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1.Allegory(寓言)Ataleinverseorproseinwhichcharacters,actions,orsettingsrepresentabstractideasormoralqualities.寓言，讽喻：一种文学、戏剧或绘画的艺术手法，其中人物和事件代表抽象的观点、原则或支配力。2.Alliteration(头韵)Alliterationistherepetitionofthesameinitialconsonantsoundwithinalineoragroupofwords.头韵：在一组词的开头或重读音节中对相同辅音或不同元音的重复。3.Allusion(典故)Areferencetoaperson,aplace,anevent,oraliteraryworkthatawriterexpectsthereadertorecognizeandrespondto.典故：作者对某些读者熟悉并能够作出反映的特定人物，地点，事件，文学作品的引用。4.Analogy(类比)Acomparisonmadebetweentwothingstoshowthesimilaritiesbetweenthem.类比：为了在两个事物之间找出差别而进行的比较。5.Antagonist(反面主角)Theprincipalcharacterinoppositiontotheprotagonistorheroorheroineofanarrativeordrama.反面主角：叙事文学或戏剧中与男女主人公或英雄相对立的主要人物。6.Antithesis(对仗)Thebalancingoftwocontrastingideas,words,orsentences.对仗：两组相对的思想，言辞，词句的平衡。7.Aphorism(警句)Aconcise,pointedstatementexpressingawiseorcleverobservationaboutlife.警句：蕴含关于人生真理的明智的看法的精练的语句。8.Aside(旁白)Apieceofdialogueintendedfortheaudienceandsupposedlynotheardbyotheractorsonstage.旁白：只说给观众而认为不会让台上其他演员听到的一段对话。9.Apostrophe(呼语)Thedirectaddressofanabsentorimaginarypersonorofapersonifiedabstraction,especiallyasadigressioninthecourseofaspeechorcomposition.呼语：直接称呼不在场或虚构的人物或称呼拟人的事物，尤指作为演讲或作文过程中的离题话。10.Assonance(类韵)Therepetitionofsimilarvowelsounds,especiallyinpoetry.类音，类韵：相同或相似元音的重复，尤其指在诗歌中的重复。11.Atmosphere(氛围)Theprevailingmoodorfeelingofaliterarywork.12.Autobiography(自传)Aperson‘saccountofhisorherownlife.13.Ballad(民谣)Anarrativepoem,oftenoffolkoriginandintendedtobesung.14.BalladStanza(民谣诗节)Atypeoffour-linestanza,thefirstandthethirdlineshavefourstressedwordsorsyllables;thesecondandfourthlineshavethreestresses.15.Biography(传记)Adetailedaccountofaperson‘slifewrittenbyanotherperson.传记：由他人篆写的关于某人生平的详细记录。16.BlankVerse(无韵体诗)Versewritteninunrhymediambicpentameter.17.Caesura(休止)Abreakorpauseinalineofpoetry.18.Canto(章)Oneoftheprincipaldivisionsofalongpoem..诗章：一首长诗的主要部分之一。19.Caricature(夸张讽刺)Theuseofexaggerationordistortiontomakeafigureappearcomicorridiculous.夸张讽刺：为了使文中的人物显得可笑而使用的夸张或扭曲人物形象的手法。20.Characterization(人物刻画)Themeansbywhichawriterrevealsthepersonalityofacharacter.人物刻画：作者表现作品中人物性格的方法。21.Classicism(古典主义)Amovementortendencyinart,literature,ormusicthatreflectstheprinciplesmanifestedintheartofancientGreeceandRome.古典主义：一种在文学，艺术，音乐领域体现古代希腊，罗马风格的运动。22.Climax(高潮)Thepointofgreatestintensity,interest,orsuspenseinanarrative.23.Comedy(喜剧)Adramaticworkthatisoftenhumorousorsatiricalintoneandusuallycontainsahappyresolutionofthethematicconflict.喜剧：轻松的和常有幽默感的或在调子上是讽刺的戏剧作品，常包括主题冲突的愉快解决24.Conceit(奇想)Akindofmetaphorthatmakesacomparisonbetweentwostartlinglydifferentthings.奇想：一种在截然不同的事物之间建立起的比喻。25.Conflict(冲突)Astrugglebetweentwoopposingforcesorcharactersinashortstory,novel,play,ornarrativepoem.冲突：故事，小说，戏剧中相对的力量和人物之间的对立。26.Connotation(外延)Alltheemotionsandassociationsthatawordorphrasemayarouse.外延：包括单词字面意思之外的或被该词汇唤起的全部内涵的意义。27.Consonance(辅音韵)Therepetitionofconsonantsoraconsonantpattern,especiallyattheendsofwords.辅音韵：辅音或辅音模式的重复，尤指位于词尾的。28.Couplet(双韵体)Aunitofverseconsistingoftwosuccessivelines,usuallyrhymingandhavingthesamemeterandoftenformingacompletethoughtorsyntacticunit.双韵体：包括两个相连的诗行的一种诗的单位，通常压韵并具有同样的格律，经常组成一个完整的意思和句法单位29.Heroiccouplet(英雄双韵体)Acoupletwritteniniambicpentameteriscalledaheroiccouplet.英雄双韵体：五步抑扬格的双韵体称英雄双韵体。30.Denotation(内涵)Theliteralordictionarymeaningofaword.直接意义：一个词的字面意义或词典意义。31.Denouement(结局)Thefinalresolutionorclarificationofadramaticornarrativeplot.结局：戏剧或叙事场景的最后结果。32.Diction(措辞)Awriter‘schoiceanduseofwordsinspeechorwriting,particularlyforclarity,effectiveness,andprecision.措词：讲话或书写中，出于表述清晰，言简意赅对词语的使用或选择。33.Dissonance(不协和)Aharshordisagreeablecombinationofsounds;discord.34.Dramaticmonologue(戏剧独白)Akindofnarrativepoeminwhichonecharacterspeakstooneormorelistenerswhoserepliesarenotgiveninthepoem.35.Elegy(挽歌)Apoemorsongcomposedespeciallyasalamentforadeceasedperson.挽歌，挽诗：专门为悼念某一死者所写的诗或歌.36.EmblematicImage(象征)Averbalpictureoffigurewithalongtraditionofmoralorreligiousmeaningattachedtoit.37.Epic(史诗)Anextendednarrativepoeminelevatedordignifiedlanguage,celebratingthefeatsofalegendaryortraditionalhero.史诗：用严肃或庄重的语言写成的叙事长诗，歌颂传奇中或历史上英雄的丰功伟绩38.Epigram(隽语)Aconcise,clever,oftenparadoxicalstatement,susallyintheformofapoem.隽语：一个简明，机智，常常似是而非的陈述,经常以诗的形式出现39.Epigraph(引语/开场白)Amottoorquotationatthebeginningofaliterarycomposition,settingforthatheme.引语：在一部文学作品开头的引言，警句，阐明主题40.Epilogue(结语/收场白)Ashortadditionorconcludingsectionattheendofaliterarywork,oftendealingwiththefutureofitscharacters.AlsocalledInthissense,alsocalledafterword结语：文学作品结束时简短的附加或总结性章节，常常关于作品人物的未来也作在此意义上也可称作afterword.41.Epiphany(顿悟)Amomentofillumination,usuallyoccurrsatorneartheendofawork.顿悟:对现实真谛的顿悟或洞察,通常出现在作品的结尾.42.Epitaph(墓志铭)Aninscriptiononatombstoneorinashortpoeminmemoryofsomeonewhohasbeendead.墓志铭：刻于墓碑上用以怀念死者的碑铭.43.Epithet(表述词语)Atermusedtocharacterizeapersonorthing。表述词语：用来表示某人某物特性的一个表达。44.Essay(散文)Ashortliterarycompositiononasinglesubject,usuallypresentingthepersonalviewoftheauthor.散文：内容通常论及一个主题的短小文章，通常表达作者个人的观点45.Exemplum(说教故事)Atale,usuallyinsertedintothetextofasermon,thatillustratesamoralprinciple.说教故事:一种短小的体现某种道德原则的故事性文章，通常