基于质量差异化的第三方物流服务定价策略研究

南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文基于质量差异化的第三方物流服务定价策略研究姓名：吴卉申请学位级别：硕士专业：系统工程指导教师：方志耕20081201iHotellingHotellingNashiiAbstractTheviewthattheThirdPartyLogistics(3PL)isatypicalservicewaswildlyheld.Forthe3PLwasinthemiddlepositioninthesupplychain,thelevelofthe3PLnotonlyhadanaffectonthemanufacturer’sdecision,butalsohadanaffectontheconsumer’soption.However,foralongtime,litterattentionwaspaidonit.Inthispaper,thegametheoryisusedtoanalysisthecompetitivepricestrategiesofthe3PLservicesandthemanufacturers’self-logisticsservices.Specifically,thispaperstudiestwomainissues:Oneisthatthedesignofcompetitivepricestrategiesforone3PLserviceandonemanufacturer’sself-logisticsserviceoncooperation.Considersuchasupplychain,whichhasonlyonemanufacturerandonlyone3PLserviceprovider,butthemanufacturerhasitsownlogisticssystem.AHotellingModelisbuilttodescribethisgameamongthe3PL,themanufacturerandtheconsumers.Andfinally,equilibriumisfoundwhichisalsothebeststrategyforthe3PL.Theotheroneisthatthedesignofcompetitivepricestrategiesforanumberof3PLservicesoncooperation.Lookthepriceasavariableforthird-partylogisticsbusinessdecision-making.Considersuchasupplychain,wheretherearemorethanonemanufacturersandanumberof3PLserviceproviders,butmanufacturersdonothavetheirownlogisticssystem.Usetheknowledgeofthegametheorytobuildamodel,whichisamulti-objectone,andthendesignanalgorithmtoresolvethismodel.Keywords:third-partylogistics,thedifferentiationofquality,pricecompetition,Hotellingmodel,Nashequilibriumv2.1…………………………………………………………………………142.2…………………………………………………………………………152.3……………………………………………………172.4UPS………………………………………………………192.5FedEx………………………………………………………………………192.6……………………………………………………………………192.7…………………………………………………………………………192.8………………………………………………………224.1…………………………………………………404.2………………………………………………………4111.1212006200730%[1]WTO21.2Out-SourcingOut-SourcingOut-sourcing21[2][3][4](TransactionalPricingTP)(Activity-basedCostingABC)(Cost-plusPricingCPP)[5](Gain-sharingPricingGSP)(BenchmarkingPricingBP)[6]1.2.1AlbertY.HaPriceandDeliveryLogisticsCompetitioninaSupplyChain3[7]BarisYalabikAnintegratedproductreturnsmodelwithlogisticsandmarketingcoordination[8]BinJiangThedecision-makingonanin-houselogisticdivision’soperationstrategies[9]S.H.GhodsypourC.O’BrienThetotalcostoflogisticsinsupplierselection,underconditionsofmultiplesourcing,multiplecriteriaandcapacityconstraint[10]Transporttimepolicyandservicelevelascomponentsinlogisticsstrategy:AcasestudyAnttiLehmusvaara[11]AlpOOutsourcinglogistics:Designingtransportationcontractsbetweenamanufacturerandatransporter[12]LimAlemonsmarket?Anincentiveschemetoinducetruth-tellinginthirdpartylogisticsproviders[13]MarinoAPGivelogisticsitsownplaceinthepriceequation[14]I.Lewis,A.Talalayevsky[15]HumS.H.