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高中英语课件（madeofdingshangtuwen）RelativeadverbWhen,where,whyTheusageoftherelativeadverb关系副词指代所充当的句子成分whenwherewhytimeplacereasonadverbialadverbialadverbialwhen引导定语从句在从句中作时间状语，先行词是表示时间的名词。☆Fiveo’clockisthehourwhentheclassisover.When相当于“介词+关系代词（which）I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedthearmy.onwhich(=ontheday)=先行词是时间时，并非都用when引导从句来修饰，试比较：☆Doyoustillrememberthedays_________therewasnoelectricity?☆Doyoustillrememberthedays____________wespenttogether?when(which/that)从句中缺少时间状语从句中缺少宾语vt.where引导定语从句在从句中作地点状语，先行词通常是表示地点的名词。☆Aone-waystreetisastreetwherecarscanonlygooneway.☆TheTowerofLondonwheresomanypeoplelosttheirlivesisnowatouristattention.where相当于“介词+关系代词whichThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.inwhich(=inthehouse)=先行词是地点时，并非都用where引导从句来修饰，试比较：Theplace________Lucyonceworkedhasbecomeamuseum.Theplace___________IvisitedlastweekisinShangHai.where(which/that)从句中缺少地点状语从句中缺少宾语vt.Why引导定语从句在从句中作原因状语，先行词通常是reasonThereasonwhyheleftisstillnotcleartous.Why相当于“介词for+关系代词（which）Doyouknowthereasonwhyshewaslate.forwhich(=forthereason)=先行词是thereason时并非都用whyThat’sthereason_______hewaslate.That’sthereason_______________hegaveme.why(which/that)从句中缺少原因状语从句中缺少宾语vt.when,where,why和that,which这主要看两点：一是定语从句是否完整（即充当什么句子成分）；二是定语从句中的谓语动词是否是一个及物动词。1)Theroom_____heoncelivedisstillthere.2)Theroom_____Ihavetocleaneverydaybelongstomymother.wherethatComparison1)Thereason_____Idon’tknowisknowntohim.2)Thereason_____Idon’tknowthethingisthatIwasnotthereatthattime.thatwhy1)Iwillneverforgettheday_____Imetyou.2)Iwillneverforgettheday_____wespenttogether.whenthat•补充：1.关系副词where的先行词亦可是有地点含义的抽象名词•Hehasreachedthepointwhereachangeisneeded.•Therearecaseswheretheword“that”canbeomitted.2.先行词theway后的关系词：Alldependsontheway(that/inwhich/不填)youstartthework.定语从句解题步骤：（1）判断出先行词（2）确定先行词在定语从句中充当何种成份。这一点可以帮助我们确定是使用关系代词还是关系副词。（3）确定关系词，尤其注意区别各个关系代词e.g.Isthisfactory____wevisitedlastweek?DIsthisthefactory____wevisitedlastweek?A、whereB、thatC、towhichD、theoneB解题关键：如果是疑问句式，将其转化为陈述句式。Thisfactoryis__wevisitedlastweek?Thisisthefactory__wevisitedlastweek?eg：ThisistheplaceIvisitedyearsago.ThisistheplaceIlivedyears.thatwhichwherethat/whichwherevisitedlived做主语，宾语用关系代词做状语用关系副词e.g.Shewillneverforgettheday____shespentinBeijing.A、whenB、whatC、whichD、whyCShewillneverforgettheday_____shestayedwithhiminBeijing.A(03全国卷)Thefilmsbroughtthehoursbacktome__Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfarawayvillage.A.untilB.thatC.whenD.where(06上海卷)Inanhour,wecantraveltoplaces______wouldhavetakenourancestorsdaystoreach.A.whereB.whenC.whichD.what1.介词+关系代词2.Whose用法及转换形式3.as与which的区别4.定语从句中的主谓一致问题5.定语从句和状语从句、强调结构等的区别常见考点：考点一:介词+关系代词提醒:介词﹢关系代词引导的定语从句,关键是判断介词的选择.1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系e.g.Isthatthenewspaperforwhichyouoftenwritearticles?2.根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，e.g.CanyouexplaintomehowtousetheseidiomsaboutwhichI’msure.3.根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请体会：e.g.1949wastheyearinwhichtheP.R.C.wasfounded.Thisisthebook_____whichyouasked.forHereferredmetosomereferencebooks______whichIamnotveryfamiliar.withThisisourclassroom,_______________whichthereisateacher’sdesk.inthefrontof注意：关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出(即介词前置)。此时关系代词只能用which或whom;不可用that或who代替.但遇固定词组时，介词一般不作前置Isthisthebook(which/that)youarelookingfor?(04广西卷)1.Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorninemonths,_______thesailingtimewas226days.A.ofwhichB.duringwhichC.fromwhichD.forwhich(07安徽卷)2.Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,_______wantedtobuyit.A.noneofthemB.bothofthemC.noneofwhomD.neitherofwhom链接高考(06湖南)3.Wesawseveralnativesadvancingtowardsourparty,andoneofthemcameuptous,_____wegavesomebellsandglasses.A.towhichB.towhomCwithwhomD.withwhich链接高考(07北京卷)4.Weshouldn’tspentourmoneytestingsomanypeople,mostof___arehealthy.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.whom考点二Whose用法及转换形式1.whose引导定语从句，其后应紧跟名词，构成名词短语。That’sthechildwhosefatherisateacher.Doyouknowthewomanwhosehusbandisadoctor?Thisisabookwhosecoverisgreen.2.whose引导定语从句，其先行词不仅可以指人，还可以指物。3.whose的先行词指物时,可用ofwhich代替,但词序有变化，即whose+名词=the+n+ofwhich=ofwhich+the+n.Helivesintheroomwhosewindowfacessouth.=Helivesintheroom,facessouth.=Helivesintheroom,facessouth.thewindowofwhichofwhichthewindow(05天津卷)1.Lastmonth,partofSoutheastAsiawasstruckbyfloods,from______effectsthepeoplearestillsuffering.A.thatB.whoseCthoseD.what链接高考(06福建卷)2.Lookout!Don'tgettooclosetothehouse________roofisunderrepair.A.whoseB.whichC.ofwhichD.that3.Theriver____arecoveredwithtreesisverylong.A.whichbanksB.ofwhichbanksC.whosethebanksD.thebanksofwhich=thebanksoftheriverthee.g.Thereareinthisclass20students,______aredifferent.A.whosebackgroundsB.thebackgroundsofwhomC.ofwhomthebackgroundsD.thebackgroundsofwhose考点三:定语从句中主谓一致问题定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致。1.Iamnotonewho______afraidofdifficulty．2.Don’tchooseme,who_______notfitforthisjob．amisisam3.Thisisoneofthebestbooks_______.A.thathaveeverbeenwrittenB.thathaseverbeenwrittenC.thathaswrittenD.thathavewritten4.Sheisnottheonlyoneofthegirls___wellinclass.A.whichsingsB.whosingC.whosingsD.whotosing考点四：as与which引导的定语从句两者均可引导非限制性定语从句，有时可以互换，但下列情况多用as。1.当与such或thesame连用时，一般用as。e.g.Suchbooksasyoutellmearegood.2.as引导的从句可以放在句首,as本身有“正如…..正象…”之意，与之连用的词有know,see,expect,announce等。e.g.Asweal