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第1页英语词性一．名词：1.含义：表示人、事物、地方、现象或抽象概念等的名称的词。2.分类：专有名词和普通名词3.普通名词分为可数名词的和不可数名词可数名词1）可数名词单数表达法：一般可用a/an来修饰，表示数量“一”；注意：在辅音发音开头的单词前用a;在元音发音开头的单词前用an;2）可数名词有复数形式3）可数名词用many修饰表“许多”不可数名词1）不可数名词没有复数形式2）可数名词用much修饰表“许多”4.专有名词是表示人、地方、事物等特有的名词，它的第一个字母要大写。如：人名：Tom，Peter，MrYang地名：Europe，NewYork，Wanzhou节日、月份、星期：Christmas，February，Saturday一般来讲，专有名词前面不用定冠词the。但江河海洋，山脉群岛地理名称前要用定冠词；有两个以上的普通名词组成的专有名词前，一般要用定冠词。theYangtzeRivertheGreatWall二.代词:单数人称主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词第一人称I(我)_____my(我的)____________第二人称you(你)_______your(你的)yours_____第三人称he(他)_______his(他的)__________________her(她)_______hers(她的)___________it(它)its(它的)____________复数用所给词的适当形式填空.1.Whatcoloris_______(you)quilt?2.Thisboyandhisfriendenjoyed___________(they)yesterday..3._______aregoodstudents.Ilike______verymuch.(they)4.Maryalwayswashesclothesby____________(she).5.Fruitcanmake________(we)healthy.6.Theseare____________(child)books.Theyputthemonthedesk.?7.Thisis______(I)book.Whereis_____(she)?8.It’s____(he)pencil.Thoseare_____(he),too9.Thisis________(Jim)brother.10.________(he)areourgoodfriends.______(he)schoolbagsareintheclassroom.人称主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词第一人称we(我们)______________ours(我们的)_____第二人称you(你们)you(你们)your(你们的)____________第三人称they(他她它们)___________________________第2页三.冠词1.含义：它是一个虚词，须置于名词之前，限定名词；2.分类：a.不定冠词（a，an）b.定冠词（the）c.零冠词（即在某些场合不使用冠词）；四．形容词1.含义：用以修饰名词，表示事物的特征的词。e.g.long,big,cheap,old2.多个形容词作定语时的排列顺序一件棕色的长T恤_______________________一件白色的短毛衣______________________五．动词1.含义：动词表示主语的动作或状态2.动词的种类。(1)及物动词vt，其后接宾语。Shelikesapples.(2)不及物动词vi，不接宾语。Classesfinish.(3)连系动词，接表语。Theyarenurses.Hismotherlooksyoung.(4)助动词(它无实在意思，只起语法作用)。Doyoulikepandas?Idon’tplaysoccer.(5)情态动词，接动词原形(它不能单独作谓语，有自己的意思，无人称和数的变化)。Hemustgonow.IcanspeakEnglish.I．用所给词的正确形式填空1．That________（sound）interesting.2．yourbrother（like）English？3．Heis___________(practice)thepianonow.4．He_________(write)ashortstoryyesterday．5．She___________（play）sportseveryday.6．Let’s___________(play)tennis.7.Theparentsdon’twanttheirson___________(watch)TVonschooldays.六．副词1．副词的用法及位置(1)修饰动词作状语①多数位于动词之后，及物动词的宾语或介词的宾语之后。ShespeaksEnglishwell.②频度副词放在动词前，情态动词和助动词之后。Healwaysgoestoschoolat7:00.Sheisoftenlate.(2)修饰形容词作状语，放在形容词前。Hehasaverynicewatch.Theboxistoobig.(3)修饰另一副词作状语，放在另一副词前。Youspeaktoofast.I．单项选择1.Hismeatlooks_____andsells_____.A.good,goodB.well,wellC.good,wellD.well,good2.Thesongsounds______.A.healthB.nicelyC.wellD.good3.Heplaysbasketball________andheisvery________.A.good,healthB.well,healthC.good,healthyD.well,healthy4.Lindaalways_________fruitafterlunch.Shehas_______healthyeatinghabits.A.has,aB.have,aC.eat,veryD.eats,very七.