Unit3-Goods-Move.-People-Move.-Ideas-Move

Unit3GoodsMove.PeopleMove.IdeasMove.AndCulturesChange.ErlaZwingleStructureoftheTextPartI(Paras.1-3)Globalizationisarealitybutitisnotsomethingcompletelynew.Whatisnewisthespeedandscopeofchange.PartII(Paras.4-6)Thispartdealswithdifferentviewsonglobalization.PartIII(Paras.7-9)Threepointsaremadeinthispart:(1)Westernizationisnotastraightroadtohell,ortoparadiseeither.(2)Culturesareasresourceful,resilient,andunpredictableasthepeoplewhocomposethem.(3)Teenagersareoneofthepowerfulenginesofmergingglobalcultures.PartIV(Paras.10-13)Thispartdescribestheauthor’sexperiencewithAmandaFreeman,a“coolhunter.”PartV(Paras.14-19)Inordertoprovethatthetrendistowardfusion,theauthorusesTomSloperandmah-jongasanexample.PartVI(Para.20)Thisisatransition,usingChina’schangeinthepast20yearsasanexample.PartVII(Paras.21-24)ThispartdealswithculturaltrendsinShanghai.PartVIII(Paras.25-28)TheauthorusesherexperienceattheShanghaiTheatreAcademytoillustrateherpointthatthechangeisatthelevelofideas.PartIX(Paras.29-34)Inthispart,theauthorintroducesAlvinToffler’sviewonconflict,changeandtheworldorder.PartX(Para.35)Asumming-upoflinking---goodsmove,peoplemoveandideasmove.PartXI(Para.36)Conclusion:Theresultoflinkingischangewhichmeanstransformationofeachother.PartXII(Paras.37-39)TheauthoragainusesanexamplefromShanghaitoillustratethetransformationofcultures.PartVIII(Para.40)Linkingintheendmeansthelinkingofheart.II.DetailedAnalysisoftheText1.QuestionsonParagraph1:Howdoestheauthorbeginthisarticle?WhydoesshequoteMarxandEngels?Theauthorbeginsthearticlewiththestatement“Todayweareinthethroesofaworldwidereformationofcultures”whichiscalledglobalization.Heretheauthorpointsoutthatglobalizationisaworldwidemovementandamovementofreformationofcultures.Shedoesnotsay,“mergingofcultures”but“reformationofcultures,”indicatingthattheculturesintheworldwillcontinuetoexistbuttheywillnotexistunchanged.Theauthorthensaysthatglobalizationisnotanexactwordtodescribethechanges.Why?TheauthorquotesMarxandEngelstoproveherpoint.Accordingtopolls,MarxandEngelsareratedamongthemostinfluentialfiguresofthepastonethousandyears.Theauthor’sintentionistwo-fold:ontheonehandshewantstoshowthatglobalizationhasresultedfromtheriseofmodernindustryandworldmarkets;ontheothershewantstostressthatitisaprocessandahistoricalprocessatthat.Editor’snote:ThefavorablereceptionintheWestofChineseKunQu(昆曲)“PeonyPavilion”(牡丹亭),thepopularityofKoreanfilmsinChina,theuproarovertaintedmilkpowderinvolvingaChinese-NewZealandjointventurecompany,thealarmcausedinternationallybybirdfluareallexamplesofthedevelopmentofglobalization.2.Todayweareinthethroesofaworldwidereformationofcultures,atectonicshiftofhabitsanddreamscalled,inthecuriousvocabularyofsocialscientists,“globalization.”(Para.1)inthethroesof:intheactofstrugglingwith(aproblem,decision,task,etc.)Translation:今天我们正经历着一种世界范围文化剧变的阵痛,一种习俗与追求的结构性变化,用社会科学家奇特的词汇来称呼这种变化，就叫“全球化”。3.Inplaceoftheoldwants,requiringfortheirsatisfactiontheproductsofdistantlandsandclimes,...(Para.1)Paraphrase:Insteadofpeople’straditionalneeds,wefindnew“felt”needs,demandinggoodsfromdistantandfar-offplacestomeetthem.Note:Theobjectof“requiring”is“theproducts;“fortheirsatisfaction”isanadverbialphrase,showingpurpose.4.Theirstatementnowdescribesanordinaryfactoflife.(Para.1)Paraphrase:MarxandEngelsmadetheprediction150yearsago.Buttodayitisnotapredictionbutsomethingthathappenseveryday.5.Howpeoplefeelaboutthisdependsagreatdealonwheretheyliveandhowmuchmoneytheyhave.(Para.2)Paraphrase:People’sattitudetowardglobalizationistoagreatextentdeterminedbywhethertheyareindevelopedorlessdevelopedcountriesandwhethertheyareamongthehavesorthehave-nots.Note:Theauthoristoalargeextentcorrectinmakingthisstatement.AccordingtopollsintheU.S.,theattitudetowardsglobalizationhasalottodowithaperson’slevelofincomeandeducation.Ananalysisoftheeconomicsituationintheworldinrecentyearsshowsthatmostofthebenefitsofglobalizationhavegonetothedevelopedworld,hencethedissatisfactionandresentmentofmanyintheThirdWorld.6.Yetglobalization,asonereportstated,“isareality,notachoice.”(Para.2)Paraphrase:Globalizationisnotsomethingthatyoucanacceptorreject;itisalreadyafactoflife,whichyouwillencounterandhavetorespondtoeveryday.7.Humanshavebeenweavingcommercialandculturalconnectionssincebeforethefirstcamelcaravanventuredafield.(Para.2)caravan:acompanyoftravelers,esp.ofmerchantsorpilgrimstravelingtogetherforsafety,asthroughadesertventure:toundertaketheriskof,tobraveafield:away(fromhome)Paraphrase:Peopleintheworldmadecommercialandculturalcontactslongbeforemerchantsoncamelsriskedtravelingtoplacesfarawayfromhome.8.wrought(Para.2):(pastparticipleofwork)toproduceresultsorexertaninfluence9.Telegraph...betweenindividualsandthewiderworld.(Para.2)Paraphrase:Theinventionofthetelegraphbroughtindividualsandtheoutsideworldcloserbutatthesametimetheconnectionwasmorecomplex,lessdirect,notsoeasytoseeordetect.Translation:电报、电话、收音机和电视把个人和外部世界更紧密地连在一起,这种联系更为复杂、不那么直接也不易察觉。Note:Theauthoruses“intricate”and“complicated”todescribetheconnectionbecausewiththeemergenceofadvancedtechnology,theconnection