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19110IntellectualPropertyVol.19No.110Mar.2009200933,1,20001219,2000122120031223,,2001;20061120,,22023,14173(2007)2622,(2007)11883:,,,,:(),,,,1(DMCA)(),,,2,,,(),3,,,,,311911020092,,,()18,,,URL,,,URL,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,URL,,4:?,20082248;:?,200742635SeeDirective2000/31/ECof8June2000oncertainlegalaspectsofinformationsocietyservices,inparticularelectroniccommerce,intheIn2ternalMarket(EUDirectiveonElectronicCommerce).6See17U.S.C.512.7SeeH.R.Conf.Rep.No.105-796,at72(1998).,,4,,,,,,,,,,,,,,(LimitationofLiability)(ExemptionfromLiabil2ity)5,DMCA(Limita2tiononLiabilityrelatingtoOnlineMaterial)6,DMCA,(),,7,,,,,,:,;,,41,,,,,,;,,:(1),(),,,8(2),,,,9,,,,:,;,,,8See17U.S.C.512(j).9See17U.S.C.512(g).24:,,,10SeeH.R.Conf.Rep.No.105-796,at72(1998).11See17U.S.C.512(c)&(g).,,10,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,11,DMCA,,;,511911020092,,,,,,12,DMCA13,12SeeJaneC.Ginsburg,CopyrightLegislationfortheDigitalMillennium,23Colum.-VLAJ.L.&Arts137,1621999).13See17U.S.C.512(m).142022152316,,,;,,17,2007,,http::(c)&(d).20SeeH.R.Rep.No.105-551,PartTwo,at53(1998).3,,144:,,15,,16(),17,18,,,,(),,,:(),,?(RedFlag)DM2CA:,19DMCA,20,(),,,,;,,,,61,,21,,,,,,21,:,200812212,9,1923SeePaulGoldstein,Copyright:Principles,LawandPractice6.1(AspenLaw&Business,1996)(Theplaintiffmaymeettheknowledgerequirementbyshowingthat,althoughthedefendantlackedactualknowledgeoftheinfringement,heknewoffactsthatwouldhavepromptedareasonablepersontoinquireintowhetheraninfringementwasoccurring).24(ActualKnowledge),,,,2008625See17U.S.C.512(m).26SeeJenniferE.Markiewicz,Comment,SeekShelterfromMp3Storm:HowFarDoestheDigitalMillenniumCopyrightActOnlineServicePro2viderLiabilityLimitationReach?,7CommlawConspectus423,438(1999).,(Knowl2edge):(Know),(HaveReasontoKnow)(ShouldKnow)22,;,,,;,,,,;,,23,;,,,,,,,,,(ConstructiveKnowledge)24,,,,,,,,DMCA,,25,,,,,(),(),26,711911020092,,,,,,,,,,,,,27,DMCA,28,,,,,,,272228See17U.S.C.512(i).29,,;,3017,,,,,,,,,,:,;,,;,,()29,22(),;23(),(),,(),;,:,,,;,(),,30,:(1);(2)81;(3)31,,,,,NAP2STERYOUTUBE,,,P2P,IP,,,,,,()31141632See17U.S.C.512(c)(3)(A).33See17U.S.C.512(f).34ALSScan,Inc.v.RemarQCommunities,Inc.,239F.3d619(4thCir.2001).,,,(PrimaFacie),,,,()(),,,,,,,,;,,,,,,DMCA32DMCA,;,,;,,DMCA(),33,DMCA:,;,DMCA,ALS,34,911911020092(BBS),,:(1);(2);(3),;(4)24,,,,,,,,DMCA,35SeeHendricksonv.eBay,Inc.,165F.Supp.2d1082(C.D.Cal.2001).36See17U.S.C.512(c)(3)(B).DMCA,,:(1)DMCA,DMCA,(2)DMCA,,,,,,,DMCA(3),,,,35:(1),,,,(2),(),,,,(3),,:,;,,,DMCA,36,,,,,,;02,,,,DMCA,,,37:(1)(),;(2),;(3),,,NAPSTER,,3837See17U.S.C.512(m).38SeeA&MRecords,Inc.v.Napster,Inc.,114F.Supp.2d896(N.D.Cal.2000),239F.3d1004,1023(9thCir.2001).39SeeEUDirectiveonElectronicCommerce,Article15.40SeeEUDirectiveonElectronicCommerce,Recital47&48.,;39,,;,,(DutyofCare)40(),(),,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,:(1),,,(),(2)121911020092(3),,,(4)(),,,,;,;,(5),(),(6),;,(7),(15),;,,,,43,,:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,22