介词1.含义：又称前置词，是一种虚词。介词不能单独做句子成分。介词后须接宾语，介词与其宾语构成介词短语。2.常见介词的基本用法①with和……一起Hewantstoplaywithme.②about关于Whataboutthiscoat？（……怎么样）=Howaboutthiscoat?③after在……之后afterclassafterschool第3页④before在……之前before9o’clock⑤in1)在……里面Mybookisintheschoolbag.2)表时间+时间段inthemorninginJune3)+颜色：穿着......颜色的衣服Thegirlinredismysister.⑥on1)在……上面Ourbooksareonthedesk.2)+具体日期或具体哪天的时间段onMondaymorningonMaysecond⑦under在……下面Therearetwoballsunderthedesk.⑧below在……下面Becauseofthebadweather,Ican’tseeanythingbelow.⑨near在……附近Welivenearthepark.⑩of……的Doyouknowthenameofthegirl?11for1)因为Thankyoufor2)为了Ibuyasweaterformymother.3)+时间段，表示持续一段时间Ihaveamusicclassforfortyminutes12from从frommorningtoevening13at1)朝……方向Lookatme,please.2)表时间+具体时间点Igotoschoolat8:00.[运用]用以上介词填空1.Thankyou________yourhelp.2.Ineedasweater_______schoolandabag__________sports.3.Whatdoyouneed________yourbirthday?4.Maryalwaysgotoschool______herclassmate.5.Septembercomes________August.6.Ilikechickenandsalad__________dinner.(作为)7.________girls,(对…来说)wehaveblacktrousers_____only$21.(以…的价格)8.Socksareonly$2_______threepairs.9.Youcanasktheteacher________yourIDcard.10.Ithink_______havingatrip_______myparentsthismonth.11.Look,myruleris_______thepencil-box______thedesk.12.Wesellallourclothes_____averygoodprice.Theyareall______sale.13.Weare_______(在……下面)themoon..14.YoucancallTom________833—4563.15.Wehaveskirts________purple______only$12.16.Weneedtogotoschool________MondaytoFriday.八．数词1.基数词的构词法：2.序数词。含义：表示顺序的词称为序数词。九．连词1.连词定义:用来连接词、短语或句子的词。2.用法：(1)表并列关系:and：和，又--用来连接两个并列的成分，或表示顺承关系；MyparentsandIlikewatchingTV.表并列Thispenisredandthatoneisblue.表顺承(2)表转折关系:but但是Ilikemath,butmyfrienddoesn’t.although,though(3)表因果关系：because因为so所以(4)表时间顺序：before,after单选题。()1.Lincolnwasbornon________.A.February12,1809B.1809,February12C.1809,12FebruaryD.February1809,12()2.A_______boycansingtheEnglishsongverywell.A.ten-year-oldB.tenyearsoldC.ten-years-oldD.fifthyearsold()3.----Howmanynewwordsaretherein________lesson?----Thereareonly_________.A.five;fifthB.fifth;fiveC.thefifth;thefiveD.thefifth;five()4.Pleasetakeme_______book.第4页A.thirdB.threeC.thethirdD.thethree()5.Mr.SmithisanEnglishteacher______heteachesusEnglish.A.orB.andC.butD.so()6.Thefirstclassbegins_______8o’clock______themorning.A.at/onB.at/inC.on/inD.on/on()7.Wehaveafootballmatch_____thisSaturdayafternoon..A.onB./C.inD.for()8.--Youarewelcome()9.Look_______th()10.Whoistheboy____bluetrousers?A.inB.onC.withD.at总练习一、用所给词的正确形式填空1.--_________they________(have)lunchatschool?--Yes.--What