1仁爱版九年级学案Unit2Topic1一、知识目标【重要短语】stand/improve/protecttheenvironment忍受/改善/保护环境produceterriblegas产生难闻的气味managetodosth.设法做某事inagood/badmood情绪好/差feeluncomfortable感到不舒适pourwasteintoriver把废水倒入河里somethinguseful有用的事物beharmfultosb./sth.对某人/某物有害thelookofourcities城市面貌seefishswimming看到鱼儿游来游去atpresent目前shoutatsb.对某人大喊大叫;斥责某人stopmakingsomuchnoise停止发出如此大的噪音disturbothers打扰别人akindofpollution一种污染besorryfordoingsth对做了某事感到抱歉fromnowon从现在起innoisyconditions在吵杂的条件下becomedeaf变聋了quiteafew相当少nobetterthan(几乎)与……一样差causehighbloodpressure引发高血压instrong,changeablelight在强烈、易变的光线下【重点句型】1.Itisdifficultformetobreathe.对我来说很难呼吸。2.----Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?你处于这样的状态多久了?----Ihavebeenlikethissincelastmonth.自从上个月以来我一直这样。3.Itisabeautifulplacewithflowersandgrass.那是个有花、有草的美丽的地方。4.Alltheflowers,grassandfishhavegone!所有的花、草和鱼儿都没有了!5.Itsmellsterrible.难闻极了。6.Thereareseveralchemicalfactoriespouringwastewaterintotheriver.有几座工厂正往河里排放污水。7.It’sourdutytoprotecttheenvironment.保护环境是我们的职责。8.Ihavebeenatthisschoolsincelastyear/foroneyear.自从去年,我在这个学校了。/我来到这个学校有一年了。9.Noiseisakindofpollutionanditisharmfultoourears.噪音是一种污染,对我们的耳朵有害。【重要语法】现在完成时中延续性的动作或状态和由for/since引导的一段时间状语搭配使用。a)“for+时间段”与“since+时间点”都表“一段时间”,常用Howlong提问。如:----Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?----Ihavebeenlikethissincelastmonth./foramonth.----HowlonghaveyoulivedinChangle?----IhavelivedinChanglefortenyears/sincetenyearsago.2b)如句中含有非延续性动词,则改为相应的延续性动词或状态。如:IboughtthisTVthreedaysago.=IhavehadthisTVforthreedays.Hiscatdiedyesterday.=Hiscathasbeendeadsinceyesterday.※常见的非延续性动词转换成延续性动词如下:come—behere;go—bethere;close—beclosed;open—beopen;buy—have;borrow—keep;leave—beaway;begin—beon;finish—beover;die—bedeadetc.【词形变换】produce(名词)——producerbreathe(名词)——breathmanage(同义词)——trysoil(近义词)——earthwaste(反义词)——saveharm(形容词)——harmfuldie(名词)——death(形容词)death(形容词)——deaddownstairs(反义词)——upstairspleasant(反义词)——unpleasantchange(形容词)——changeable3二、要点讲评1.Ican’tstandtheenvironmenthere.我无法容忍这儿的环境。stand表“容忍;忍受”,后接名词、代词及动名词做宾语。如:Ican’tstandthatman,hetalkstoomuch.我忍受不了那个人了,他话太多了。Canyoustandthepain?你能忍得住痛吗?Ican’tstandwaitinganylonger.我再也等不了了。2.Whatdoyoumeanbysth.?某物是什么意思呢?=What’sthemeaningofsth?=Whatdoessth.mean?3.IhopeIcanmovefromheresoon.我希望我能早点从这儿搬走。当主从句主语一致时,常可转换成不定式短语=Ihopetomovefromheresoon.我希望早点从这儿搬走。4.Thereareseveralchemicalfactoriespouringwastewaterintotheriver.有几座工厂正往河里排放污水。Therebe+sb./sth.+doingsth.表有某人/某物正在做某事。如:Therearesomebirdssinginginthetree.树上有些鸟儿在歌唱。Thereisalittlegirlcryinginthestreet.街上有个小女孩在哭。5.stopdoingsth.停止做(正在进行的)事stoptodosth.停下来去做(另一件)事如:It’slate.Theywillstopworkingand(stop)tohavesupper.很迟了。