VF13-221-如何选择Linux服务器替换UNIX

如何选择Linux服务器替换UNIXIRHsieh，资深架构师朱明，架构师2本演讲根据系统性能比较与硬件可靠性来介绍如何选择VMware-Linux服务器来替换如PowerVM-AIX之类的UNIX服务器。1.用户对PowerVM-AIX与VMware-Linux性能的传统看法2.PowerVM-AIX与VMware-Linux实际的性能比较3.VMware-Linux为何性能与PowerVM-AIX不相上下4.结语–颠覆传统-31.用户对PowerVM-AIX与VMware-Linux性能的传统看法2.PowerVM-AIX与VMware-Linux实际的性能比较3.VMware-Linux为何性能与PowerVM-AIX不相上下4.结语–颠覆传统-PowerVM-AIX与VMware-Linux性能比（一个核与一个核的性能比较）2008年以前：3.5比12012天才ISV测试报告30比12013传说年某大国企集采用4比14电不够用，拿掉一台PowerVM-AIX机可以抵三台AIX-PowerVM的其他难题：耗电CPUReleaseDateMaxCoreGhz纳米Power5200421.9130Power5+200522.390Power620072565Nahalem-Xeon200842.93Power7201084.14Sandy-E7-Xeon102.68AMDOperton6200163.7Power7+84.4Power8165IvyBridge243.7224532201120125某大型商业银行新一代应用测试结果江苏某银行6Vmware+x86与PowerVM+AIX国内最大的电子银行系统应用性能的比较测试环境的比较主机平台主机数量型号CPU内存虚拟化环境注明AIX+Power1IBMPowerP7208C32GPowerVM物理机直接使用，未使用虚拟化Vmware+x861CISCOIntel-x86UCS8C32GvSphere5.0Update1使用8个vcpu，物理机为40CPUS*1.944GHZE74850测试结果资源使用的比较发起端电子银行交易名称Vmware虚机平均响应时间AIX物理机平均响应时间用户登录退出1.1183.938账户查询0.2561.625跨行转账0.9251.813行内转账0.9072.047小额快汇0.4541.828网银交易明细0.2943.203账户明细查询0.211.625个人网银服务器分类80并发120并发160并发VMware+x86数据库oracleCPU%:63.0%CPU%:64.6%CPU%:68.1%PowerVM+AIX数据库oracleCPU%:69.1%CPU%:78.7%CPU%:69.2%测试结果响应时间的比较7RPERFCore34236353256512713028532804012ModelIBMX3500-M32*6=12*X56903.46GhzCiscoUCSC250M212*X56903.46GhzIBMX3650-M32*6=12*X56003.6GhzHPProliantDL580G74*8=32*X75602.26GhzHPProliantDL380G712*X56903.46GhzIBMx3850X532*X75602.26GhzDellR910ESXVM40*2.26GhzE7-4860IBMx3850X540*2.4GhzE7-8870HPProliantDL980G78*10=80*E7-26802.26GhzInspurTS850-ESXVM80*2.4GhzE7-8870PowerServerRPERFP4-6502x1.4Ghz9P5-57016x1.9Ghz77P5-59516x1.9Ghz91p5-59032x1.65GHz152p5+5908x2.1GHz56p5+59032x2.1GHz203P6-5604x3.6Ghz31P6-JS238x2.27Ghz68P6-57016x4.2Ghz123P7-73012x3.7Ghz147P7-75016x3.0Ghz156P7-75032x3.0Ghz292P7-78032x3.86Ghz363P7-79532x4.0Ghz372P7-78064x3.92Ghz693*RPERF:RPERFcalculatedbyStephenChuVMwareIBMX3650（12核）PowerVMIBMPowerLinux7R2（16核）81.用户对PowerVM-AIX与VMware-Linux性能的传统看法2.PowerVM-AIX与VMware-Linux实际的性能比较3.VMware-Linux为何性能与PowerVM-AIX不相上下4.结语–颠覆传统-9超級電腦排名–2013/0617/10/201991.天河(Tianhe)2–IntelXeon+Phi2.泰坦(Titan)–AMD+NvidiaK20x3.紅杉(Sequoia)–IBMPower4.