[16]41.2.2[17][18][19][20][21]4[22][23][24]()5()[25],[26],[27]1.2.3(VehicleRoutingProblemVRPInventoryProblemIP-InventoryRoutingProblemIRP)()()BaitaUkovichIRPIRPJalisiQ.W.Z.ChedadH.[28]VRP()(BowersoxD.J.[29])(6[30][31])(RobertsK.[32]MenonM.K.McGinnisM.A.AckennanK.B.[33])([34])1.31.3.1[35]1.3.1.171.3.1.21.3.1.31.3.1.41.3.21.3.2.1(Activity-basedcosting,ABC)2080[36],(activity),,,,(),(),:,,86:Step1Step2,,,Step3,,,Step4,,Step5,,Step6,,:()=*=**()=()*m()nsTmCCCC),,,(21Λ=():∑∑==⋅⋅=minjkjkijPRAC11∑∑==⋅=minjjijEBC11ijAi()j(njmi~1,~1==);jkRjk(sknj~1,~1==);TsPPPP),,,(21Λ=;ijBi()j(njmi~1,~1==)jEj(nj~1=)9:••=snsnnssmnmmnnppprrrrrrrrraaaaaaaaaCΛΛΛΛΛΛΛΛΛΛΛΛΚΛΛ21212222111211212222111211•=nmnmmnneeebbbbbbbbbCΛΛΛΛΛΚΛΛ21212222111211,,,1.3.2.2:;PricP−+=1)1(cir[37]:;10[38]();()1.3.2.319()19445060195011[39]1944;N},,;,,{11NNuuSSGΛΛ=*iS−*iS−i)},(),(***iiiiiiSSuSSu−−≥i},,,,{***1NiSSSSΛΛ=[40],,(),,,1.41.4.1WTO:12Hotellingm1.4.2131.5Hotelling14CPU2.12.1.12.133%64%67%26%41%15%30%22%37%0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%2.11531%2.259%41%72%38%31%31%28%25%25%0%20%40%60%80%2.2[41]2.1.22.1.2.12016UPS123TNT1100172.1.2.22.31-396%71%78%76%47%35%43%14%41%37%0%20%40%60%80%100%120%1-32.3182.1.32.1.3.1[42][43]Panalpina653122.1.3.2192.4~2.7[44]11%89%24%76%2.4UPS2.5FedEx23%17%8%23%23%6%793%7%2.62.72.1.3.320200190%[45]42.22.2.12.2.2212.2.3/12.2.42.82.82.82.8m)(tit)(ti],0[m1222.82.32.3.12.8)(ti)(tit)(1tit−=)(1ti−)(ti'1p'2pp1c2c0η1η/)(ti232η1η10ηη20ηη),(00ηtfi),,('111ptfiη),,('222ptfiηi)(0iTC),()(000ηtfiTCi=2.1i)(1iTC),,()('1111ptfiTCiη=2.2i)(2iTC),,()('2222ptfiTCiη=2.3i)}({max2,1,0iTCjj=ttfi000),(ηη=)2,1(,),,(''=−=jptptfjjjjijηη},,max{'22'110ptptt−−ηηη2.42.3.2i)(0iTC)(1iTC)(2iTC1q2q1q242q0q0q1q2q}00|{}0)()(0)()(|{)}()()()(|{'110'220102010200≥−−∩≥−−=≥−∩≥−=≥∩≥=pttpttiiTCiTCiTCiTCiiTCiTCiTCiTCiqηηηη}00|{}0)()(0)()(|{)}()()()(|{0'11'22'11012101211≥−−∩≥+−−=≥−∩≥−=≥∩≥=tptptptiiTCiTCiTCiTCiiTCiTCiTCiTCiqηηηη}00|{}0)()(0)()(|{)}()()()(|{'11'220'22120212022≥+−−∩≥−−=≥−∩≥−=≥∩≥=ptpttptiiTCiTCiTCiTCiiTCiTCiTCiTCiqηηηη()2.1),('*2'*1pp'1p'2p),(),('*2'11'*2'*11ppppππ≥),(),('2'*11'*2'*11ppppππ≥25)()(),(max'221'11'2'11ppqcpqpp−+−=π≥+−−∩≥−−=≥∩≥=≥−−∩≥+−−=≥∩≥=≥−−∩≥−−=≥∩≥=ppcpptpttptiiTCiTCiTCiTCiqtptptptiiTCiTCiTCiTCiqpttpttiiTCiTCiTCiTCiq211'11'220'22120220'11'22'1101211'110'2