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3:(),,,;,,,::,,200444:F752.68:A:1002-8102(2010)06-0081-082080,,,,,,1()()(%)198020002008200020012002200320042005200620072008365014928373136.20.357.314.62010.910.61911402414766346906.51.25.91418.910.610.31611:WTOInternationalTradeStatistics(2001-2007);19802008WTOInternationalTradeStatisticsDatabase.,,,,,,,,,18201063(70803031)2008(08JC790067)2009(09SG41)1980-2008,9.4,15.7%18%2003,,WTO,,WTO160,60%198243.520083044.5,26691982,0.6%,34;2008,4.2%,5,198224.820081464.5,17%,0.7%3.9%,19802820085;198218.71580,18.6%,0.5%4.6%,198040200852009324WTO,,,,,,,Sapir(1982,1986)HoekmanKarsenty(1992)2090,,(Hardwich,1998)(SoubraYehia,1993)(WindrumTomlinson,1999),(HitchensO’Farrell,1993),,(Rubalcaba,2001)(MeyerChase,1999),,,,:(2003)(2004)(2004)(2005)(2005)(2005)(2005)(2005)(2007)(2008),,,,,,;,,(),;,,(),:1.,2.,3.(TradeCompetitivePowerIndex,TC)(ComparativeAdvantageIndex,CAI)(NormalizedTradeBalance,NBT)(SpecializationIndex),,()TCij=(Xij-Mij)(Xij+Mij),Xijij,Mijij,,,1,,1,1;-1,-1;0,28Finance&TradeEconomics,No16,20104.(RevealedComparativeAdvantageIndex,RCA)RCAij=XijXi/XwjXw,Xijij,Xii;Xwjj,XwRCA1,;1,RCA2.5,j;RCA2.51.25,j;RCA1.250.8,j;RCA0.8,j,,,,,:,,,RCA,RCA,(),,,RCA,5.(RelativeTradeAdvantageIndex,RTA)RTAij=RCAij-MijMi/MwjMw,Mijij,Mii;Mwjj,MwRTA0,,0;,RCA,,,,,,6.(NetExportRevealedComparativeAdvantageIndex,NRCA)NRCAij=XijXi-MijMi0,0,0,3820106RCA(Balassa,1965,1989),(degreeofnon2neutrality)Vollrath(1991)ScottVollrath(1992),,,RCA,,,,,,,,,,,(2)220072008()(TC)(RCA)(RTA)(NRCA)/20072008200720082007200820072008200720082007200813.9313.9928.0828.640.150.181.481.520.670.700.140.146.046.3012.9313.82-0.11-0.100.680.74-0.38-0.36-0.06-0.058.077.6037.6338.230.150.181.982.030.640.660.140.144.173.8516.0215.52-0.07-0.070.840.83-0.30-0.20-0.03-0.023.903.929.449.30-0.03-0.040.500.49-0.17-0.21-0.03-0.033.994.1119.0620.140.040.061.001.070.080.140.020.043.343.3118.1418.61-0.04-0.040.960.99-0.11-0.11-0.01-0.013.903.8234.4234.720.130.141.811.850.650.640.140.142.672.5741.8343.62-0.03-0.032.202.32-0.80-0.85-0.12-0.122.642.8437.2337.180.050.081.961.980.470.620.110.132.792.7414.1713.870.010.050.750.74-0.12-0.05-0.0102.242.3814.4615.700.050.030.760.84-0.01-0.03-0.0010.011.961.9814.6814.89-0.14-0.110.770.79-0.31-0.21-0.04-0.032.021.9318.0817.54-0.03-0.030.950.93-0.23-0.17-0.03-0.022.522.4418.9819.770.340.351.001.050.450.480.090.10751515912151510121013:2007WTO2008417,WORLDTRADE2007,PROSPECTSFOR2008,WTOInter2nationalTradeStatistics20082008WTOInternationalTradeStatistics2009324WTO,WORLDTRADE2008,PROSPECTSFOR2009,WTOsees9%globaltradedeclinein2009asrecessionstrikes,WTOInternationalTradeStatisticsDatabase,,,,,,,,,48Finance&TradeEconomics,No16,201020088.86%,3.92%,1/2,,,,,2007TC,,1592008,12;RCA0.5,15;RTA0,200710200812;NRCA,200710200813,15,2006,11RCARTANRCA,RCA,11,(1.6345)(1.3148)(1.1696)(1.1087)RCA17RCA0.8,,RCA0.0203,0.0338,0.1402,,1;2;3;4,:4;5;8,,3,,,,,RTA,(3)(3)(6)(5)(8)RTA0,3;6RTA0,151;3,,RTARCA5,,,2003,;,,,,3;5;89RTARCA6,,NRCA,0,,NRCA0,,5820106,2090,,,50%,60%,,200853.9%,2090,FDI1/22007,,24.87%,32.25%,,,:yinfeng@mail.shu.edu.cn,(13),RTA,,,,;;,,15,,1997-2008,,(3)31997-2008199719981999200020012002200320042005200620072008TC-0.06-0.05-0.08-0.09-0.08-0.08-0.08-0.07-0.06-0.05-0.03-0.04RCA0.620.580.600.570.570.540.490.490.470.470.500.49RTA-0.26-0.25-0.23-0.19-0.17-0.17-0.14-0.13-0.15-0.17-0.17-0.21NRCA-0.04-0.04-0.04-0.03-0.03-0.03-0.03-0.02-0.02-0.03-0.03-0.03:WTOInternationalTradeStatistics2008(RevealedSymmetricComparativeAdvantageIndex,RSCA)RSCA=RCA-1RCA+11982-2006:UNCTADHandbookofStatisticsOnlineRSCA-11,RSCA0,RSCARCA,,1982-2006RSCARSCA1982-1991,,,1999-0.4302,,;RSCA198919900,,;2080,,90,,199219930,,:68Finance&TradeEconomics,No16,2010,,,,RCA,,01,,1+,,,,t,Dalum(1998)RCA,RSCARSCAt2ij=i+tRSCAt1ij+ij,t1t212RSCAt1ijRSCAt2ijjii12,,=1,12,;1,;0,;01,,RSCA,,RSCA,,,,2t2i2t1i=2iR2it2it1i=|i||Ri|,t1it2i12RSCA,R,,,;,//,,R12RSCA,,,,,RSCA=R,;R,;R,41982-2006,,,|||R|1,41982-2006R|||R|R|||R|R|||R|1982-20060.8750.9090.9630.8670.8870.9770.5260.5640.9331982-19900.2310.2121.0900.5060.3381.4970.2740.2870.9551991-20060.8170.8360.9770.6600.8090.8160.6120.6270.9761997-20060.8950.9290.9630.5120.4821.0620.1780.1960.908:UNCTADHandbookofStatisticsOnline,01,RSCA,,RSCA,1982-1990,(R),|||R|1,1991-2006,,|||R|1,RSCA1997-2006,,,RSCA,,,RSCA,,,7820106,,,,()(),,,,,;,,,,,;,,,,;,;,,;,;,,:1.:,200522.::,200813.:,200374.:,200555.:,200516.:,200517.:,200488.:,200719.:10,20051110.:,20041211.AntonMeyer,RichardChase,AledaRoth,ChrisVoss,Klaus2UlrichSperl,LarryMenor,KateBlackmon.ServiceCom2petitiveness-AnInternationalBenchmarkingComparisonofServicePracticeandPerformanceinGermany,UKandUSA.Interna2tionalJournalofServiceIndustryManagement,10(4),1999,pp.369-379.12.Balassa,B.,TradeliberalizationandRevealedComparativeAdvantage.TheManchesterSchool,33,1965,pp.99-123.13.Cantwell,J.,TechnologicalInnovationandMultinationalCorporation.Oxford,Blackwell.1989.14.Dalum,B.LaursenK.andVillumsen,G.,StructuralChangeinOECDExportSpecializationPatterns:de2specializationandStickiness.InternationalReviewofAppliedEconomics,Vol.12,No.3,1998,pp.423-443.15.H