社区精神疾病患者及家属服务的探索

ExplorationonRehabilitationServicetoPsychiatricPatientsandtheirfamiliesShanghaiPsychosocialRehabilitationAssociationMr.Zhong-liangBaoSPRA,ShanghaiPsychosocialRehabilitationAssociation„Establishedsince16July1992,theAssociationgainedsupportandrecognitionfromtheseniorpsychiatristsandpsychologistsjoinedasmembers.„1992716SPRA,ShanghaiPsychosocialRehabilitationAssociation„TheAssociationhasbeenplannedtoestablishsinceMarch1989toJuly1992.„1989319927ŠDuringthisplanningstage,plentyofpreparationworksincludeddeterminationonthenatureofwork,thefunctionofAssociation,locationoftheAssociation,searchingfinancial,manpowerplanningandhiringfortheassociationshouldbemadeandseekingapprovalfromrelevantgovernmentdepartments.ŠSPRA,ShanghaiPsychosocialRehabilitationAssociation„ServicesScopeoftheAssociation:Focusoncommunityeducationonmentalhealth,organizationoftrainingprogram,includingpsychosocialintervention,consultation,introductionofmentalillness,TheAssociationisthefirstorganizationtogetthecommonlawofsocialandhumanrighttoprovidethepsychosocialrehabilitationservice.„SPRA,ShanghaiPsychosocialRehabilitationAssociation„61Corporatemembersincludingmentalhealthcenters,educationalinstitutionsandcorporateetc.„61(:)„545IndividualMembersincludingpsychiatricpatients’families,rehabilitants,psychiatrists,andpsychiatricnursesetc.„545(:)„Facilities:-ActivityRoom-DayHospitalSPRA,ShanghaiPsychosocialRehabilitationAssociation„FinancialsupportoftheAssociation:„:„TheAssociationisnotsubsidizedbythegovernmentandthereforereliesonthesupportfromnon-governmentorganizationsintheSociety.„„Eventhough,ClubhouseModelisagoodmodelforpsychiatricrehabilitants,thedevelopmentoftheAssociationisnotgoingquitewellasotherwell-developmentclubhouseduetolimitedresources.„SPRA,ShanghaiPsychosocialRehabilitationAssociation„InShanghai,therearealotoforganizationsinvolvedinthemanagementofmentalhealthservices.Namely,ShanghaiCivilServiceBureau,ShanghaiUnitedOrganizationofDisabledandMentalDiseaseControlCentre.NostandardizedmonitoringmechanismisoneofthebarriersShanghaihastoknockdowninordertohaveawell-developedclubhouseandimprovetheservicestandardasinHongKong.„SPRA,ShanghaiPsychosocialRehabilitationAssociation„Accordingtothe“ShanghaiProvinceMentalHealthOrdinance”enforcedsince7Apr2002,everystreetinShanghaiisnoworganizing“FocalPointofRehabilitation”withitsownresources,astopwheredaytrainingactivitiesforpsychiatricrehabilitantsandmentallyretardedtobeheld.„200247SPRA,ShanghaiPsychosocialRehabilitationAssociation„TheAssociationprovidesfacilitiesincludingactivityroomanddayhospitalnow.„„Newservicesandfacilitiessuchashostel,tuckshop,bookshopandsupermarketarependingduetolimitedfinancialresources.„AttitudestowardsPsychiatricPatients„SituationinShanghai:Biasanddiscriminationtowardspsychiatricpatientsstillexist.ThesituationhasbeenimprovedsignificantlytheseyearsduetotheeffortsoncommunityeducationmadebytheGovernment,relevantdepartmentsandpsychiatricprofessionals.„:„SevenkindofpsychologicaldisordershasbeenincludedinMedicalInsuranceCoverage().Self-financemedicalexpenses()decreasedfrom30%to15%.„30%15%„PatientswithoutMedicalInsurancecanapplyforMedicinalDeliveranceFund(),includingAgedPension()andMedicalInsuranceFund().„AttitudestowardsPsychiatricPatients„ShanghaiCharityFundanddispatchingtheHelpingPovertyCard„„Tosolveproblemonprovidingtreatmentforthepersonwhoareunemployedandsufferedfromseverementalillness.„„Theexecutionofthe“ShanghaiProvinceMentalHealthOrdinance”hasrelievedthepatients’studyproblem.„„TheAssociationwillpromotementalhealtheducationtothepubliconMentalHealthDay,10Octoberofeveryyear.„1010SPRA,ShanghaiPsychosocialRehabilitationAssociation„Withovertenyear’sexperience,theAssociationnowconsidertoestablishnewfacilitiesincludingthefollowing:„:–PsychiatricRehabilitationHostel––PsychiatricTreatmentBase––CounselingClinic–Shops,TuckShopetc.