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UsageofThePastParticiple•非谓语动词指在句中表示一个动作但不能充当谓语，而是充当其他语法功能的词。•v-ing表主动，表进行•v-ed表被动，表完成•todo不定式表将来，表目的•Thevaseisbroken.•Hearingthenews,heshowedasurprisedlook.•DirectedbyHanhan,themovieisreallypopular.•Tomfinallyhadthebookfinished.Predicative(表语)Adverb(状语)Attribute(定语)Objectcomplement(宾语补足语)v-ed作表语v-ed作宾补v-ed作定语v-ed作状语v-edv-ed作表语•表示主语的某种性质或状态。•Shewasreallytouchedbeyondwords.•Theyaresatisfiedwiththeirwork.•某些过去分词作表语用来表示人物所处的心理状态或情感变化，其主语一般是人，这类过去分词如：delighted,devoted,discouraged,astonished,frightened,excited,worried等可以看做形容词。v-ed作定语•spokenEnglish•writtenexercises•fallenleaves•theadvancedcountries•ausedstamp•abrokencoin•英语口语•书面练习•落叶•发达国家•一枚用过的邮票•一枚破损的硬币v-ed表被动和完成v-ed表完成v-ed表被动v-ed表被动和/或完成Completethetablewithphrasesthathavethesamemeaning.terrifiedpeoplereservedseatspollutedwateracrowdedroomapleasedwinnerpeopleterrifiedof(cholera)seatsreservedfor…waterpollutedby…aroomcrowdedof…awinnerpleasedat…childrenastonishedat/by…avasebrokenby…adoorclosedby…theaudiencetiredby…ananimaltrappedin/by…astonishedchildrenacloseddoorthetiredaudienceatrappedanimalabrokenvase单个过去分词作前置定语；过去分词短语作后置定语•v-ed作定语相当于定语从句。•Hewasateacherrespectedbyallhisstudents.•Hewasateacherwhowasrespectedbyallhisstudents.•Idon’tknowthegirlwhowascaughtinthesnowstorm.•Idon’tknowthegirlcaughtinthesnowstorm.•Theboywhowasknockeddownbythecarwascrying.•Theboyknockeddownbythecarwascrying.Translation•我多懊悔在树林浪费的时光啊!•HowIregrettedthehours__________________!•HowIregrettedthehours_________________________!•我喜欢穿这种布料做的衣服。•Ilikewearingclothes_______________________．•Ilikewearingclothes__________________________________.在树林浪费的这种布料做的wastedinthewoodsmadeofthiskindofclothwhichwerewastedinwoodswhicharemadeofthiskindofcloth•鲁迅写的书很受欢迎。•Thebooks_________________arepopular．•我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥。•We’llgotovisitthebridge_________________________．鲁迅写的书建于几百年前的writtenbyLuXunbuilthundredsofyearsagov-ing与v-ed作定语的区别1.语态不同•v-ing表主动、进行；v-ed表被动、完成aninspiringspeech鼓舞人心的演说theinspiredaudience受鼓舞的听众thefallingleaves落叶（正往下落的）thefallenleaves落叶（已落到地面的）2.时间关系不同v-ing表“正在进行”或“与谓语动词同时进行”或“经常性”。v-ed表动作先于谓语动词表示的动作。•Doyouknowtheboylyingunderthebigtree?•Thewomansellingvegetableshasgone.thechangingworldthechangedworld（正在变化的）（变化了的）boilingwaterboiledwater（正在沸腾的)（已经沸腾过的）fadingflowersfadedflowers(正在凋谢的)（已经凋谢的）adevelopingcountryadevelopedcountry(发展中的)（发达的）3.及物动词的过去分词与现在分词的被动式都可表示被动,但v-ed表示一个完成了的动作,而beingdone多表示一个正在进行的动作。•Theproblemdiscussedyesterdayhassomethingtodowithus.•Theproblembeingdiscussednowhassomethingtodowithus.