高一英语名词性从句讲解(2)

名词性从句1.种类2.宾语从句的时态。3.that什么情况下可以省略，什么情况下不可以省略。4.whether和if什么时候可以互换，什么时候不可以互换。5.如何区分同位语从句与定语从句。完成以下题目，并分别指出它们是什么从句1.______thebabycouldspeakmadehisparentsveryhappy.A.ThatB.WhatC.WhyD.If2.Iwonder______youwillgoshoppingorstayathome.A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.what3.Thisis______hewasoftenlateforschool.A.whatB.thatC.whyD.whether4.Weallknowthetruth______theearth______aroundthesun.A.if;movedB.that;movesC.why;moveD.whether;move一．名词性从句的概念：一个句子在连接词的引导下，在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。二．名词性从句的功能：相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。Hisjobisimportant.(主语)Whathedoesisimportant.(主语)Thisishisjob.(表语)Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.(表语)Idon’tlikehisjob.(宾语)Idon’tlikewhathedoeseveryday.(宾语)Idon’tknowaboutthefactthatheisateacher.(同位语)Idon’tknowabouttheman,Mr.White.(同位语)得出结论：因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分为四类，即：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。三．引导名词性从句的连接词：1、连接代词：who,whoever,whose,whom,whomever,what,which。有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。Idon’tbelieve__________hehasachievedsofar.__________breaksthelawshouldbepunished.2、连接副词：when,where,why,how。有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。__________wewillhandintheprojectwillbediscussedlater.Parentsarethoughttounderstand__________importanteducationistotheirchildren’sfuture.Thereason__________hewasabsentwasthathewasill.3、连接词：that,whether,if,asif,asthough。that无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；if(whether),asif虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。Idon’tcareabout__________youhavemoneyornot.Theproblemis__________Tomisabletoarriveontime.__________themeetingwillbeheldhereisnotdecidedyet.Itlooks__________itisgoingtorain.Thetruthis__________hedidn’tcomefortheconcert.__________theearthisroundistrue.四．名词性从句的类型：1.主语从句：在复合句中作主句的主语。连接词有that,whether;who,what,which;when,where,how,why等。如:__________heisafamoussingerisknowntous.__________hewillgotoAmericaisnotyetfixed.__________she’scomingornotdoesn’tmattertoomuch.__________broketheglassyesterdayisnotclear.注意：1.为避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语。记住以下it作形式主语的句型：It’slikely/possible/important/necessary/clearthat…很可能/重要的是…/必要的是…/很清楚…It’ssaid/reportedthat…据说/据报道…Itseems/appears/happensthat…显然、明显、碰巧…It’sbeenannounced/declaredthat…已经通知/宣布…It’snowonderthat…并不奇怪/无疑…It’sapity/afact/acommonknowledge(众所周知）/acommonsaying（俗话说）that…Itworriedherabit______herhairwasturninggrey.A.whileB.thatC.ifD.forItremainsaquestion______wecangetsomuchmoneyinsuchashorttime.A.howB.thatC.whenD.whatItisknowntous______wherethereispollution,thereisharm.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that2.单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用句单数形式；如果是两个或两个以上的主语作主语，谓语动词则视情况而定。Whenandwherehewasbornhasn’tbeenfound.Whenhewasbornandwherehewasbornhaven’tbeenfound.Whenandwhythepersonwasmurderedisstillunknown.Whenthepersonwasmurderedandwhyhewasmurderedarestillunknown.Exercises:.______makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.A.WhatB.WhoC.WhateverD.Whoever______Icanpaybackthehelpthatpeoplegivememakesmeveryhappy.A.WhereB.WhatC.ThatD.HowIt’snotclear______wasresponsiblefortheaccident.A.WhoB.WhatC.HowD.That______intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyoure-mailaccount.A.WhatisrequiredB.WhatrequiresC.ItisrequiredD.Itrequires2.表语从句：在复合句中作主句的表语。引导词有连词that,whether,asif,asthough;who,what,which,whose;when,where,how,why,because等。如:Theproblemis_________wedidn’tgetintouchwithhim.Thisis_________Henrysolvedtheproblem.Hissuggestionis_________we(should)finishtheworkatonce.Itlooked_________itwasgoingtorain.Thereason_________wedidn'ttrusthimis_________hehasoftenlied．注意：1.如果句子的主语是suggestion,advice,order,demand,proposal等名词时,后面引导的表语从句用should+动词原形,should可省略。他的建议是我们应该马上完成工作.Hissuggestionisthatwe(should)finishtheworkatonce.2.Thereasonisthat……的理由是，…的原因是…Thereason__________hewaslateagainwas__________hewascaughtinthetrafficjam.Thereason______Ihavetogois______mymotherisillinbed.A.why;whyB.why;becauseC.why;thatD.that;because3.Itisbecause…这是因为…Exercises:Thisis______shewasborn.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.whatThequestionis______wecan’tgotheretoday.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whenThereasonhehasmadesuchgreatprogressis______hehasneverwastedhistime.A.becauseB.whyC.thatD.whatMyadviceisthathe______schoolbybike.A.gotoB.wouldgotoC.goestoD.wentto______shecouldn’tunderstandwas______fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.A.What;whyB.That;whatC.What;becauseD.Why;thatEnergyis______makesthingswork.A.whatB.everythingC.somethingD.anything3.宾语从句：在复合句中作主句的宾语。引导词有连词that,whether,if;who,whom,whose,what,which;when,where,how,why等。如:(1)V+宾语从句，即“动宾”：Webelievethatheishonest./Iaskediftheyhadacheapsuit./Canyoutellmewhichdictionaryishers?/Ireallydon’tknowwhatheisdoing.Ijustdon’tunderstand______thatpreventssomanyAmericansfrombeingashappyasonemightexpect.A.whyitdoesB.whatitdoesC.whatitisD.whyitis---Don’tyoubelieveme?---______,Iwillbelieve______yousay.A.No;whateverB.Yes;nomatterwhatC.No;nomatterwhatD.Yes;whatever“Whatdidyourparentsthinkaboutyourdecision?”“Theyalwaysletmedo______IthinkIshould.”A.whenB.thatC.howD.what.(2)prep+宾语从句，即“介宾”：He’spleasedwithwhatwedidyesterday./Payattentiontowhattheteachersaid.Iwishtohaveafriendwith______sharesmyhobbiesandinterests.A.whomeverB.nomatterwhoC.whoeverD.anyoneMarywroteanarticleon______theteamhadfailedtowin