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12SZUTIDSPLab3SZUTIDSPLab(scanner)()4SZUTIDSPLab,,,.5SZUTIDSPLab-:::{}),(max),(),(tsgyxfxySts∈∧={}),(min),(),(tsgyxfxySts∈∧={}),(max),(),(tsgyxfxySts∈∧={}),(min),(),(tsgyxfxySts∈∧={}t)g(s,miny)g(x,if),(xySts∈{}t)g(s,maxy)g(x,if),(xySts∈),(),(tsgyxf=∧otherwise6SZUTIDSPLab-sTII⊗=∧⎥⎥⎥⎦⎤⎢⎢⎢⎣⎡×=111121111101sT,7SZUTIDSPLab⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧≤−×−−×+=∧00200020),(]),([),(]),([),(MjiIVMjiIVMMjiIVMjiIVMjiIM0,V0(100)j)(i,Ij),I(i,∧8SZUTIDSPLab9SZUTIDSPLab,,.,,,.(??):,,.10SZUTIDSPLab)1,1()1,(2)1,1()1,1()1,(2)1,1(),()1,1(),1(2)1,1()1,1(),1(2)1,1(),(++++++−+−+−−−−−−=+++++−+++−−−−−−−=jiIjiIjiIjiIjiIjiIjiGjiIjiIjiIjiIjiIjiIjiGyxsobelI(i,j)Gx(i,j),Gy(i,j)121(i,j)-1-2-11-12(i,j)-21-1(Rao’salgorithm)2)1,()1,(),(,2),1(),1(),(−−+=−−+=jiIjiIjiGjiIjiIjiGyx252(i,j)-2-5-22-25(i,j)-52-2x11SZUTIDSPLab])),(),((),(),(2arctan[21),(2121212121212121222∑∑∑∑−−−−−−−−+−=+−=+−=+−=−=””⎩⎨⎧−+−==−×−=∑∈otherwiseddifdNDjijiNCDji180180360mod)360`(`,55),(`)`,(1`)`,(20θθθθθθ13SZUTIDSPLabN=4N=8.2345671234561700(i,j)00717654321654321230(i,j)0321)(min,),(),(),(:..011iiNdpLmmmddVVddjijiIjiIVMehtreMB=−===−=∑θ.,),(),(),()(:1ddLmmmdddVdjiIjiIjiIV∑=−=1616,,.14SZUTIDSPLab])[(arg(:],[)87,1,0(:;16164])4[(])[(:4))((arg(:.3,2,1,0]),4[][(][1~0],[,iNumMaxDiriNumiiotherwiseiMaxiMaxGGrayabsiMaxGGrayabsifiMaxiiMaxiMaxiGMaxiMaxjjGjGabsjGNiiGmeanmeanDirdiffmeanmeandiffmean==×⎩⎨⎧++−−=+==+−=−=L15SZUTIDSPLab[1/3,1/25],X[k],.,,.),(),(1),(jiTjiTjiF=16SZUTIDSPLabFFT,,,.FFT?17SZUTIDSPLab(,,):,.:,,..:,,,.,.,18SZUTIDSPLab-Gabor,,,,,,.,,.Gabor,.19SZUTIDSPLabGabor⎪⎭⎪⎬⎫⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧+++−=)()(21exp21),(:,2222yxjyxyxHGaboryxyxyxσσσσσπσ20SZUTIDSPLabEvenGaborFilter,,,),4(12,),()()(),(cos)(sin)(sin)(cos)()2cos()(21exp21),(2222yxyxyxGabornmhfjiinmjyinjmxfxyxnmhσσϕϕϕϕϕπσσσπσ−+−=−+−=⎪⎭⎪⎬⎫⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧+−=(i,j)(m,n)ϕϕϕϕcossinsincos:)(nmynmx+−=+=77Gaborfilter(m,n):-3~31~7(m,n):i-3~i+3i+1~i+721SZUTIDSPLabGaborfilter,22SZUTIDSPLabGabor),(),:,(),(1010njmiIfnmhjiIwmwn−−•=∑∑−=−=∧ϕ),(),:,(),(21212121njmiIfnmhjiIwwmwwn++•=∑∑−−−=−−−=∧ϕ,,,Gabor,()),(),:,(),(2222njmiIfnmhjiIwwmwwn−−•=∑∑−=−=∧ϕ23SZUTIDSPLab(linhong)24SZUTIDSPLab()ww(w),:⎩⎨⎧=×=∧−−−=−−−=∑∑otherwiseAVjiIifjiIjiIwwAVwwiwwj0),(1),(),(12121212125SZUTIDSPLab()⎩⎨⎧=×=∧−−−=−−−=∑∑otherwisejiTjiIifjiInmInmjiTmmimnnin0),(),(1),(),(1),(21212121,()m,n,5,,926SZUTIDSPLab,,.⎩⎨⎧≥=otherwiseiGiGifjiImeanmean0][][1),(var,,,27SZUTIDSPLabOtsu,N.,June1990(1979)AThresholdselectionMethodfromGrey-levelHistograms.IEEETransactionsAnalysisandMachineIntelligence.,.28SZUTIDSPLab(),,,,,011(P1+P2+P3)(P5+P6+P7)+(P3+P4+P5)(P7+P8+P1)=029SZUTIDSPLab(),30SZUTIDSPLab,1;;count=2,;count=6.)1()9(,)()1(81IIkIkIcountk=−+=∑=I6I7I8I5I(i,j)I1I4I3I231SZUTIDSPLab::,,,,,.,.32SZUTIDSPLab,,.:.....33SZUTIDSPLab(),,(),()..,,.,(,N),,,,.),(111111111111111111111111241),()2,2(,nmDirNNjiDirjinm±±∈∧⊗+=),(1111111181),()1,1(,nmINNjiIjinm±±∈∧⊗+=34SZUTIDSPLab(),,.:35SZUTIDSPLab(Gabor)Gabor,,,,Gabor,.,1616Gabor77,,3,,.:,,Gabor,,,,,(w-1/2),.36SZUTIDSPLab(),,,.,,..37SZUTIDSPLab()(OPTA),,,,,.matlabthinim=bwmorph(binaryIm,‘thin’,Inf)..38SZUTIDSPLab39SZUTIDSPLab40SZUTIDSPLab(=100,=100)41SZUTIDSPLab42SZUTIDSPLab43SZUTIDSPLab44SZUTIDSPLab45SZUTIDSPLab46SZUTIDSPLab,(37)47SZUTIDSPLab88(33)48SZUTIDSPLab9933111199