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1英语常用连系动词连系动词也称系动词（LinkVerb），它本身具有实在意义，但不能单独作谓语，后边必须加上表语共同构成复合谓语。连系动词与其后面的表语合起来叫作系表结构。系表结构主要是为了说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。一、表示状态的系动词用来说明主语的状态，只有一个be，但be在不同的人称和时态中有不同的形式，有am、are、is、was和were，后接名词、形容词、分词、不定式、副词和介词短语等作表语。例如:Themanisascienceteacher.Mary'snewdresseswerecolorful.二、表示持续性的系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep、remain、stay、lie、stand、continue和rest等，例如:Pleasekeepquiet.Severalproblemsremaintobesolved.Ihopetheweatherwillstayfine.Thewholecitylayinruinsaftertheearthquake.Mr.Blackstandshighinthepublicestimation.Theweathercontinuescold.Mygrandfatherwillneverrestidle.三、表“像”系动词用来表示“看起来像”这一概念，主要有seem、appear和look，例如：Sheseemsveryhappywiththenewjob.Heappearedtobetalkingtohimself.Shelookshappy.四、感官系动词感官系动词主要有feel、smell、sound、taste等，后面接形容词作表语，说明主语所处的状态，其意思分别为“摸/闻/听/尝起来……”。这几个动词的主语往往是物，而不是人。例如：Thetomatoesfeelverysoft.Theseflowerssmellverysweet.Themusicsoundsverypleasingtotheear.Themeattastesdelicious.五、表示变化的系动词这些系动词表示主语变化成什么样，主要有become、grow、turn、fall、get、go、come和run等，这些词后面大多数接形容词作表语，但become,turn,sound,remain,seem亦可接名词作表语，只是turn若跟名词则不加冠词。例如：Shebecameafamouswriter.Hiscoldisgrowingworse.Inautumntheleavesturnyellow.Theyfirstmetatuniversityandlaterfellinlove.It'sgettingcold.Themilkwentsour.2Myshoecameloose.Theriverwasbeginningtorundry.Heturnsdoctor.=Hebecomesadoctor.六、表终止的系动词表示主语发出的动作已经终止，主要有prove和turnout，表达“证实”和“变成”之意。例如：Myadviceproved(tobe)wrong.Heprovedacompetentmanager.Thepartyturnedout(tobe)verysuccessful.Therookieturnedout(tobe)thebesthitterontheteam.七、学习系动词的注意事项1.特别要注意“be+过去分词”所构成的系表结构与其所构成的被动语态的区别。系表结构侧重于表示主语的特征或所处的状态，通常没有由by引导的介词短语，如：Thedoorwasclosed.被动语态侧重于强调主语是谓语动词所示动作的承受者，表示动作；句中可以用由by引导的介词短语。如：Thedoorwasclosedbyme.还要注意由“be+V-ing”所构成的系表结构与其所构成的进行时态的区别。系表结构侧重于说明主语具有的特征或存在的状态，也可说明主语是什么。如：MyjobisteachingEnglish.进行时态侧重于强调主语正在做某事。如：Mr.Wangisreadinganeveningpapernow.2.要特别注意某些动词既可以做系动词，又可以做实意动词的用法。有些系动词也是实意动词，该动词表达实义时，有具体词义，可单独作谓语，例如：Hefellillyesterday.Hefellofftheladder.Thenewly-inventedsoftdrinkingtastesquiteunique.Thechefistastingthefishcarefully.3.系动词除了接名词、形容词、分词、不定式、副词和介词短语等以外，还可接以下几种表语形式：①能接asif/asthough表语从句的系动词有：look（看起来），smell（闻起来），sound（听起来），feel（觉得）；appear（显得），seem（似乎）等。例如：Helookedasifhehadjuststeppedoutofmybookoffairytales.Sheseemedasif(though)shecouldn’tunderstandwhyLaurawasthere.Itsoundstomeasthoughthere’sataprunningsomewhere.Shefeltasifherheadweresplitting.Theriverappearedasifenvelopedinsmog.②可用于“It+系动词+that从句”结构的有：seem和appear不可用be、look。如：Itseemedthathehadmadesomeseriousmistakesinhiswork.Itappearedthathewastalkingtohimself.