•Thebuildingbeingbuiltisourlibrary.v-ed作宾补•作宾语补足语的过去分词一般来自及物动词，表示被动和完成的意义。过去分词作宾补时，和它前面的宾语构成“宾语+过去分词”的复合结构，在这种结构中，宾语与过去分词之间的逻辑上的动宾关系。直接宾语（名词或代词）宾语补足语某些及物动词（如make）宾语补足语的10种表示法：1.HisfathernamedhimDoming.2.Theypaintedtheirhousewhite.3.Youmustn’tforcehimtolendhismoneytoyou.4.Nobodynoticedhimentertheroom.5.Wesawherenteringtheroom.(名词)(形容词)（不定式）（不定式短语）(现在分词或其短语)6.Wemustgettheworkfinishedby10o’clock.7.WetakeEnglishasausefultoolforresearchwork.8.Wheneveryoumaygo,youwillfindhimatwork.9.Letthefreshairin.10.Theplanthasitsownname.Youcannotcallitwhatyouwill.(过去分词)（用as引出）（介词短语）（副词）(从句)•英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。1.在表示感觉或心理状态的动词，如see,hear,feel,watch,notice,think,find等后面作宾语补足语。•Iwasgladtoseethechildwelltakencareof.•Whenhearrived,hefoundalltheworkfinished.•Sheheardthedoorshutwithabang.•Shefeltagreatloadtakenoffhermind.2.表示使役的动词：get,let,make,have,keep等。•Hemadeitknowntoeveryonethathewasright.•Hekeptwindowsshutalltheyearround.•Theygottheirtelephoneputinonlyyesterday.•Youmustgetyourarticlefinishedbeforegoinghome.3.在表示“希望”“愿望”等意义的动词，如want,wish,like,expect等后面作宾语补足语。•Theteacherexpectedallthestudentswellpreparedfortheexam.•Hewantshiscompositionreadbyeveryclassmate.4.做介词的宾补，主要用于“with/without+复合结构”中。•Theyleftwithoutaplateuntouched.•Withtheproblemsettled,hefeltquitehappy.•5.“have+宾语＋过去分词”的几种含义•在“have＋宾语＋过去分词”结构中，过去分词作宾补，也可用get。有以下几种含义：•1)意为“主语请别人做某事”。•Hewantstohavehiseyesexaminedtomorrow.•2)意为“主语遭遇、遭受某一不愉快、不测的•事情”。•Becareful,oryou'llhaveyourhandshurt.•3)意为“使完成某事”，事情既可以是别人做•完，也可以由主语参与完成。•Hehadthewallspaintedthismorning.v-ing,v-ed,todo作宾补的区别•语态•v-ed与宾语之间是被动关系，v-ing表主动，todo和宾语也是主动关系。•时间关系•v-ed表完成，v-ing表进行，todo强调动作发生的全过程。•Wefoundthetreesplanted.•Wefoundmanypeopleplantingtreesthere.•Isawhimgointothediningroom.•Isawhercomeintotheclassroom.•Isawhercomingintotheclassroom.•Isawhertakenoutoftheclassroom.•Hemanagedtomakehimself__________(understand)withhis_______(break)English.•—There’saholeinyourbag.—Iknow,I’mgoingtohaveit________(mend)•IhaveoftenheardtheABCSong______(sing),butIhaveneverheardAlice_____(sing)it.•WhenIputmyhandonhischest,Icouldfeelhisheartstill_______(beat).•Pleasegetthework______(do)assoonaspossible.understoodbrokenmendedsungsingbeatingdone1.Theywokeup,findingeverythingaroundchanging.2.Thegateremainedlockingandwehadtowaitoutside.3.You’llseemanyproblemstobesettledinthisway.4.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishandsbeingtiedbehindhisback.changedsettledlocked改错tied1.Wehavegotthehousemendednow.2.Youlookdifferenttoday.Haveyouhadyourhaircut?3.Doyouwanttohavethedictionarydeliveredtoyourhouseorwouldyouprefertotheshopforit?