情态动词表推测的用法

1.Mygrandmaisovereighty,butshecanreadwithoutglasses.2.Canyouwaitamomentplease?3.Excuseme,couleyouhelpmeplease?4.Accidentcanhappentoanydrunkendriver.5.Itcan’tbemyfather.HeisnowinEngland.表能力表请求，许可可能性Can&couldMay&might1.可能性Hemaybeverybusynow.Hemightbeverybusynow.May表许可-------Hemaygonow.MayIgonow?祈使句-------Mayyousucceed!Mayyouhaveanicetrip!Will&wouldThatbaglooksheavy.I’llhelpyouwithit.Thanksforlendingmemoney.I’llpayyoubackonFriday.Thisoldmanisstrange.Hewillsitforhourswithoutsayinganything.WewouldsitaroundGrandpaaftersupper,listeningtohisstories.Willyoucomethisway,please?Wouldyouopenthewindow?意志，愿望，决心习惯请求（用于第二人称）Shall&shouldShallweputoffthesportmeetinguntilnextweek?ShallTomgotherewithmetomorrow?Youshallifyoudon’tworkharder.Heshallhavethebookwheninfinishreadingit.请求征求意见警告允诺威胁等Must&can’t规定、指令Youmusthaveapassportifyouwanttogoabord.主观的命令、禁止Youcangooutwithyourfriendbutyoumustcomebackbefore11atnight.Youmustbeill.Icanseeitfromyourface.Hecan’tbeathome.Isawhimintheclassroomjustnow.推测⑴Can&could①表能力（ability）②表请求&允许（request&permission）③可能性（possibility）Can用于肯定，理论上“可能”Can’t用于否定句中，主观猜测⑵May&might①表示可能性，might不是may的过去式；②may表许可（permission）③May用于祈使句，表祝愿⑶Will&would①表意愿②Will&would表习惯③表请求⑷Shall和shouldShall的用法征求意见（第一/三人称）命令，警告等（第二/三人称）⑸Must&can’tmust“命令”，“推测”A，规定，指定B，主观的命令，禁止C，猜测，（语气肯定）Can’t用于否定句Should表劝告，建议，命令及合理推断情态动词表示推测1）might,mayMight------“也许”May------“可能”Eg：Hemightberight.他也许是对的。Hemaynotcometonight.他今晚可能不来否定mightnot否定maynot表示主观的推测,一般用于肯定句2）canCan用于主观推测时，常用于否定句（can’t不可能）和疑问句，疑问句中也可以用couldCan用于肯定句时，表示一时的，客观的可能性。Eg:----Canhebeathomenow?他现在在家吗？---No,hecan’tbeathome,sinceImethiminthestreetjustnow.不，他不可能在家，因为我刚才才大街上遇到他了。Couldshebechattingontheinternet?她现在可能在网上聊天吗？3)Should和oughtto表示根据常规、事理、经验做出的判断，“想必”“应该”。Eg：TodayisSunday.Ourteachershouldbeathome.Thatoughttobeenoughfoodforthefourofus.4）must表主观的推测“一定”，语气十分肯定。其否定式为can’t“不可能”，不用mustn’t，mustn’t表示禁止，不允许，语气十分强硬。Eg：Hemustbeintheclassroomnow.Youcan’thaveknownthetruth.Studentsmustn’tsmoke.★一些情态动词后接完成式是对过去情况的肯定或否定的推测或推断。musthavedonesthmayhavedonesthmighthavedonesthcan’thavedonesthmaynothavedonesthmightnothavedonesth★还有一些情态动词后接完成式表示动作按理应在过去发生，但事实上却没有发生。1）“could+havedonesth”“本可能/本可以做某事”couldn’t+havedonesth“本不可能/本不可以做某事”Eg：Hethoughtaticketwhenhecouldhaveenteredfree.Ididn’tseeherinthemeetingroomthismorning.Shecouldn’thavespokenatthemeeting2)“should/oughtto+havedone”本应该做，本应该发生“should/oughtto+havedone”本应该做，本应该发生Eg：Ioughttohavesaidittoherinacalmermood.Heshouldn’thavebrokentheredlight.3)need后接完成式主要用于否定句中。“needn’t+havedone”表示本不必要做某事Eg：Youneedn’thavewateredtheflowers,foritisgoingtorain.①--Isn’tthatAnn’shusbandoverthere?No,itbehim----I’msurehedoesn’twearglasses.A.can’tB.mustnotC.won’tD.maynot②Hehavecompletedhiswork;otherwise,hewouldn’tbeenjoyinghimselfbytheseaside.A.ShouldB.mustC.wouldn’tD.can’t③--Excuseme.IsthattherightwaytotheSummerPalace?---Sorry,Iamnotsure.Butitbe.A.MightB.willC.mustD.can④---Cathrine,Ihavecleanedtheroomforyou.---Thanks.Youit.Icouldmanageitmyself.A.needn’ttoB.needn’thavedoneC.mustn’tdoD.shouldn’thavedone⑤Hepaidforaseat,whenhehaveenteredfree.A.CouldB.wouldC.mustD.need⑥Toenjoythescenery,Irenewouldratherspendlonghoursonthetraintravlbyair.A.AsB.toC.thanD.while⑦----Lucydoesn’tmindlendingyouherdictionary.----She.I’vealreadyborrowedone.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.shouldn’t⑧---Whoisthegirlstandingoverthere?----Well,ifyouknow,hernameisMabel.A.mayB.canC.mustD.shall⑨Ifyouareplaningtospendyourmoneyhavingfunthisweek,betterit------you’vegotsomebigbillscoming.A.forgetB.forgotC.forgettingD.toforget