他们将停下来吃晚饭。Thestudentsstoppedtalkingandtolistentotheteacher.学生们停止说话去听课。6.I’msorryformakingsomuchnoise.很抱歉我弄出这么大的噪音。besorryfordoingsth.表对做过的事感到抱歉besorrytodosth.表对当前的事感到抱歉如:I’msorryforwakingyouupyesterday.很抱歉昨天把你弄醒了。I’msorrytotroubleyou.很抱歉打扰你了。I’msorrytohearthat.听到那个(消息)感到很遗憾。7.…,notallpeopleknowthatnoiseisalsoakindofpollution.并不是所有的人都知道噪音也是一种污染。not与both、all、every以及every的派生词连用时,表部分否定。如:Noteverybodyknowsthissecret.不是人人知道这个秘密。Nobodyknowsthissecret.没有一个人知道这个秘密。Idon’tknowall(of)yournames.你们的名字我并不都知道。Iknownoneofyournames.我不知道你们所有人的名字。8.RecentlyitwasreportedthatmanyteenagersinAmericacanhearnobetterthan465-year-oldpeopledo。近来据报道,美国许多青少年的听力和65岁的老人一样差。nobetterthan…表“同……(几乎)一样差;不比……做得好”如:LucydidnobetterthanLilyintheexam.露西和莉莉考得几乎一样糟.=LucyalmostdidasbadlyasLilyintheexam.三、典型例解()1.—Howlong_____you_____here?—Forabouttwoyearssofar.A.have;studiedB.did;liveC.do;stayD.were;swimming分析:A根据答语判断,本题考查带有“for+一段时间”的完成时态。()2.Wehaveknowneachother_____tenyearsago.A.forB.everC.aboutD.since分析:D现在完成时表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间,往往用for,since短语来表示。for+一段时间,since+过去时间点或从句,所以根据tenyearsago选择D项。()3.Thereis_____pollutionintheworld.Wemuststopit.A.muchtooB.toomuchC.manytooD.toomany分析:Bmuchtoo后接形容词、副词;toomany后接可数名词复数;toomuch后接不可数名词,pollution是一个不可数名词,故选B。()4.—Istheflowerbeautiful?—Yes,at_____it’s_____theoneyouboughtforme.A.last;asbadasB.least;nobetterthanC.last;notbetterD.least;noworsethan分析:D本题考查atleast和no+adj.(比较级)+than,表达的含义是“至少它不比你买给我的(花)差。”()5.Ican’tstand_____foryousolong.A.towaitB.waitingC.waitsD.waited分析:Bstand作及物动词,意为“忍耐,容忍”后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。()6.Thebossmadechildlaborers_____12hourseveryday.A.workingB.worksC.workD.towork分析:C本题考查makesb.dosth.这一结构。()7._____theenvironmentisimportantforhumanbeings.A.TakecareofB.TakingcareofC.TookcareofD.Takethecareof分析:B动词(组)作主语,应用其动名词-ing形式。()8.—Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?—Not_____.Therearestillsomeexercisestobedone.A.alreadyB.yetC.justD.ever分析:B本题主要考查yet在现在完成时态中的运用,yet用于否定句和疑问句中,already用于肯定句中。()9.—Itsmellsterrible.Whathashappenedhere?—Look,thereismuchwastegas_____fromthechemicalfactory.A.pourB.pouringC.pouredD.pours分析:BTherebe+sth./sb.doingsth.为固定句型,意为“有某人或某物正在……”。5()10.WhenIwaswalkinginthestreetyesterday,IsawaUFO_____overmyhead.A.flyingB.fliesC.flewD.tofly分析:Asee+宾语+doing,表示看到某动作正在进行。四、评价作业Ⅰ.单项选择()1.—Don’tmakeanynoiseinthelivingroom!Mybabyissleeping.—A.Sorry,Iwon’t.B.Itdoesn’tmatter.C.Excuseme,I’mwrong.D.Certainly,Iwon’t.()2.—Iaskedher,“DoyoustudyEnglishhere?”—IaskedhershestudiedEnglishthere.A.thatB.whatC.ifD.how()3.Thanksforgivingmemanypresents.