系统介入的难题以大学入学考试中心教育服务工作为例

139BulletinofTestingandAssessment系統介入的難題：以大學入學考試中心教育服務工作為例考試學刊第三期2007.12ߓอտԵऱᣄᠲΚאՕᖂԵᖂەᇢխ֨ඒߛࣚ೭ՠ܂੡ࠏ୙ࣥ堚င⓫ᐝᇞൕྱ᎖ոՕᖂՕᖂԵᖂەᇢխ֨ኴ૞ՕᖂԵᖂەᇢխ֨ʻՕەխ֨ʼඒߛࣚ೭๠Δٻࠐ๯ီ੡ਢլٵ࣍ࠡהૹ૞Եᖂەᇢᖲዌփොऱ௽௘๻ૠհԫΖء֮ઔߒृီψඒߛࣚ೭๠ං೯ඒߛࣚ೭ऱՠ܂መ࿓ωࡉඒߛࣚ೭๠ൕՕەխ֨ψิ៣ਮዌխ௣؈ωऱ෼ွ੡൶౉ऱ׌ᠲΖڂ੡ຍଡംᠲፖՕەխ֨ڇψەࢵ։مω৵ࢬ૿ኙऱิ៣᠏ীፖඒߛࣚ೭ՠ܂ऱܺቼയ֊ઌᣂΔء֮ല٣១ฃᎅࣔՕەխ֨ิ៣ڇլٵၸ੄࿇୶ᑌᎎऱߓอ౧࿮Δ٦אەᇢፖࢵسऱ᧢֏ᖵ࿓೚੡Եᖂፖەᇢࠫ৫᧢଀ऱ؆ຝ౧࿮Δࠐᆜ࣋ࠀڃ᥽ඒߛࣚ೭ՠ܂ऱ܂شፖዝ᧢ᖵ࿓Ζհ৵Δ٦طψەࢵ։مωࢬ෰೯ऱՕەխ֨ิ៣᧢֏ࡉՠ܂ृኙ๠ቼऱवᤚΔ೚੡ছ៓ऱمߩ๠Δ᠏ٻ່৵ऱඔقፖ৬ᤜΖԿۯઔߒृ݁མਢՕەխ֨ඒߛࣚ೭๠ՠ܂ृΔڂۖء֮ऱݙګࠌشԱՠ܂ृܛઔߒृऱψ۩೯ઔߒωֱऄΔ௽ܑਢאψኙ۩೯֘ਠωΰreflection-on-actionαࡉψ֘ਠኙᇩωΰreflectionconversationαऱֱऄΔאԿۯՠ܂ृΰઔߒृαኙመװऱՠ܂ಖᙕΕ۞ߪऱ೶ፖᆖ᧭ࡉፖהृʻഏփඒߛՠ܂ृʼऱ๶ᓫփ୲ۖᐷᐊऱΖᣂ᝶ဲΚࠫ৫᧢଀ΕߓอտԵΕᖲዌ֏੺ᒵΕቸ᧯ߓอᐋڻΕ۩೯խ֘ਠ୙ࣥ堚Δ᎖ոՕᖂ֨෻ߓඒ඄င⓫ᐝΔՕᖂԵᖂەᇢխ֨റ୮ᇞൕྱΔՕᖂԵᖂەᇢխ֨റ୉140考試學刊BulletinofTestingandAssessment第三期2007.12系統介入的難題：以大學入學考試中心教育服務工作為例TheDilemmaofSystemIntervention:TheCaseofEducationalServiceinCollegeEntranceExaminationCenterLin-ChingHsia,Tsung-HuiShu,Tsung-LinHsiehFuJenCatholicUniversity,CollegeEntranceExaminationCenterAbstractTheestablishmentoftheEducationalServiceDepartmentisauniquefeatureoftheCollegeEntranceExaminationCenter,whencomparedwithotherexaminationinstitutesinTaiwan.Theauthorsreporttheirexperienceinworkingwiththedepartmentanddiscusshowthedepartmentwaseventuallyremovedfromtheorganization.ThediscussionisrelevanttothedifficultsituationthatCEECisnowfacedwith.Afterthepolicyofseparatingexaminationandenrollmentprocesshasbeenimplemented,adjustmentofinstitutionalorganizationhasbeeninevitable,whichthenledtochangeofthenatureofeducationalserviceCEEChasbeenproviding.Suchachangeisthemajorconcernofthispaper.Inthispaper,thehistoryandworkdomainsoftheEducationalServiceDepartmentisfirstbrieflydescribed.TheorganizationalchangeandperceptionsofworkersinvolvedunderthepolicyofSeparationofexaminationandenrollmentarethendiscussed.Lastly,educationalimplicationsandsuggestionsaremade.AsthethreeauthorsusedtoworkintheDepartment,the“actionresearch”approachwasadopted.Particularly,themethodologyofreflection-on-actionandreflectionconversationwasused.Keywords:policyreformation,systemintervention,instutionalizedboundary,levelsofgroupsystem,reflectiononactionLin-ChingHsia,Professor,DepartmentofPsychology,FuJenCatholicUniversityTsung-HuiShu,Specialist,CollegeEntranceExaminationCenterTsung-LinHsieh,StaffMember,CollegeEntranceExaminationCenter141BulletinofTestingandAssessment系統介入的難題：以大學入學考試中心教育服務工作為例考試學刊第三期2007.12ছߢ1993ڣ8ִᖵᆖֻ೏֮֗ພ੡ᢋࠟٚඒߛຝ९Δطԫิઔߒቸၷक़Ա؄ڣઔߒ֨ԺΔࢬ๻ૠݙګऱψՕᖂڍցԵᖂֱூω1ΔאՕᖂψං៺ጉᙇԵᖂֱூωΰංጉα2੡ᇢ८فΔ๵ቤԱ؄ڣऱᇢ۩ཚΔઔߒृհԫ୙ࣥ堚ঁਢڇຍଡದរՂΔ࠹ᝮ3אଗᓳֱڤΔڇՕᖂԵᖂەᇢխ֨ΰՕەխ֨αඒߛࣚ೭๠ΔᖜٚԱ؄ڣऱറ៭๠९Ζ1996ڣܦࠇຝ९ٚփ߉༼נᙟܛᇢᙄऱψՕᖂعᓮԵᖂωΔᓢᚰԱԫऴאࠐψ՛֨࠻ᥨωऱ׼ԫڍցጥሐՕᖂψං៺ጉᙇԵᖂֱூωΔޓຑ೯Աψޏߜڤᜤࢵω4ऱפඓিګΔ່৵੡ԱڃᚨᅝழषᄎൣቼΔψՕᖂڍցԵᖂᄅֱூω5׽൓צআංנΖ1997ڣ4ִՕᖂࢵس࿜ၞᄎ(٤ټ੡Օᖂࢵسࡡ୉ᄎ࿜ၞᄎΔএؾছՕᖂࢵسࡡ୉ᄎᜤٽᄎհছߪ)ګمΔإڤ༼ூאψەࢵ։ᠦω6ऱՕᖂڍցԵᖂᄅֱூ࠷זႚอՕᖂᜤࢵΖ1997~2003ڣ୙ࣥ堚ၲࡨ᠏੡Օەխ֨ଫ៭᥽ംΔ܀սז෻ඒߛࣚ೭๠๠९ԫ៭Δ2004ڣ᢯װ᥽ം៭Δ๠९ԫ៭ٌطᇷ෡ՠ܂ृင⓫ᐝז෻Ζ2006ڣ5ִՕەխ֨ิ៣᧢೯Δطն๠ᓳᖞ੡Կ๠7Ζ۞ڼΔඒߛࣚ೭๠ψዽᗉωߨԵᖵ׾Δۖඒߛࣚ೭๠ՠ܂ृՈ։ٚլٵ๠৛ࣚ೭Δ୶ၲᄅऱՠ܂૿ᎎΖ1!߯ࡰεᏢΕᏢԵ၂ύЈܭ2::3ԃӛ௲ػ೽ගрϐȠך୯εᏢΕᏢڋࡋׯॠࡌ᝼ਜ.εᏢӭϡΕᏢБਢȡ)ΞᆀआҜਜ*Ǵϣ৒൩ᆵ᡼εᏢΕᏢڋࡋׯॠБӛගр΋ঁ᏾ᡏᄬགྷǴх֖ׯؼԄᖄܕǵ௢ᙚᅩᒧǵႣঅᅩ၂ǵڮᚒׯ຾Ϸଯύԋᕮ௦યޑᄬགྷᆶӢᔈޑׯॠჹ฼Ƕ!2!ፎ၁ـεᏢΕᏢԵ၂ύЈȐ2::3ȑǴȠך୯εᏢΕᏢڋࡋׯॠࡌ᝼ਜ.εᏢӭϡΕᏢБਢȡǴ।4346Ƕ!3!হ௲௤݅మ྽ਔҺ௲ܭᇶϘεᏢᔈҔЈ౛سȐҞ߻Ј౛سϐ߻يȑǴӧᏤૐ୷ߎ཮ᒤ౛ϐεᏢᖄԵᒧ༤!דᜫ০ፋ཮ύ่᛽ఆೀߏߝӓǴࡕ࿶ځ௢ᙚᏼҺεԵύЈ௲ػ୍ܺೀೀߏǶ!4!