职称英语等级考试试题及答案卫生类A级

1/122009年度全国职称英语等级考试卫生类（A级）试题第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。1Whycan'tyoustopyoureternalcomplaining?AeverlastingBlongCtemporaryDboring2Hundredsofbuildingswerewreckedbytheearthquake.AshakenBdamagedCfallenDjumped3Thesepaintingsareconsideredbymanytobeauthentic.AfaithfulBroyalCgenuineDsincere4Manyeconomistshavegivenintothefatallureofmathematics.AattractionBsimplicityCpowerDrigor5Tenyearsaftertheevent,herdeathstillremainsapuzzle.AmistBfogCmysteryDsecret6Johnwasirritatedbythenecessityforpoliteconversation.AannoyedBtroubledCthreatenedDaroused7Academicrecordscannotbeduplicated.AborrowedBpurchasedCrewrittenDcopied8Theemphasisontheimportanceofeducationhasspurredscientificresearch.AfastenedBencouragedCraisedDinitiated2/129Wehaveamplemoneyforthejourney.AsomeBlittleCextraDenough10Thedoctor'spillsworkedmarvelsforme.ApatientsBmiraclesCillnessDrecovery11Mary'sperpetualmoaningnearlydrovememad.AmonotonousBendlessCseriousDbitter12Itwashardtosaywhythemandeservedsuchshabbytreatment.AoldBunforgettableCfunnyDunfair13Youdidn'tadheretotheseprinciples.AfollowBorderCproveDhandle14Thefarmersalsowanttousethewatertoirrigatethebarrenland.AemptyBhairlessCbareDsmooth15Anyonewhowantstoapplyforaloanneedreadthefollowingspecifications.AexpressionsBwarningsCinstructionsDadvertisements第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。CancerDrugTrialsOftenHaltedEarlyAnincreasingnumberofclinicaltrialsfornewcancertreatmentsarebeinghaltedbeforetherisksandbenefitshavebeenfullyevaluated,sayItalianresearchers,whowarnthatthisgrowingtrendcouldputpatientsatriskofharmfromnewtherapiesrushedintouse.Theresearcherslookedat25randomized,controlledclinicaltrialsthatwerestoppedearlybecausethetreatmentshadstartedtoshowbenefittopatients.Whenweanalyzed25trialsovera10-yearperiodbetween1997and2007,wefoundaconsistentincreaseinprematurelystoppedtrials-morethan50percentwerestoppedwithinthelastthreeyears,studyco-authorGiovanniApolonesaidat3/12anewsconferenceTuesday.Of14trialshaltedearlyandpublishedbetween2005and2007,theresearchersfoundthat11(79percent)ofthemwereusedtosupportdrugapprovalapplicationssubmittedtotheEuropeanMedicinesAgencyandtheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministration.Thissuggestsastrongcommercialcomponentinstoppingtrialsprematurely.Infact,thisstrategycouldguaranteequickeraccesstothemarketforcompanies.Ontheotherhand,aquickerclinicaldrugdevelopmentmayleadtoan'immature'benefit/riskbalanceofnewdrugs,Apolonesaid.Heandhiscolleaguesareawarethattrialsstoppedearlybecausetheyareshowingbenefitmayresultinidentificationofpromisingnewtreatmentsforpatients.However,findingsobtainedfollowingthisstrategyshouldbeconsideredtobepreliminaryresultsthatrequiresubsequentconfirmation.Itcantakeseveralyearsforthelong-termbenefitsorharmfulsideeffectsofanewtreatmenttobecomeapparent,Apolonenoted,buttheaverageduration(持续时间)ofthe25studiesheandhiscolleaguesanalyzedwas30months,witharangefrom12to64months.Theyalsofoundthatatthetimefiveofthestudieswerestopped,they'denrolledlessthan40percentofthetotalnumberofpatientsplannedforfinalanalysis.Clinicaltrialsneedtostopearlyforsuperiorbenefitwheneverthere'sproofbeyondreasonabledoubtthatthenewtreatmentreallyissuperior.Thatwouldbeanethicalobligation,StuartPocock,aprofessorofmedicalstatisticsattheLondonSchoolofHygieneandTropicalMedicineintheUnitedKingdom,saidatthenewsconference.However,toomanytrialsarestoppedearlyclaimingefficacy(功效)withoutstrongevidencebeingavailable.16ThenumberofprematurelystoppedclinicaltrialshasincreasedrecentlyARightBWrongCNotmentioned17ThetrialswerestoppedearlybecausethetreatmentsprovedtobeofnovalueARightBWrongCNotmentioned18The25trialsinvolvedroughlythesamenumberofparticipantsARightBWrongCNotmentioned19Someofthetrialswereprobablystoppedearlyforcommercialreasons.ARightBWrongCNotmentioned20ParticipantsinthetrialswerehappywhentheywerestoppedearlyARightBWrongCNotmentioned21Someofthetrialsweretooshorttoshowtheirlong-termeffectsARightBWrongCNotmentioned22StuartPocockbelievedthatinnocaseshouldclinicaltrialsstopearlyARightBWrongCNotmentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～44/12段每段1选择个最佳标题；（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。Cancer1Cancerisagroupofmanyrelateddiseasesthatbeginincells,thebody'sbasicbuildingblocks.Thebodyismadeupofmanytypesofcells.Normallycellsgrowanddividetoproducemorecellsastheyareneededtokeepthebodyhealthy.Sometimes,thisorderlyprocessgoeswrong.Newcellsformwhenthebodydoesnotneedthem,andoldcellsdonotdiewhentheyshould.Theextracellsformamassoftissuecalledagrowthortumor.Benign(~良性的)tumorsarenotcancer.Theycanoftenberemovedand,inmostcases,theydonotcomebackMalignant(恶性的)tumorsarecancer.Cellsinmalignanttumorsareabnormalanddividewithoutcontrolororder.2Scientistshavelearnedthatcanceriscausedbychangesingenesthatnormallycontrolthegrowthanddeathofcells.Certainlifestyleandenvironmentalfactorscanchangesomenormalgenesintogenesthatallowthegrowthofcancer.Manygenechangesthatleadtocanceraretheresultoftobaccouse,diet,expo