Sheridan--the-school-for-scandal-谢尔丹-造谣学校

TheSchoolforScandalAnn&SelinaComedy•Thereareseveralcomedygenres,eachmakinguseofhumorinitsownway.Someofthemostcommoncomedygenresinclude1physicalcomedy,suchasslapstick,andblackcomedy,whichseekstomakelightofserioustopicslikedeathandwar.•2Horrorcomedy,whichusuallyincorporateshumorouselementsintotraditionalhorror-storyplots,maybeconsideredatypeofblackcomedy.Parody,whichnormallymakesfunofthingsorpeopleintheworld,isanotherpopularcomedygenre.•Othergenresofcomedygenerallyincludedramaticcomedy,romanticcomedy,actioncomedy,andsurrealcomedy.theLicensingActof1737（戏剧审查法案）Abrieffloweringinthesecondhalfofthe18thcenturyforthecomediesofSheridanandGoldsmithP176BritishdramatistandpoliticianThemostimportantEnglishplaywrightinthe18thcenturyHisworkisconsideredthefinestdevelopmentofthecomedyofmanners(风尚喜剧)in18th-centuryEngland.Thecomedyofmannerssatirizesthemannersandaffectationsofasocialclass.Theplotofthecomedy,oftenconcernedwithanillicit（不正当的）loveaffairorsomeotherscandal,isgenerallylessimportantthanitswittyandoftenbawdy（低级下流的）dialogue.Playwright:TheRivals(1775)(Firstcomedy)TheSchoolforScandal(1777)Manager:DruryLaneTheatre(1776)alsocalledTheatreRoyalDruryLane,oldestLondontheatrePolitician:AWhigM.P.(1780)•Sheridanwasbornin1751inDublin,Ireland.HewaseducatedinHarrow,England.Attheageof21,hestartedhiscareerasaplaywright.Beforelong,heestablishedhisownDrurylaneTheatre.In1777heputonhismasterpieceTheSchoolforScandal,whichbroughthimalargesumofmoney.In1780,hewaselectedM.P.forStafford.ThenheheldvariousgovernmentofficesundersecretaryofStateforForeignAffairs,secretaryoftheTreasury,Treasurerofthenavy,etc.In1809hisDruryLaneTheatrewasburneddowninafire.In1812hispoliticalcareercametoahaltforlackofmoney.Inthesameyearhewasarrestedfordebt.Sheridandiedin1816inpovertyandneglect.HewasburiedinWestminsterAbbey.:Drury_lane_interior_1808.jpg:The_Burning_of_Drury_Lane_Theatre_from_Westminster_Bridge.jpg:Theatre_Royal_Drury_Lane_-_The_Producers_1.jpg(1)greatcomedyofmanners(2)abrilliantportrayalandabitingsatireofEnglishhighsociety(3)thebestEnglishcomedysinceShakespeareTheschoolforScandalPlotTheplayevolvesaroundthestoryoftwobrothers:thehypocriticalJosephSurfaceandthegoodnaturedCharlesSurface.CharlesisinlovewithMaria,SirPeterTeazle’sward.LadySneerwelltakestoCharlesbutCharlesdoesnotloveher.Asarevenge,LadySneerwellinstigatesJosephtopursueMariaforhermoney.AboveallisthesettingofAct1ofthistext.Inthissetting,allso-calledgenteelpeople'sconversatoinisaperpetuallibelonothers.Joseph,whilecourtingMaria,secretlytriestoseduceLadyTeazle,theyoungandinnocentgirlwhohasjustmarriedtoSirPeterTeazle.SirPeterTeazle,misledbyLadySneerwellandJoseph,assumesthatCharlesisthepersonflirtingwithhisyoungwife.Oneday,whileLadyTeazleandJosephareonthevergeofcommittingadultery,SirPeterreturnshome.LadyTeazleisforcedtohidebehindthescreen.Thenquitebyaccident,Charlesshowsup.SirPeterhideshimselfwithaviewtocatchingtheadultereronthespot.Charlesrushesinandheknocksdownthescreen.Everythingcomestolight.LadySneerwellMrs.CandourCharlesSurfaceJosephSurfacePeterTeazleLadyTeazleSirOliverMainContentCrabtreeandBenjaminBackbiteMariaBriefAnalysisBriefAnalysisFeaturesofFigures：Charles:kind,uprightandgoodnatured,affectionate,butextravagantJoseph:callous,hypocritical,egolistartful,wicked.Maria:naive,loyal.Mrs.Sneerwell，Mr.CrabtreeandMrs.Candour:talktive,jealoustiresomeandrevengefulSirBackbite:conceited,hypocritical.Theme:moralityMainIdea:itcriticizesandsatirizesthevanity,greed,andhypocrisyoftheseeming-genteelupperclass.Theschoolforscandal1)thelivingroomofLadySneerwell2)thegossipyLondonsocietyofthelate1770'sDramatictechniques:conventionalHisplotsarewellorganized,hischaracters,eithermajororminor,areallsharplydrawn,andhismanipulationofsuchdevicesasdisguise,mistakenidentityanddramaticironyismasterly.WittydialoguesandneatanddecentlanguageLadySneerwell=sneer+wellSnake:thecat’spawofLadySneerwellSurface:superficialMrs.Candour:justiceSirBackbite:bitepeoplefrombehindRumorsstopsatthosethatarewitty.谣言止于智者！