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上海交通大学硕士学位论文上海生产性服务业集群研究姓名：徐立恺申请学位级别：硕士专业：企业管理指导教师：陈继祥200801011123456122FB3RESEARCHOFTHEPRODUCERSERVICECLUSTERSINSHANGHAIABSTRACTWiththeexperiencefromdevelopedcountries,thereisanobvioustrendthattheproducerserviceindustryisbecomingmoreandmoreconcentratedinthecosmopoliscitiesandformsproducerserviceclusterwhichmakeitselfthenewengineofeconomygrowth.Shanghaiisnowworkinghardonitswaytorealizeherstrategyofbecomingtheinternationaleconomic,financial,tradeandshippingcenter.Thestrategyshouldbecarriedoutbyfurtherdevelopingcorrespondingindustries,amongwhichtheboomofproducerserviceindustryisamust.Thefocusofthispaperistoexploreinasystematicwaythemechanismoftheproducerservicecluster.Twomainaspectsareconcerned:1)thetheoreticalresearchonthemechanismoftheproducerservicecluster2)theempiricalresearchonthestatusquoofthedevelopmentintermsofproducerserviceclustersinShanghai.Themaintheoreticalachievementsanswerthequestionwhyproducerserviceindustrytendstoformclusterandhow,aswellaswhatfactorswillhaveanimpactontheprocess.Empirically,themainfindingisproducerserviceclusterdoexistinShanghai.Thenthepaperexplainsitspositivebutweakexternalitybytakingadvantageofthelifecycletheoryandmechanismanalysiswhichcomeoutwithsomepolicyproposals.Therefore,theresearchinthispaperissignificantboththeoreticallyandpractically.Thepaperingeneraliscomprisedoftwomainsections:thetheoreticalresearchsection(Chapter1,2,3)andtheempiricalresearchsection(Chapter4,5,6).Chapteroneintroducedthebackgroundandsignificanceoftheresearch,thecontentsconcernedandthemethodsused,aswellasthenewideasofthepaper.Aftersummarizingcurrentliteratures,Chaptertwopointsoutthelackofsystematicresearchonthetheoryofproducerservicecluster.Andthelackmainlyliesinthetheoreticalresearchonmechanismoftheproducerserviceclusteraswellasintherelatedmodeltomeasureit.Theresearchstructureofthispapercomesintoshapebybuildingonthelacks.4Chapterthreeconductedadetailedanalysisonthedifferenceandrelationshipbetween“cluster”and“geographicconcentration”inthefirstplaceandmovesontosystemicallyexplorethenetworknatureofclusteronamicrolevelandthedynamicsofclusterwhichisthecornerstoneofcluster’s“two-stepmodel”proposedinthischapter.Theproducerserviceclusterisatypicalknowledge-intensiveindustrywhichhasmanynewcharacteristicsfromtheknowledgeeconomyperspective.Withthesecharacteristics,thepaperdiscussedin-depththemechanismoftheproducerserviceclusterusingthecluster’stwo-stepmodel.Themainfindingsare1)onamacrolevel,theproducerserviceindustryhassignificanttrendtoconcentrateincosmopoliscities,thengraduallyscatterwithinitanddevelopainteractiverelationshipwithhigh-techclusterinthecity;2)onamicrolevel,outoftheneedsoftransformationbetweendifferenttypesofknowledge,anewkindofresearch-basedcooperativeorganizationgraduallycomesintobeingamongvariousproducerservicefirms,whosebasiccharactersagreewiththethoseconcludedasacluster.Therefore,itprovestheexistenceofproducerserviceclusterstheoretically.Chapterfourdiscussestheidentificationofclusterbymeasuringtheamountofaindustry’sexternalityandmovesontoadetailedanalysisonFBmodel,itsapplicabilityinmeasuringtheexternalityofindustriesandthefactorsinfluencingitwhenmeasuringtheexternalityoftheproducerserviceclusters.Chapterfiveincludesanempiricalresearchonthestatus-quoofproducerserviceclustersinShanghai.TheresultcomesoutasastrongproofthattheproducerserviceclusterdoexistinShanghai,buttheexternalityoftheclusters,thoughpositive,isveryweak.Afurtherregressionanalysisshowsthatitdependslargelyontheeffectofknowledgetransformation.Thelastchapterconcludestheachievementsobtained,discussesthedifficultiesandproblemsencounteredandfinallyputsforwardsomecorrespondingpolicyproposals.KEYWORDS:producerservicecluster,externality,knowledgetransformation11.11.1.12060producerservice[1]70%GDP70%70%[2]----[3]CBD66%76%CBD68%72%802[4]1.1.231.21.2.1121.2.212431.3123455FB1.4FB1-161-1Figure1-1ResearchFramework72.12.1.11966H.GreenfieldProducerServices[5]:1Machlup19622Greenfield1966[6]HubbardNutter1982Daniels1985producerservicecustomerserviceHansen19901994GrubleWalker1989Coffer20003BrowningSingelman1975[7]4:HowellsGreen1986[8]85MarshallDamesickWood1987[9]6BrowningSingelman1975200510%90%2.1.22005[10]91Coffey1991Noyelle&Staback198423Gruble&Walker1989[11]4DavidL.Mckee19882080Coffey19905106[12]19OECD[13]1220[14]112-12-1Table2-1NationalClassificationoftheKnowledge-intensiveIndustriesP312.1.3FIRE122-22-2Table2-2ClassificationofProducerServiceBEA1.2.3.4.5.6.BOC1.2.3.4.5.67.SIC1.2.3.4.5.6.7.1.2.3.4.Brown&Singelman(1975)1.2.3.Howells&Green(1986)1.2.3.4.Coffey&Bailly(1991)1.2.3.4.5.(2003)1.2.3.4.5.:6.7.8.2003200513[15]123456142-3Table2-3ClassificationofProducerServicebyShanghaiMunicipalGovernment2.1.4115Coffey&Drolet1996Marshalletal.1988O'FarrellandHitchens1990DanielsandMoulaert1991Beyers1992Harrington1995MoulaertandToedtling1995O’Farrelletal1993CEC1990BeyersLindahl1996BeyersLindahl1996CoffeyBailly1991Goe1991Quasicostfactors2-4162-4Table2-4FactorsInfluencingtheExternalizingTrendofProducerService1.2.Quasicostfactorsofflexibility3.BeyersLindahl1996Beyer