金融消费者保护

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摘要随着改革开放进程的加快,我们国家金融市场的持续发展,金融市场的专业化水平一直上升,金融业的混业经营模式持续增添了许多的新的活力,我国市场的消费水平呈现上升的趋势,加之国民对于消费水准的要求有了很大的提升。金融商品提供者想要实现自身利润的最大化就不得不对金融市场进行分割,这一系列行为突出的使金融消费者自身合法权益受到越来越多的来自金融机构的侵害。可是现阶段我国没有有关规制金融消费者权益的专属法律,以“一行三会”为代表的来自金融机构的工作重点则更多的放在对金融机构的监管之上;在没有法律明文规定、没有有力的监管机关的情况下,结果自身合法权益遭到不法侵害时,只能以《消费者权益保护法》作为基准法进行自身权益的维护或者直接向法院提起诉讼,用司法方式来解决。但是,维权结果往往并不乐观。针对上述提到过的维权时潜在的诸多问题,本文指出:我国要尽快公布《金融消费者权益保保障法》并予以执行。本文首先在概念上界定了金融消费者与普通消费并将其在法理上做了区分。深入分析了金融消费者的权利的特征,以真实案件来系统阐述当今我们国家在消费者权利遭到损害的具体情况,并对缘由进行了研究。在鉴戒西方发达国家先进监管的技术指导下,进一步建议我们国家必须加快创立、完美的金融消费者权利保护相关的法律规章的速度、还要逐步使金融监管制度更能很好的规制金融市场,所要达成的计划是为金融消费者合法权益的保护提供各个角度各个层次的深入探讨!本文还介绍了西方发达国家有关金融消费者权益保护的制度改革与创新的新做法,并进而提供了一个建议就是:我国应采用国际上改革的先进经验,以中国的基本国情作为基础,以区分金融消费者的含义和金融消费者核心的权利为切入点,立法设想和权益保障的方式要明晰,创建一个能够顺应我们国家金融业市场不断变化发展的要求的法律轨制。国际上关于保护金融消费者的总结起来有四种方式:第一:将保护金融消费者的合法权益作为监管机构的监管方向;第二:加强金融监管组织关于金融消费者权益保护的工作情况;第三:深化各个金融行业内设自律组织机制;第四:新设专项解决金融消费者投诉的机制。通过系统地研究探讨世界各国涉及维权的最新经验可以得出结论:中国在金融消费者权益保障体制的不断充实首当其冲要从法律框架入手:首先,应当对金融消费者权益保护进行专门立法,以法律的形式对金融消费者予以保护;其次,加强各个金融监管组织涉及到金融消费者正当权力的保护层次上的工作分担;再次,根据金融消费者的弱势地位,在金融服务提供者违反约定的情况下,要强化对金融服务提供者的责任上的制约。比如信息披露义务,安全保障义务等等。最后,我们更应该健全金融消费者纠纷的救济制度。关键词:金融消费者;金融消费者保护;监管职责AbstractWiththeaccelerationoftheprocessofreformandopeningupandsustaineddevelopmentofourcountry'sfinancialmarkets,financialmarketsprofessionallevelhasbeenrising,thefinancialsectorcontinuedMixedmodeaddsalotofnewvitality,theconsumptionlevelofthemarketshowedanupwardtrend,coupledwiththerequirementsofnationalstandardsfortheconsumerhasbeengreatlyimproved.Maximizefinancialproductsproviderswanttoachievetheirprofitswouldhavetobedividedonthefinancialmarkets,thisseriesmakesfinancialconsumerbehaviorhighlightstheirlegitimaterightsandinterestsareinfringedbyagrowingnumberoffinancialinstitutions.Butatthisstagethereisnorelevantregulationofthefinancialinterestsofconsumersexclusivelawstoline3willtorepresentthefocusfromfinancialinstitutionsaremoreontopofthesupervisionoffinancialinstitutions;expresslyprovidesthatintheabsenceoflaw,undernocircumstancespotentregulatoryauthorities,theresultsoftheirlegitimaterightsandinterestshavebeeninfringedwhenthelawlessandcanonlybetoprotecttheirowninterests,consumerProtectionLawasareferencemethodordirectlytothecourtproceedings,withthejudiciarytosolve.However,theresultsareoftennotoptimisticactivist.Fortheabovementionedrightsofthemanypotentialproblems,thearticlepointedout:ChinashouldacceleratetheprocessofpromulgationofFinancialConsumerProtectionLaw.Thisarticlefirstdefinestheconceptoffinancialconsumersandthegeneralconsumerandmakeadistinctioninlaw.In-depthanalysisofthecharacteristicsoffinancialconsumerrights,inordertoillustratethecaseofthefinancialinterestsofconsumerswereinfringeddetailedforms,andthereasonwasstudied.UndertheguidanceofadvancedtechnologydevelopedWesterncountrieswarningregulation,furthersuggeststhatwemustspeedupthecreationoftheState,theperfectfinancialconsumerrightsprotectionlawsandregulationsrelatedtothespeed,butalsograduallymakegoodfinancialregulatorysystemtobetterregulatethefinancialmarkets,theultimategoalistoprovidecomprehensivelegalprotectionfortheprotectionofthefinancialinterestsofconsumers!ThispaperalsodescribesanewapproachdevelopedWesterncountriesonfinancialsystemreformandinnovationofconsumerprotection,andthusprovidesasuggestionisthis:ChinashouldadopttheadvancedinternationalexperiencereformstoChina'sbasicnationalconditionsasabasistodistinguishcoremeaningandfinancialconsumerfinancialconsumerrightsasthestartingpoint,thelegislativeideasandwaystoprotecttheinterestsofclarity,wecreateacountry'sfinancialsectorcanadapttochangingmarketrequirementsofthelegaldevelopmentoftherailsystem.Theinternationalcommunityontheprotectionoffinancialconsumerssummedupinfourways:First:toprotectthelegitimaterightsandinterestsofconsumers,astheregulatorydirectionoffinancialregulatoryagencies;Second:strengtheningfinancialsupervisionorganizationsworkonfinancialconsumerprotection;third:todeepenthefinancialsectoroffersvariousself-regulatoryorganizationmechanism;fourth:thenewspecialfinancialconsumercomplaintsresolutionmechanism.Throughacomprehensivegraspofthelatestinternationalactivistexperiencecanbeconcluded:onimprovingthebruntoffinancialconsumerprotectionregimeshouldmakeeffortsfromthelegalsystem:First,itshouldbeforspecializedfinancialconsumerprotectionlegislation,legalbeintheformoffinancialconsumerprotection;Secondly,thefunctionsassignedtodeepenthemajorfinancialregulatoryauthoritiesinthefinancialconsumerprotectionaspects;again,accordingtotheweakfinancialpositionofconsumers,financialserviceprovidersincaseofviolationoftheagreement,tostrengthenrestrictionsonfinancialserviceprovidersobligations.Suchasinformationdisclosureobligations,securityobligations,andsoon.Finally,weshouldimprovethefinancialconsumerdisputesreliefsystem.Keywords:financialconsumerprotection;regulatoryresponsibilities绪论一、研究背景、意义近年来,“金融消费者”已成为大众消费角色中最普遍的一种人群。金融消费手段的广泛应用,给人们的工作和生活带来方便的同时,也使金融利益越来越容易遭受金融服务提供者可能或现实潜在的伤害。这种伤害不单加剧了金融服务提供者与金融消费者二者的抵触和对立性,极大地增加了由人为因素造成的金融风险的危险,情形危机的还会波及一个国家的金融秩序的稳固。纵览国际社会对金融消费者权益保障的经历,我们能总结出这样一条规律:对金融消费者权益保障存在弱势是构成金融危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