ፎ၁ـεᏢΕᏢԵ၂ύЈȐ2::3ȑǴȠך୯εᏢΕᏢڋࡋׯॠࡌ᝼ਜ.εᏢӭϡΕᏢБਢȡǴ।3842Ƕ!5!ȨεᏢӭϡΕᏢཥБਢȩȐΞᆀқҜਜȑόӕܭεԵύЈܭ2::3ԃӛ௲ػ೽ගрϐȠך୯εᏢΕᏢڋࡋׯॠࡌ᝼ਜ.εᏢӭϡΕᏢБਢȡϣ৒ǴமፓȨᙁൂȩǵȨϦѳȩǵȨӭϡȩǴё೵΢iuuq;00xxx/kcdsd/fev/uxεᏢܕғہ঩཮ᖄӝ཮ᆛઠࢗ၌Ƕ!6!εᏢӭϡΕᏢཥБਢޑᆒઓǺȨԵ၂஑཰ϯȩᆶȨܕғӭϡϯȩǶ2::8ԃ5ДǴεᏢܕғ฼຾཮ԋҥǴ!҅ԄගਢаȨԵܕϩᚆȩڗжᖄܕǴ྽ਔܿֆεᏢቅਠߏྍߪ߾ග᝼҅ӜࣁȨԵܕϩҥȩǴ൩ࢂஒ໺಍җӚεᏢӅӕၮբޑܕғᆶԵ၂բ཰ϩ໒Ǵ҂ٰӚεᏢஒѝ஑ݙܭڋुܕғ኱ྗᆶచҹǴΕᏢԵ၂߾җځд஑ೢԵ၂ᐒᄬᒤ౛ǴԾԜǴׯᡂΑԵ၂ᆶܕғޑᜢ߯Ƕ߻εԵύЈᛥЬҺልᏛΨࡰрǴځჴȨԵܕϩᚆȩǵȨԵܕϩҥȩ٠ؒԖεၰ౛ӸӧΨؒԖϙሶଯుޑ֖ကǴԶֹӄࢂᒤ౛ܕғਔޑ΋ঁൂપמೌ܄ୢᚒǶҁЎӧፋϷȨԵܕϩᚆȩ΋ຒǴࣁమཱᇥܴεԵύЈࣁ୯ϣȨ஑ೢԵ၂ᐒᄬȩϐ΋ޑۓՏǴࣣаȨԵܕϩҥȩ΋ຒඹжǶ!73117ԃεԵύЈಔᙃፓ᏾ᙁౣᇥܴǺಃ΋ೀࣁচࣴزว৖ೀǹಃΒೀࣁচԵ၂཰୍ೀǵ௲ػ୍ܺೀϷၗૻᆅ౛ೀǹಃΟೀࣁচᆕӝ཰୍ೀǶ!142考試學刊BulletinofTestingandAssessment第三期2007.12系統介入的難題：以大學入學考試中心教育服務工作為例໸Ε༼ംፖڃᚨิ៣ᓳᖞ৵Δ଺ءא੡ലፖψඒߛࣚ೭ωࢤᔆऱՠ܂ᎅ٦ߠΜ܀ᖵᆖԫڣڍࠐΔઔߒृ࿇෼ࠃኔլྥΔඒߛࣚ೭๠ऱՠ܂ႈڇխ֨ᄐ೭࿇୶࠷ඍխψࠐࠐڃڃωΖ੡۶Λംᇆԫଡ൷ထԫଡൕઔߒृऱ֨ضسದΔઔߒृړ࡛ထΕ౏༠ထΔ૿ኙඒߛࣚ೭ຍයሁऱᒴದᒴᄰΔઔߒृ൓۞ա೯֫ބ࿠ூΖຍଡ࿠ூឈྥլਢᏝଖຑৄऱᣪ៲Δ܀ऴᤚچᎁ੡ࡉխ֨ၸ੄ࢤิ៣ፋٽऱψയᒘωፖآࠐऱψฝ೯౨ၦωڶৰՕઌᣂΔࠐ۞֨ࢍ෡๠ऱᜢଃܫ္ઔߒृΚࢨ๺ᝫլࠩψܫܑழࠥωΔࢨ๺ඒߛࣚ೭ՠ܂ԫऴ༉๯Ꮑ૞ፖژڇΔࢨ๺ඒߛࣚ೭ՠ܂ൕࠐ޲ᠦၲመΔ׽ਢ๯࢙ฃԱΔᕣጥඒߛࣚ೭๠բᆖൕՕەխ֨ऱิ៣ਮዌխψ௣؈ωԱΜء֮ઔߒृီψඒߛࣚ೭๠ං೯ඒߛࣚ೭ऱՠ܂መ࿓ωࡉඒߛࣚ೭๠ൕՕەխ֨ψิ៣ਮዌխ௣؈ωऱ෼ွ੡ݺଚ൶౉ऱ׌ᠲΖڂ੡ຍଡംᠲፖՕەխ֨ڇψەࢵ։مω৵ࢬ૿ኙऱิ៣᠏ীፖඒߛࣚ೭ՠ܂ऱܺቼയ֊ઌᣂΔאՀݺଚᄎ٣១ฃᎅࣔՕەխ֨ิ៣ڇլٵၸ੄ऱ࿇୶ᑌᎎΔ٦אەᇢፖࢵسऱ᧢֏ᖵ࿓೚੡Եᖂፖەᇢࠫ৫᧢଀ऱ؆ຝ౧࿮Δطࠫ৫᧢଀ऱ؆ຝመ࿓౧࿮ࡉՕەխ֨ิ៣ऱߓอ౧࿮ࠐᆜ࣋ࠀڃ᥽ඒߛࣚ೭ՠ܂ऱ܂شፖዝ᧢ᖵ࿓Ζհ৵Δ٦طψەࢵ։مωࢬ෰೯ऱՕەխ֨ิ៣᧢֏ࡉՠ܂ृኙ๠ቼऱवᤚ8Δ೚੡ছ៓ऱمߩ๠Δ᠏ٻ່৵ऱඔقፖ৬ᤜΖԿۯઔߒृ݁མਢՕەխ֨ඒߛࣚ೭๠ՠ܂ृΔڂۖء֮ࠌشԱՠ܂ृܛઔߒृऱψ۩೯ઔߒωֱऄ(୙ࣥ堚Δ1997a)Δ௽ܑਢאψኙ۩೯֘ਠωΰreflection-on-actionα9ࡉψ֘ਠኙᇩωΰreflectionconversationα10ऱֱऄΔאԿۯՠ܂ृΰઔߒृαኙመװऱՠ܂ಖᙕΕ۞ߪऱ೶ፖᆖ᧭ࡉፖהृऱ๶8ፎୖԵεԵύЈ௲ػ୍ܺೀܭ3115ԃ܌рހȠ௲ػ୍ܺπբຑ՗ೖፋ஑ᒠȡ΋ਜǶ!9٩Epobme!B/!TdipoჹՉ୏ᜪࠠޑࣚۓǴȨჹՉ୏ϸࢀȩȐsfgmfdujpo.po.bdujpoȑࢂ஑཰Չ୏ޑ΋ঁख़ा੝ՅǴ྽ךॺԖሡाܴқӦҔαᇟϯٰࡌᄬ܈׎ԋޕ᛽ਔǴךॺߡ཮ӧࢌ٤ਔڅჹԾρܜᚆрՉ୏٠ЪჹՉ୏຾ՉϸࢀǶࣜ10Epobme!B/!TdipoࡰрȨϸࢀჹ၉ȩࢂჴ፬ޣکԾρޑჴ፬Չ୏ϷჹԾيჴ፬ჹдޣᆶᕉნวғΑ࡛ኬޑբҔޑᒣ݋ӣᢀǶࣜ143BulletinofTestingandAssessment系統介入的難題：以大學入學考試中心教育服務工作為例考試學刊第三期2007.12ᓫփ୲11੡ࠉᖕۖᐷᐊΖ၁Εࠫ৫᧢଀խऱඒߛኔᔌ़ၴڇ1993~1997ڣψංጉωᇢ۩ऱ؄ڣխΔՕەխ֨ඒߛࣚ೭๠ՠ܂ቸၷΔࠌشψ۩೯ઔߒωऱֱऄΔီψංጉω੡طԫิ௽ࡳᄗ࢚ࢬݮګऱඒߛ๻ૠΔຍԫଡ๻ૠΔطՂۖՀچեቃտԵԱ೏խඒߛຏ࢓Օᖂऱψ֒ᖂᖲᄎ࿨ዌω(ڇመװਢ׽ڶႚอՕᖂᜤࢵऱ᜔։ඈݧ։࿇ֱڤ)ΙՕەխ֨ඒߛࣚ೭๠ऱՠ܂ঞਢՠ܂ृڶრᢝچᆖطլٵ੒೯ࢬขسऱΖ،࿇ཀԱնጟլٵפ౨12ऱՠ܂ႈؾΔຍࠄՠ܂੒೯Δᖿ࿇Ա೏խඒߛՠ܂ृᣋრലංጉᆵኔࠩ೏խ᎖ᖄՠ܂խऱՠ܂ᖵ࿓ΔٵழΔՈႝ֏Ա೏խඒஃኙࠡ۞ߪψګ੡ඒߛኔᔌ׌᧯ωऱመ࿓ڶࢬᤚኘ(୙ࣥ堚Δ1997b)Ζ១ߢհΔאՕᖂԵᖂࡉەᇢޏ଀ࠫ৫ऱຍԫጟՕীऱΔഏ୮طՂ࢓Հ๵ቤං೯ऱඒޏֱூΔڕ۶౨ᝩ܍ഗᐋऱรԫᒵඒߛՠ܂ृ෠੡ਙח৙ᖄऱψᖙ܎ኙွωΛ֘ۖױא༳༽ᖲᄎΔሎشᇷᄭࠌ۞ߪڇࠫ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