How-to-write-a-summary

HowtoWriteaSummary?Definitionofsummary2.4.Contents4.5.SummaryHowtowriteasummary3.Leading-in1.2.2.2.2.2.2.2.2.Example&PracticeHowtowriteasummary3.Howtowriteasummary3.Howtowriteasummary3.Howtowriteasummary3.TitleSummaryBodypart:Atransitivesentence(过渡句)Experience/example,opinions,arguments,orfeelingsEnding/conclusionLeading-in1.Task-basedWriting（任务型写作）Whatisasummary?1.Ashortenedversionofthetext2.Mainpointsofthetext3.WritteninyourownwordsDefinition:Asummaryisabriefaccount(记述)ofthemainpointsofanarticleinyourownwords.Definitionofsummary2.Howtomakeasummary?FindkeywordsFindkeysentencesFindthemainideaIdentifythestyleofpassageHowtowriteasummary3.StylesofPassagesStyles（体裁）Functions（功能）Narration(记叙文)describeapersonoranevent,withafterthoughtsArgumentation(议论文)showthewriter’spointofviewExposition(说明文)introducesomething,eg.aphenomenonTask1：Findoutthekeyword(s),orthekeysentenceorrewritethesentences.GroupCompetitionGroupCompetitionFindoutthekeywordsofthesentences.Aconfidentpersonissomeonewhoissurethatheorshecandosomethingordealwithasituationsuccessfully.GroupCompetitionFindoutthekeywordsofthesentences.Everyyear2.2milliontonsofoilareputintotheoceanandthisoilhasterribleeffectsonoceanlife.GroupCompetitionFindoutthekeywordsofthesentences.Whenwearecommittedto(承担责任)something,itmeansthatnomatterhowpainfulorhowuncomfortablesomethingis,wewillalwayschoosetofaceitandworkitthroughratherthanrunawayfromit.GroupCompetitionFindoutthetopicsentenceofthepassage.Tobeagoodteacher,youneedsomeofthegiftsofagoodactor.Youmustbeabletoholdtheattentionandinterestofyouraudience;youmustbeaclearspeakerwithagood,pleasingvoicewhichisfullyunderyourcontrol;andyoumustbeabletoactwhatyouareteachinginordertomakeitsmeaningclear.GroupCompetitionFindoutthetopicsentenceofthepassage.Aswesaidbefore,youcan’tbesurethatthepersonyou’rechattingwithonlineiswhathe/sheclaimstobe.Rememberthattherearealotofhuntersonline.Theycanbecharmingandfriendly,butmayactuallybelookingforavictimthatwouldletoutpersonalinformationtothem.Sodon’tgiveyourrealname,phone,address,orexactlocationtoanybodyonline.GroupCompetitionAscomputergamesgettolookmorelifelike,itseemsthattheirviolenceisinfluencingthereallife.Itisreportedthatsomedozensofchildrenhavebeenmurderedsince1997,whichhasbeenlinkedtoandobsession(着迷)withviolentvideogames.(1)Usewordsofsimilarmeanings同义替换法ProfessorZhangistalkingonthephone.ProfessorZhangis_______telephonecalls.makingTask2：Rewritethesentencesaccordingtotheskills.(2)Adopttheoppositewaywhensayingasentence正话反说法Youwillfail.Youwill____________.notsucceed(3)Changethepartofspeech词性转换法Patienceisveryimportant.Patienceis_____________________.ofgreatimportance(4)Changethestructureofasentence句式变化法语态变换：Parentsshouldgivechildrenmorepraise.Childrenshould__________morepraise.begiven简单句变复合句：Childrenaregivenmorepraise.Theywillachievemoresuccess.When_________________,childrenwillachievemoresuccess.givenmorepraise(5)Usetheshortestpossibletransitions连词衔接法注意使用一些短而精的连词，如but,and,so,while,however,then,thus,yet,for,therefore,including,insteadof等。Weshouldencouragechildren.Weshouldnotscoldthem.Weshouldencouragechildren__________scoldingthem.insteadof(6)Changetheorderofthewords.词序改变法Thesecretofsuccesswaspatience.________wasPatiencethesecretofsuccess(7)Makeuseofthemeaningofasentence句意理解法ShoppingontheInternetisbecomingincreasinglypopular.______________________________________________________MoreandmorepeopleprefertoInternetshopping.Attention:Skill1:Omit(省略)thedetailsSkill2:OmittheexamplesSkill3:Usegeneral(概括性)wordsinsteadofspecific(具体的)wordsSkill4:Putthemainpointsofadialogueinindirectspeech(间接引语)narrationthesixelementsofanarrativepassagewhowhenwhereWhat(event)How(process)whyHowtowriteasummaryofnarrativepassage4.Hi,IamMike.Ijustwentthroughmyfirstyearofcollege.Thetoughestpartonmeatfirstwasthegeneraladjustment.Iwenttoaverysmallhighschoolwheremymomwasateacherandshedidpracticallyeverythingforme.ButatthecollegeIneedtoknowsomebasiclifeskills,suchasbalancingacheck-book,laundry,andthethingsyouhavetobeabletohandlethatIneverthoughtofinthehighschool!ItwasreallytoughformeatfirstandIgotbadlyhomesick.OncethatfirstsemesterwasoverandIgotusedtothecollegelife,Iloveit—goodfacilities,helpfulinstructors,andagoodlibrary.Thestudent’sUnionorganizesvariouspartieseveryweek.Ialsogotocinemasandconcerts,andoftenspendSaturdaynightsinpubsandclubs.OnethingIthinkisimportantistogetyourselfactiveinthings.Iwasondanceteamincollegeandmetatonofpeoplethatway—itwassomucheasiertomakefriendswhenyouhadacommonground.2008广东高考读写任务真题thesixelementsofanarrativepassagewhoWhen/where/WhatHow(process)Atfirst:Then:Atlast:whyMikeHisfirstyearofcollegetoughest…adjustmentgotusedtoitlovethecollegelifeGethimselfactiveinthingsadjustto…adaptto…/beaccustomedtoenjoyhimselfThepassageismainlyabout…Thepassagemainlytalksabout…Theauthor/writertellsusastorythat...Thestoryismainlyabout…andittellsusthat…Usefulstructuresforwritingasummary:____________________________________firstyearofcollegelife.Atfirsthe_______________________,butaftergettingactiveinthingsforonesemester,he_____