenmettheneedsofpeople'sdaily,willgraduallybeeliminated.Inthispaper,programmablelogiccontroller(PLC)isappliedtothefivelayerelevatorcontrolsystem.Thiscontrolmethodhastheadvantagesofeasyprogramming,YiWeihu,stronganti-interference,strongsecurity,andsoon.Greatlyimprovethesafety,comfort,flexibilityandmaintainability,shortenthedevelopmentcycleoftheelevator,whilereducingthelossoftheelevator.PLCcontrolsystemasthecontrolmodeoftheelevatorcansatisfypeople'sreliability,safety,comfort,etc.,hasbecomeatrendofthedevelopmentofelevatorcontrolsystem.TheapplicationofPLCintheelevatorcontrolismainlyreflectedinitslogicalswitchcontrolfunction.BecausethePLChasalogicoperation,countingandtiminganddatainputandoutputfunctions.Intheprocessofelevatorcontrol,allkindsoflogicswitchcontrolandPLCverygoodcombination,verygoodtoachievethecontroloftheelevator.Thisdesignintheoriginalelevatorcontrolmode,improvethehallcall,referstothelayer,layerselection,selectionandotherfunctions,thantheoriginalcontrolsystemcanbemoreeasytoachievemorecomplexcontroltasks.Soastoreducetheenergyconsumption,improvetheefficiencyoftheelevator,andfurtherenhancethecompetitivenessofthemarket.Firstofall,thedesignofthefivelayerofthestructureandworkingprinciple,thecharacteristicsandfunctionsofthePLCaredescribedindetail.Thenaccordingtotheinput,outputpointsandstoragecapacityoftheappropriatePLCmodel,combinedwiththePLCmodelandtheI/Odistributiontabletodrawtheladderdiagramandthewiringdiagram,designtheinstructionprogram,inordertoachievetheelevatorcontrol,layercontrol,andsoon.Finally,selecttheselectedlayertoselectthefunctionofthe重庆大学成人高等学历教育毕业设计（论文）英文摘要IIIinstructionprogram,entertheexperimentalplatform,theexperimentalresultscanverifythedesignisfeasible.Keywords:programmablecontroller,elevator,instructionprogram,controlsyste重庆大学成人高等学历教育毕业设计（论文）目录IV目录摘要......................................................................................................IAbstract......................................................................................................II目录...................................................................................................IV1绪论......................................................................................................11.1课题的背景、意义.................................................................................................................11.2国内研究现状.........................................................................................................................11.3论文的主要内容和章节安排..................................................................................................22电梯与PLC的概述................................................................................32.1电梯与PLC的起源与发展...................................................................................................32.1.1电梯的起源与发展.........................................................................................................32.1.2PLC的起源与发展.........................................................................................................32.2电梯的分类与构造.................................................................................................................42.2.1电梯的分类.....................................................................................................................42.2.2电梯的构造.....................................................................................................................52.3电梯的工作原理与控制要求.................................................................................................72.3.1电梯的工作原理....................................................