③能用不定式作表语的系动词有be、seem、get、look、appear、prove、grow等。Herjobistolookafterthechildren.3Heseemsnottogowithus.Shelookstobeayounggirloftwenty.Hedidn’tappeartodislikeit.Myadviceprovedtobewrong.Hewillgrowtolikethisworkgradually.④能与there连用的系动词有：be、appear和seem.如:Thereappearedtobeonlyoneroom.Thereseems(tobe)noneedtogo.⑤能接介词短语的有：feel,look,sound,taste,remainItsoundslikeatraingoingundermyroom.Theconcertremainsinmymemory.4.系动词一般不用进行时。5.系动词无被动语态。4练习：1.Thedrug__________(tobe)highlyeffective.A.turnedB.becameC.provedD.smelled2.Howsweetthemusic__________!A.soundsB.looksC.remainsD.is3.Thebigsoldier__________thereexceptforhisslightlymovinglips.(B)A.keptcalmB.stoodstillC.wasquietD.laysilent4.Thisafternoonwillbecloudy,_____clear.A.feelingB.tastingC.fallingD.turning5.Theactressisthirty-fiveyearsold,butshe___alotyounger.(B)A.looksB.appearsC.seemsD.feelsHeappearsquiteyoung.他显得年轻。6.He____paleandhisclotheswereinafrightfulstate.(A)A.lookedB.appearedC.seemedD.waslooked7.HisdreamtobeadmittedintoBeijingUniversityhas______trueatlast.(D)A.becomeB.turnedC.grownD.come8.ThesilkmadeinSuzhou___smoothandsoft.(C)A.isfeltB.istouchedC.feelsD.isfeeling9.Things_____tobeexactlyastheprofessorhadforeseen.(A)A.turnedoutB.turnedC.wereprovedD.showed10.Holdingthenoteinhishand，Adam_____theredumbfounded．(D)A.remainedB.stayedC.keptD.stood11.Sarah,hurryup.I'mafraidyoucan’thavetimeto______beforetheparty.(A)5A.getchangedB.getchangeC.getchangingD.gettochange12.--Iwaswonderingifwecouldgoskiingontheweekend.--_________good.A.SoundB.SoundedC.SoundingD.Sounds13.Itremains________whetherJimwillbefitenoughtoplayinthefinals.(B)A.seenB.tobeseenC.seeingD.tosee14.ThemelontheSmithsservedatdinnerwouldhavetastedifithadbeenputinthefridgeforalittlewhile.A.goodB.betterC.bestD.well15.Pleaseremain_________untiltheplanehascometoacompletestop.A.toseatB.tobeseatedC.seatingD.seated1-5CABDB6-10ADCAD11-15ADBBD1.Thestorysounds___________.A.tobetrueB.astrueC.beingtrueD.true62.Thoseorangestaste__________.A.goodB.wellC.tobegoodD.tobewell3.–Areyoufeeling____________.(B)--Yes.I'mfinenow.A.anywellB.anybetterC.quitegoodD.quitebetter4.–Doyoulikethematerial?--Yesit__________verywell.A.isfeelingB.feltC.feelsD.isfelt5.–Youdon'tlookvery__________.Areyouill?--NoI'mjustabittired.A.goodB.wellC.strongD.healthy6.Themanwefollowedsuddenlystoppedandlookedasif_______whetherhewasgoingintherightdirection.7A.seeingB.havingseenC.tohaveseenD.tosee7.–Howlong___eachotherbeforethey____married？--Foraboutayear.A.havetheyknown,getB.didtheyknowweregoingto,getC.dotheyknowaregoingto,getD.hadtheyknown,got8.Cleaningwomeninbigc