京(K)–FujitsuSPARC6410Intel®Xeon®ProcessorE7FamilyAsofJune7,2012:4-socketserverresultsontheTPC-H*1000GBnon-clusteredbenchmarkisbasisforbestpublishedSPARC*T4-4comparisontoIntelXeonprocessorE7family.4-socketserverresultsontheSPECjbb*2005benchmarkisbasisforbestpublishedPOWER*750ExpresscomparisontoIntelXeonprocessorE7family.ConfigurationdetailsintheNotesPageandBackupslides.SoftwareandworkloadsusedinperformancetestsmayhavebeenoptimizedforperformanceonlyonIntelmicroprocessors.Performancetests,suchasSYSmarkandMobileMark,aremeasuredusingspecificcomputersystems,components,software,operationsandfunctions.Anychangetoanyofthosefactorsmaycausetheresultstovary.Youshouldconsultotherinformationandperformanceteststoassistyouinfullyevaluatingyourcontemplatedpurchases,includingtheperformanceofthatproductwhencombinedwithotherproducts.Formoreinformationgoto*T4-4POWER750Express*Upto2XPerformanceUpto1.12XPerformanceat19%Price/Performanceat19%SystemCost4-SocketIntelXeonE7-88374-SocketIntelXeonE7-4870IntelXeonE7vs.SPARC*IntelXeonE7vs.Power*112-socket4-socket8-socketIntel®Xeon®ProcessorE7系列Xeon®CPUSocketMemoryI/OHubIntelQuickPathInterconnect3rdpartryNodeController(non-Intel)OEMinterconnect...1AdditionalConfigurationsviaOEM-specificscalingtechnologies(upto256-sockets)8S1(3rdpartynodecontroller)支持2S,4S,8S,………12什么因素决定主机性能？CPU处理时间内存处理时间I/O处理时间计算资源处理时间I/O处理时间处理器、内存、I/O处理时间会因不同的应用程序和不同类型的主机有非常大的差异单台主机性能由以下因素决定:处理器速度内存架构I/O结构除了CPU处理能力外，还有更多的因素需要考虑13IBM大機的“中斷”(Interrrupt)種類•SupervisorcallsorSVCinterrupts-TheseinterruptsoccurwhentheprogramissuesanSVCtorequestaparticularsystemservice.AnSVCinterruptstheprogrambeingexecutedandpassescontroltothesupervisorsothatitcanperformtheservice.ProgramsrequesttheseservicesthroughmacrossuchasOPEN(openafile),GETMAIN(obtainstorage),orWTO(writeamessagetothesystemoperator).•I/Ointerrupts-Theseinterruptsoccurwhenthechannelsubsystemsignalsachangeofstatus,suchasaninput/output(I/O)operationcompleting,anerroroccurring,oranI/Odevicesuchasaprinterhasbecomereadyforwork.•Externalinterrupts-Theseinterruptscanindicateanyofseveralevents,suchasatimeintervalexpiring,theoperatorpressingtheinterruptkeyontheconsole,ortheprocessorreceivingasignalfromanotherprocessor.•Restartinterrupts-TheseinterruptsoccurwhentheoperatorselectstherestartfunctionattheconsoleorwhenarestartSIGP(signalprocessor)instructionisreceivedfromanotherprocessor.•Programinterrupts-Theseinterruptsarecausedbyprogramerrors(forexample,theprogramattemptstoperformaninvalidoperation),pagefaults(theprogramreferencesapagethatisnotincentralstorage),orrequeststomonitoranevent.•Machinecheckinterrupts-Theseinterruptsarecausedbymachinemalfunctions.14数据敏感型的负载，例如大型数据库、在线交易、面向对象编码（ObjectOrientedcode）和上下文切换（contextswitching）此类应用可能在IBM的z系列服务器上运行得更好CPU处理时间内存处理时间I/O处理时间处理时间CPU处理时间内存处理时间I/O处理时间处理时间zSeriesRISC&x86决定主机性能的因素–I/O密集型除了CPU处理能力外，还有更多的因素需要考虑15CPU处理时间内存处理时间I/O处理时间处理时间zSeries处