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I马克思主义消费观研究姓名：陈都导师：谭培文教授专业：马克思主义哲学研究方向：马克思主义哲学与当代社会研究年级：2006中文摘要随着经济的发展、财富的繁荣，人类社会反而陷入了消费快乐与痛苦的二难困境。马克思主义消费观成为了研究的热点。国内马克思主义消费观研究主要从以下几个方面展开：第一、主要从生产与消费的辩证关系中阐释马克思主义消费观的内涵或内容。第二、从马克思消费观在处理社会主义消费的关系问题、建立合理的社会主义消费结构、树立社会主义适度消费观念等的理论意义或现实价值方面研究。第三、从消费是人的本质和社会的本质的体现方面研究。第四、以马克思主义消费观解读“消费社会”，对异化消费或消费主义进行一定的分析和批判。可见，国内学界最主要的是在经济领域对马克思主义消费观进行了积极有益的探索。西方马克思主义主要是以马克思主义消费观为基本立论依据，形成自己的消费理论，从多元化视角对异化消费和消费主义进行了较为深刻的分析或批判。最具代表性的有：马尔库塞的《单向度的人》，波德里亚的《消费社会》等。笔者发现，以消费为视角，对消费与幸福和人的全面发展的本质联系的探索在马克思主义消费观的研究中明显不足，本文正是基于这样的理论基础与现实背景，力图运用文本学研究法、历史与逻辑方法、唯物辩证法、比较的方法、分析与综合相结合的方法，通过对马克思主义消费观的深入研究，探明消费与人的幸福和全面发展的内在联系，寻求克服消费困境与应对消费挑战的对策。本文共分六个部分。第一部分，阐明了马克思主义消费观的含义、形成、构成和当代价值。第二部分，从消费与生产、分配、交换的关系，与生态环境的关系，与人的全面发展的关系三个方面阐释了马克思主义消费观的基本内容。第三部分，从苏俄特色和中国化的马克思主义消费观两大方面论述了其在当代的发展。第四部分，研究了马克思主义消费观影响下的西方马克思主义的几个主要消费观念：“物化”论、消费异化论和“符号消费”论。第五部分，从当代马克思主义视域比较分析了以节俭为主线的中国消费观和以崇奢为主流的西方消费观。第六部分，指出马克思主义消费观面临的三大挑战：生态环境问题、社会伦理困境、人性难题。提出了应对挑战之策：大力提倡马克思主义幸福消费观，谨防消费误导；反对消费主义，走可持续消费之路；营造良好的社会和舆论环境，推动公民合理消费；切实提高消费个体的素质，正确理解消费与幸福的关系。II基本思路：笔者试图在既有研究成果的基础上，以消费与人的幸福和全面发展为主线，从马克思主义消费观的基本概念入手，理清其基本内容，阐释其发展和影响，在此基础上，进一步论述马克思主义消费观，作为科学的、具有强大生命力的幸福消费观，在指导我们走出当前遭遇的消费困境，应对面临的消费挑战，具有的理论意义和实践价值。主要创新之处：一、本文从哲学高度，以消费与幸福和人的全面发展为切入点，探讨马克思主义的幸福消费观及其现实意义，寻找消费的本质意义和终极目的；二、尝试性提出并阐释了马克思主义幸福消费观的概念。关键词：马克思主义；消费观；幸福观IIITheResearchonMarxismConsumptionViewpointName:ChenDuTutor:ProfessorTanPeiwenMajor:MarxismPhilosophyTheDirectionofResearch:TheResearchonMarxismPhilosophyAndContemporarySocietyGrade:2006AbstractWiththedevelopmentofeconomyandtheprosperofwealth,humansocietyhasbeencaughtinthedifficultplightofsecondposition,andMarxismconsuptionviewpointhasbecomeahotresearch.EducationalcirclehasalreadydonealotofactivebeneficialexplorationtoMarxismconsuptionviewpointathomeandabroad.Thisspreadsoutmainlyinseveralaspectsinthehomelandasfollowing:First,explainingconnotationorcontentofMarxismconsumptionviewpointmainlyfromdiscriminatingproductionandconsuminginrelation.Second,studingMarxismconsuptionviewpointinthefieldoftheorysignificanceorrealvaluehandlingconcerningaproblem,buildingrationalsocialismpatternofconsumption,settingupsocialismproperconsumptionconceptandsoon.Third,studingfromtheaspectthatconsumingispeople'snatureandsociety'snature.Fourth,understandingandexplainingconsumptionsocietywithMarxismconsumptionviewpoint.EducationalcirclesabroadismainlytotakeMarxismconsumesviewpointasfundamentalargumentbasis,andtoformeconsumptiontheoryofthemselves,anddoctrinehascarriedoutcomparativelyincisiveanalysisondissimilationconsumptionandconsumptionorhascriticizedfromdiversifyingavisualangle,whoseexperienceisworthyforustodrawlessons.WestMarxistMarKusai’s“One-wayDegreeandBodeliya'sConsumptionSocietyarethemosttypicaltheories.Theauthorfindsthat,fromtheconsumevisualangle,theexplorationcontactingwithhappinessandtheoveralldevelopmentofhumanbeingnaturetoconsumptionisnotobviousinMarxismconsumptionviewpoint,andthisbookisowingtosuchthearybackgrounandrealbackground.Istrivetoapplyaversiontolearnthemethodcomparingwithlogicalmethod,materialistdialectics,themethodanalysingandbeingtiedinwedlocksyntheticallyeachotherstudyinglaw,andhistory,andtakeconsumingwithhappinessandtheoveralldevelopmentofhumanbeingaspointofpenetrationandstudyinadeepgoingwaybyMarxismconsumesviewpointsothatwewecanascertaintheinnerlinkconsuminghappinessandall-rounddevelopmentwithpersonandexplorethegoodplanovercomingthechallengeofconsuming.Thepapercontainssixsections.Part1hasexpoundedimport,formation,formationandthepresentagevaluethatMarxismconsumptionviewpoint.Part2hasexpoundedtheIVfundamentalcontentthatMarxismconsumptionviewpointthroughthreeaspects:ithascompliedwithconsumptionandtherelationgivingbirthtoachild,distributing,exchanged,withtheecologicalenvironmentrelation,andtheoveralldevelopmentofhumanbeingrelation.Part3observestwobigaspectsfromtheMarxismconsumptionviewpointthattheSovietRussiacharacteristicandChinaspendhavingdiscussedthepersonindevelopmentofthepresentage.Part4hasstudiedseveralmainWestMarxismconsumptionviewpointsaffectedbyMarxismconsumptionviewpoint:thedoctrineofreification,the“dissimilationconsumetheoryandthesignconsuming”theory.Part5hasanalysedcomparativelythegleamofChinesemaincurrentconsumptionviewpointnamedthriftyconsumptionviewpointandthemaincurrentwestconsumptionviewpointnamedluxuriousconsumptionviewpointfromthepresentMarxism.Part6haspointedoutthreebigchallengefacingtheMarxismconsumptionviewpoint:theecologicalenvironmentproblem,difficultpositionofsocietyethics,andthedifficultproblemofhumannature.Ithasbroughtforwardschemesofansweringchallenge:EnergeticallyencouragingMarxismhappyconsumptionviewpointtofreefromtheconsumptionmisleading;Thecountryshouldtakeeffectivemeasurestoopposedoctrineconsumingandmakewayofsustainableconsumption;Weshouldbuildfinesocietyenvironmentandmakefinepublicopiniontodrivescitizentoformrationalconsumptionviewpoint;Weshouldpracticallyrisethecitizens’consumptionqualitiesandunderstandtherelationofconsumptionandhappinesscorrectly.Fundamentaltrainofthought:Theauthorgoesaheadtryingtostudytheachievementbasisingintheprehominid