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定语从句引导词特殊情况注意事项先行词是人，用who先行词非人，用which宾格whom用that不用which的条件用which不用that的条件无引导词：先行词在定从中作宾语，引导词可省略先行词在定从中作主语，定从谓动单复数由先行词决定oneof+复数名词，作先行词，谓动用复数the(only)oneof,thevery/right+复数名词，作先行词，谓动用单数作定语的句子，即“的”可以作名词或代词的定语万能钥匙that定语形容词介词短语非谓语动词短语前置Ihaveagoodfriend.后置Iwanttodosomethinginteresting.后置Theboyinwhiteismyfriend.后置Idon’thaveahousetolivein.修饰名词或代词的成分常译为“的”句子后置IlikestudentswholikeEnglish.2人主who关系代词引导词人宾whom物主/宾which人/物主/宾that人/物定whose=ofwhom人=ofwhich物时间状when=inwhich/onwhich=atwhich关系副词地点状where=inwhich/atwhich原因状why=forwhich引导词用that，不用which的条件①先行词前有最高级修饰；或先行词就是最高级；②先行词前有序数词修饰；或先行词就是序数词；③先行词前有theonly,theright,thelast,just,thesame,thevery等词修饰；④先行词是不定代词all,everything,one等词；或先行词前有不定代词修饰时；⑤先行词中既有人又有物；⑥主句是which或who引导的特殊疑问句；⑦Therebe句型中引导词用which，不用that的条件①引导词前有介词，如：inwhich;onwhich;withwhom②先行词是that,those不用that的条件介词后用whom，which，不用that3近七年河北中考定语从句原题再现2006年42.Thebookheboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.A.不填B.whyC.whenD.what2007年41.Doyouknowtheman_______issittingbehindNancy?A.whatB.whichC.whoD.whom2008年36.Thisisthedictionary________Mungavemeformybirthday.A.whichB.whatC.whoseD.whom2009年41.Sorry,wedon’thavethecoat_____youneed.A.whatB.whoC.whomD.which2010年43.Therearelotsofthings___________Ineedtopreparebeforethetrip.A.whoB.thatC.whomD.whose2011年43.Theteachers______cameforavisitareforeigners.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which2012年无4定从引导词判定拓展：引导词（以先行词在定从中所作成分为准）(1)先行词在定从中作主/宾的判定标准：引导词后是动词，则作主语；否则作宾语Thebookheboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.A.不填B.whyC.whenD.whatDoyouknowtheman___issittingbehindNancy?A.whatB.whichC.whoD.whom(2)先行词在定从中充当定语的判定标准：引导词的位置译为“的”Iliveinahouse_________windowissmall.A.whichB.whoC.whomD.whose(3)先行词在定从中充当状语的判定标准：先行词放入定从中，缺少介词连接。IsthistheriverwhereIcanswim?IlovetheplacewhereIwasborn.Thisistheschoolwhich/thatIvisitedyesterday.I’llneverforgetthedaywhenwewonthefirstprize.I’llneverforgetthedaythat/whichwespenttogether.Iwanttoknowthereasonwhyyouwerelateyesterday.典型例题：(1)Isthisfactorytheonethatyouvisitedyesterday?A.theonewhatB.whichC.onewhichD.theonethat(2)IlikemusicthatIcandanceto.先行词在定从中作宾语,要保持定从与先行词连接完整性拓展练习题1.I'dlikearoom________windowlooksoutoverthesea.2.JulyandAugustarethemonths________theweatherishot.3.She'sgoinghome________shecanrest.4.Doyouknowthereason________Ileftearly?5.Heistheman________carwasstolen.6.Thegirl________fatherisadoctorcomesfromShanghai.7.1994wastheyear________hewasborn.8.Thisisthevillage________hewasborn9.That’sthehotel________wewerestayinglastyear.10.Givemeonereason________weshouldhelpyou.