空间资讯技术之发展与服务

2002APECWorkshopone-LearningandDigitalLibrariesAcademiaSinica,Taipei,Taiwan.Dec.16-20SpatiotemporalInfrastructureforSemanticNetworkinDigitalArchivesEricYenComputingCentre,AcademiaSinicaDec,20022002APECWorkshopone-LearningandDigitalLibrariesAcademiaSinica,Taipei,Taiwan.Dec.16-20OutlineIntroductionNDAPApproaches–Space-Time-LanguageCoordinatesArchivingandprocessingofmillionsofgeospatialmaterialsinASCharacteristicsHowtodelveintotheknowledgelevelExperiences&LessonswelearnedExtendtomoregeneralsolutionGeolibraryTheTrendsConclusions2002APECWorkshopone-LearningandDigitalLibrariesAcademiaSinica,Taipei,Taiwan.Dec.16-20IntroductiontoDigitalArchiveDigitalArchiveisacollectionofdigitalobjects.Adigitalobjectisdefinedassomething(e.g.,animage,anaudiorecording,atextdocument,amovie,amap)thathasbeendigitallyencodedandintegratedwithmetadatatosupportdiscovery,use,andstorageofthoseobjects.GoalsforDigitalArchive(functionalpointofview)ProtectionoftheoriginalDuplicationforsafetySearchandRetrievalEasyAccessResourceSharingLowercostofmaintenanceanddisseminationMax.flexibilityforintegrationofheterogeneous/homogeneousinformationresourcesProvidingabundantresourcesforknowledgediscoveryandknowledgeconstruction2002APECWorkshopone-LearningandDigitalLibrariesAcademiaSinica,Taipei,Taiwan.Dec.16-20KnowledgeDiscoveryandConstructionKnowledgeconstructionmeanstheactiveprocessofmanipulatingdatatoarriveatabstractmodelsofrelationshipsamongphenomenaintheworldthatfacilitateourunderstandingofthosephenomenaand,ultimately,oftheworld.[1]Knowledgediscoveryisanontrivialprocessofidentifyingvalid,novel,useful,andunderstandablepatternindata.[2]Persistentcataloging,classification,andsegmentationofdigitalobjectsisthegroundforfindingpatterns,models,andtrendsoflargevolumedata.Reference:1.MacEachren,A.etal,ConstructingknowledgefrommultivariatespatiotemporalData:integratinggeographicvisualizationwithknowledgediscoveryindatabasemethods2.Fayyad,U.,Piatetsky-Shapiro,G.andSmyth,P.,1996,Fromdataminingtoknowledgediscovery:Anoverview.InadvancesinKnowledgeDiscoveryandDataMining,pp.1-34.2002APECWorkshopone-LearningandDigitalLibrariesAcademiaSinica,Taipei,Taiwan.Dec.16-20TypesofElementaryKnowledgeOrganizationSystemsClassificationSystemsOntologiesTaxonomiesIndexLanguagesThesauriandothercontrolledlistsofkeywordsGlossaryDictionariesClusteringApproachesLexicalDatabasesConceptMaps/SpacesSemanticRoadMaps…2002APECWorkshopone-LearningandDigitalLibrariesAcademiaSinica,Taipei,Taiwan.Dec.16-20WhyKnowledge-basedApproachforDigitalLibrary?1Providing“ConceptualInfrastructure”MappingouttheconceptualstructureandprovidingacommonlanguageforafieldProvidingclassification/typologyandconceptdefinitions.Clarifyingconceptsbyputtingthemintocontext.ThusprovidingorientationandservingasareferencetoolforindividualresearchersandpractitionersandtherebyAssistingwiththeexplorationoftheconceptualcontextofaresearchproblemandinstructuringtheproblem,therebyprovidingtheconceptualbasisforthedesignofgoodresearch,fortheconsistentdefinitionofvariables,andthusthecumulationofresearchresults.Providingtheconceptualbasisfortheexplorationofthevariousaspectsofaprograminprogramplanning,intheidentificationofapproachesandstrategies,andinthedevelopmentofevaluationcriteriaAssistingusersinunderstandingcontextAssistinginformationproviderswithconceptualizingatopicandwithfindingthepropertermDiscoveryofhighqualityresourcesProvidingframeworksforinformationexchangeandresourceinteroperabilityDagobertSoergel,EvaluationofKnowledgeOrganizationSystems(KOS)2002APECWorkshopone-LearningandDigitalLibrariesAcademiaSinica,Taipei,Taiwan.Dec.16-20InformationStorage&RetrievalInformationsystem(s)inwhichthevocabularyistobeusedUseofthevocabularyVocabularycontrolinindexingandsearching(controlledvocabulary)Vocabularycontrolonlyforsearching.Assistwithclarifyingasearchtopicandassemblingallapplicableconceptsandterms,whethersearchingwithacontrolledvocabularyoffree-text.ISARtechnique(s)(suchas:printedindex,computersearchsystem).Supportofinclusive(hierarchicallyexpanded)searchingAutomatedvs.manualindexingorqueryformulation.Approachtoindexingtobesupported:Request-orientedvs.entity-orientedTechniquesforelicitinguserneeds(e.g.,menubasedonsearchtree;questionsbasedonfacetstructure)Summaryevaluationofthevocabulary'sadequacyforthestatedpurposeonthemoredetailedanalysisasoutlinedbelow.TranslationLanguagelearningDagobertSoergel,EvaluationofKnowledgeOrganizationSystems(KOS)WhyKnowledge-basedApproachforDigitalLibrary?22002APECWorkshopone-LearningandDigitalLibrariesAcademiaSinica,Taipei,Taiwan.Dec.16-20DigitallibraryrequirementsforknowledgeorganizationschemasTheneedforknowledgeorganizationinsubjectgatewaysanddiscoveryservices,issuesofapplicationanduseWeb-baseddirectorystructuresasknowledgeorganizationsystemsKnowledgeorganizationassupportforweb-basedinformationretrieval,queryexpansion,cross-languagesearchingSemanticportalsECDL2000,SpecialWorkshoponNetworkedKnowledgeOrganizationSystems,