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上海交通大学硕士学位论文我国计算机制造业服务化转型研究姓名：康聪娟申请学位级别：硕士专业：技术经济及管理指导教师：周朝民20090101IIBMIIIIIRESEARCHONTHETRANSFORMATIONOFCOMPUTERMANUFACTURINGSERVITIZATIONINCHINAABSTRACTWiththedevelopmentofmanufacturingandtheincreaseofconsumers’demands,theglobaleconomyischangingintotheserviceeconomy.Andtheboundarybetweentheserviceindustryandmanufacturingisincreasinglyobscure.Theproportionofmanufacturingisdeclining,whilethatofserviceisrising.Followingthistrendmanylarge-scaletraditionalmanufacturingenterprisesbegantotransfertoserviceindustry,andserviceindustrybecameanewgrowthpointandlocalityofprofitwhichcanalsocreatessustainablecompetitiveadvantagefortheseenterprise.Astheindustrywhichhastheclosestconnectionwithinformationtechnologyinmanufacturing,computermanufacturingisplayingamoreandmoreimportantroleintheworldeconomygrowth.Withthequickdevelopmentofindustrializationandinformationization,thecomputerhardwareproductsupdaterapidlyandthecomputermanufacturershavetiredofthepricewar.Iftheseenterprisesareeagertogainthecompetitiveadvantageandcreateanewprofitpointtheymustconcernaboutthewholevaluechain,especiallyservicewhichisdirect-to-consumerpartofthechain,andgraduallyrealizethetransformationfromproduct-orientedtoIVservice-oriented.Inthebackgroundofmanufacturingservitization,thisthesisbeginswiththetrendandintensionofcomputermanufacturingservitization.Firstly,theinevitabilityofthetrendisdiscussedfromthetheoreticalpointofview.Secondly,theservitizationtransformationsofthosefamousforeigncomputermanufacturingenterprisesareanalyzed,suchasIBM,HP,DELL,andthethesissummarizestheirsuccessfulexperiences.Thirdly,afterintroducingthedevelopmentandcurrentsituationofChinesecomputermanufacturing,thethesisfindsthetrendofservitizationandusesstatisticdatatoanalyzethetrendofinputservitizationandoutputservitization.ThethesisfurtheranalyzestheservitizationtransformationofLenovo.Finally,combiningwiththetransformationexperienceofforeigncomputermanufacturingandthetransformationstatusquoofChinesecomputermanufacturing,thethesisbuildsthemodelofthetransformationofChinesecomputermanufacturingservitizationformtheaspectsoftheconstructionofthevaluechainofcomputermanufacturingservitizationmergerandacquisitionofenterprisesandthecustomer-focusservicephilosophy.KeyWords:computermanufacturing,servitization,transformation,valuechain11.1GNP50%50%GDP60%70%209021IBMIBMDNAIBMIBM2004IBM21.21.2.11.1servitizationVandermerwe&Rada1998bundles[1]Tonietal.1994Robinsonetal.2002VanLooyetal.2003Baglin&Malleret20042servicizingWhite1999[2]Reiskin2000[3]IBMFishbeinetal2000Makower2001[4][5]3tertiarizationSzalavetz20033[6]2.12000[20]2MarceauMartines20023RMITHoughtonDELL[7]3.1Quinn1992[8]QuinnQuinn422002[21]1.2.2IT1PC2000PCPC[22]2PC2005PC[23]PCPC1.2.351.31.3.1IT1.3.2123IBM451.41.4.116231.4.217282.12.1.1GB/T4754-20022-12-1Table2-1Industrycategoryofcomputermanufacturing404404140424043GB/T4754-20022-22-2Table2-2Industrycategoryofcomputerserviceindustry61611611092-2612612061361306196190GB/T4754-20022.1.2150572345106302.1.3123112.1.4ITITITIT2-12-1Figure2-1DefinitionofcomputermanufacturingservitizationITITITIT122.22.2.118152003[24]13[25]HOHOHO201985142.2.22-2Figure2-2FiveForcesModelofMichaelPorter[26-28]ValueChain152O8O2O8O[9-10]2O9O2.2.319852-316[28]2-3Figure2-3BasicvaluechainPeterHines17JeffereyFRayportJohnJSviokla1995[11],,,,2.2.411940182[29]3[30]192-4Figure2-4Schematicdiagramofindustryvalueperiod2.31220DIY32-5212-5Figure2-5Valuecurveofcomputermanufacturing4IT223.11946603-14K3516K3364K2256K1M132070803-1Table3-1Developmentstageofcomputer1946-19571958-19641965-19701971-/50003////199223OECDR&DR&D[31]IBM5020052941IBM13IBM83000,3-2IBM2003-2007Table3-2R&DinputofIBMfrom2003to2007unitahundredmilliondollars20032004200520062007151575861622891.31962.93911.34914.24987.861/25.72%5.92%6.36%6.67%6.28%IT3-32006-2007ITTable3-3ShareandearningofITservicemarketinthewholeworldfrom2006to2007IT2007%2006%%IBM541.87.2482.477.112.2EDS221.33.0213.963.23.4206.162.8172.282.519.7186.22.5179.182.63.9172.522.3159.632.48.1CSC163.062.2151.362.27.75989.5380.05411.6979.910.77490.25100.06770.57100.010.53-3IBMIT24ITIBM3.23.2.1IBMIBMInternationalBusinessMachinesCorporation1911301602006IBM914IBM2090ITITIBMIBMIBM50%IBM3-41992-2005IBMTable3-4InputsourceofIBMfrom1992to2005unitmilliondollarsYearRevenue1992199319941995199619971998Hardwaresales133755305913234435600363163663035419Service273529711971512714158732516628916Others323416224142199323626237581671217332Totalrevenue4645236271664052719407594778508816671/452.31%48.78%50.50%49.49%47.82%46.66%43.37%2/411.39%15.48%15.17%17.67%20.90%32.06%35.41%253-4YearRevenue1999200020012002200320042005Hardwaresales137041344703059327456282393115424314Service232172331523495636360426354621347357Others318335174671751817370182571892619463Totalrevenue4875488508983067811868913196293911341/442.31%40.51%36.83%33.82%31.68%32.35%26.68%2/436.75%38.96%42.08%44.79%47.83%47.99%51.96%3-4IBMIBMITIBMIGSIBMIBM15=++++IGS[32]ConsultingIntegrationTrainingMaintainingOutsourcingIBMIGSIBMIBM3-1IBM[44]Figure3-1MarketpositioningofIBMIBMIBM263.2.2IB